UEFA Euro 2016 riots

Last updated

News coverage of riots in Marseille during UEFA Euro 2016 Clash In Marseille EURO 2016.JPG
News coverage of riots in Marseille during UEFA Euro 2016

The UEFA Euro 2016 football championships in France saw several recorded instances of football hooliganism and related violence between fans, both at the venues where matches took place, and in cities near the participating stadiums. The violence started immediately before the tournament began, and involved clashes between several countries. Some of the rioting came from established gangs and football hooligan organisations, which deliberately intended to provoke violence. They clashed with riot police who controlled the crowds using tear gas and a water cannon.

Contents

Both the organisers and government officials in several countries condemned all violence, and recommended various sanctions up to and including removal from the tournament and a ban on alcohol. Russian politicians later said the country had been singled out for unfair treatment and protested against a suspended disqualification.

Events

Marseille

On 10 June, English fans at Marseille clashed with police, who used tear gas to break up the crowd. One fan and one local man were arrested. [1] Fans later complained that the police were unnecessarily confrontational, and provoked further problems. [2] Six English fans were later arrested and charged with throwing bottles at the police or other fans. [3] One English fan was hospitalised, while dozens of other fans were injured in the clashes. [4] [5] England striker Jamie Vardy's wife Rebekah was hit by tear gas during the disruption. [6] The first two England fans tried for throwing bottles at police were each given a three-month prison sentence and a two-year ban from France. [7]

The next day, English and Russian fans clashed before that evening's game between the two teams. The police again used tear gas and a water cannon to control crowds. Immediately after the match, which ended in a 1–1 draw, around 150 Russian fans at the Stade Vélodrome charged towards England supporters in a neighbouring terrace. Russian fans set off flares and climbed over fencing to attack the opposing supporters. [8] Two Russian supporters were also arrested over a pitch invasion during the game. [7] Video footage showed Russian hooligans attacking English fans with chairs and metal bars. The chief prosecutor in Marseille called the group "hyper-rapid and hyper-violent". [9]

A week later at the Stade Vélodrome, before the match between Iceland and Hungary, Hungarian fans clashed with stewards. A report in The Guardian said some supporters tried to climb a fence and a flare was thrown, but otherwise the match was peaceful. [10]

Lille

The whole thing is a disaster waiting to happen. It's like a massive tinder box waiting to go off any minute

-- Fan response to the atmosphere at Euro 2016 [11]

German and Ukrainian fans clashed in Lille before their group stage game on 12 June, with further violence and street battles. [12] UEFA later said they had "serious concerns" over security in the city. [13] An additional 4,000 police were drafted in, in preparation for matches featuring Russia and England (the latter in nearby Lens). [14]

Russian and English fans clashed again on 15 June, requiring the police to use tear gas to break up crowds following Russia's game against Slovakia in the Stade Pierre-Mauroy. French riot police used tear gas and charged at hundreds of England fans, as flares were set off. [11] Fans were herded by riot police away from the main square, and the atmosphere calmed. [15] A minor scuffle between English and Russian fans broke out in the city centre around midnight. [14] At least 36 people were arrested following brawling between England and Russia fans; a total of 16 people were hospitalised. [16]

Nice

On 12 June, violence broke out between French hooligans and Northern Irish supporters, who had been drinking amicably with their Polish counterparts in Nice, ahead of a match of Northern Ireland against Poland. News reports later showed the attack had been provoked by the local French hooligans. Six Northern Irish and a Polish supporter were injured, one of them seriously. [17] [18]

Several Spanish fans, wearing neo-Nazi insignia, were arrested for robbery with violence before the Spain–Turkey group match at the Allianz Riviera on 17 June. [19]

Paris

Before the Croatia versus Turkey match on 12 June, members of Kop of Boulogne (PSG group) attacked groups of Turkish supporters. [20] [21] During the match itself at Parc des Princes, KoB fans were seen holding banners "Turkish fans are not welcome". [22]

In the hours before the 10 July final between Portugal and France at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, there were clashes between fans trying to access the Eiffel Tower fan zone and police who were attempting to prevent overcrowding. [23] Police carried out a controlled explosion on a package left outside the stadium complex, while fans set litter bins alight. The disruption was under control by the second half of the match, but after Portugal beat France 1–0, fights broke out between fans outside the stadium. Police advised people not to travel to the Eiffel Tower or the Champs-Élysées as the area was not safe. [24]

Cologne

On the evening of 16 June, Russian hooligans attacked three Spanish tourists in the German city of Cologne. The attack was apparently sparked when the Spaniards, two men and one woman, put stickers with anti-fascist slogans on a lamppost. According to the police, the group of Russians were members of a right-wing group. In their possession authorities found tickets to the Euro 2016 games of the Russian team against England and Slovakia as well as disguises such as masks. Six attackers were detained, five of them immediately after the attack and one at the airport. [25]

Saint-Étienne

These are not Croatian fans, they are terrorists. What hurts me is that the state does not want to deal with that. This is a terrorist act. I hope that they will identify them and they will end up where they belong

-- Croatian coach Ante Čačić's reaction to the incident. [26]

During the match between the Czech Republic and Croatia on 17 June in Saint-Étienne, Croatian hooligans threw flares onto the Stade Geoffroy-Guichard pitch, causing referee Mark Clattenburg to halt the match just before its end, and fans fought among themselves. [27] [28] A steward was struck by a firecracker after a Croatian fan threw it onto the field and striker Ivan Perišić was nearly struck by a flare. A total of eight flares, as well as other objects, were thrown into the field. The team unsuccessfully tried to calm the crowd and Clattenburg moved every player into the center of the field to avoid injury. [26] [29]

Prior to the start of the game, the Croatian Helsinki Committee warned the French authorities and organizers to enforce additional safety measures, as 300 members of Torcida Split (ultras supporters of HNK Hajduk Split) [28] were entering the city. One group was stopped by police at the Croatian border after masks and drugs were discovered. [30] Croatian news sources reported that before the start of the match, the Torcida has broadcast images via social media of the stadium and the planned disruption along the groups Bad Blue Boys, Armada Rijeka and Ultrasi. [31] [32] The groups wanted to revolt against the Croatian Football Federation (HNS) and publicly embarrass the country. [26] [28] [30] [33]

HNS President Davor Šuker confirmed the reports of riots. [34] The HNS Commissioners for Safety declared that they collaborated with Croatian and French police, as well as UEFA, in providing information that disorder would occur in the 85th minute of the game. As a result, French police entered the stadium two minutes earlier. It was reported that the incident was planned and conducted by extreme ultras from Torcida Split, who have good relations with fans of AS Saint-Étienne. [35]

Lyon

During the match between Albania and Romania at the Parc Olympique Lyonnais in Lyon on 19 June, crowd trouble was attributed to fans from both countries. Supporters let off smoke bombs, hurled objects and invaded the pitch. According to French prosecutors, one Albanian man hid a flare inside his rectum to smuggle it into the stadium. [36]

Reactions

UEFA

Both the English and Russian national teams were threatened with disqualification by the competition organiser UEFA if violence by their supporters continued. [37] [38] On 14 June, the Russian team were given a suspended disqualification and the country's national federation was fined €150,000 with a strict warning that the team would be removed from the tournament if any further violence occurred. Fifty Russian fans were deported. [39] The sentence could only relate to events inside the stadium, as that is all UEFA is responsible for. [40] England was also warned about disqualification, but were not formally charged. [41]

Croatia and Turkey were charged for stadium trouble, after their group stage match with Czech Republic and Spain respectively. [42] The Hungarian, Belgian and Portuguese football federations were also charged on 19 June for fans disturbances during matches against Iceland, Republic of Ireland and Austria. [43] Albania and Romania were both charged by UEFA after their match, [44] to bring the total number of countries indicted over stadium crowd trouble to eight – a third of those competing at the tournament. [45] Croatia and Hungary were fined €100,000 and €65,000 respectively. [46]

France

French Minister of the Interior, Bernard Cazeneuve, asked all participating cities in the tournament to ban the sale of alcohol on both match days and the day before them. He also recommended a ban on selling any containers that could be used as missiles. [47] There were later complaints that since the ban did not cover off-licence sale of drinks, it was de facto unenforceable. [15]

The French police identified a gang of 150 well-trained Russian football hooligans causing the violence and disorder. [48] [49] On 18 June, it was announced that the far-right leader of the Russian football supporters' association  [ ru ] Alexander Shprygin, who had arrived with Russia's official delegation, [50] was to be deported from France together with 19 fellow fans. [51] After being sent back to Russia, he was re-arrested in Toulouse at Russia's match against Wales. [52] [53]

Russia

Russian coach Leonid Slutsky did not challenge the disqualification or fine, saying he was confident that no further violence would occur. [40] Igor Lebedev, MP from the far-right Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, is reported to have said: "I don't see anything terrible about fans fighting ... Keep it up!", laying blame at the lack of organisation and policing instead of the fans. [48] [54] Vladimir Markin, spokesman for the Investigative Committee of Russia, said, "The Europeans are surprised when they see a real man looking like a man should". [50] Russian President Vladimir Putin condemned the violence and disagreed strongly with some reports showing Russian officials appearing to support it. [40]

In response to the sanctions levelled against Russia, the French ambassador was summoned to the Russian foreign ministry to answer questions about the treatment of Russian supporters. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov strongly criticised the police over the deportation orders, particularly an incident where fans were ordered to leave a bus for identity checks. He believed such an action violated the rules of the Vienna Convention. [55]

England

The British Shadow Home Secretary, Andy Burnham, condemned the violence, claiming most had been "let down by a minority". [2] In a press conference before their match against Wales, England manager Roy Hodgson and captain Wayne Rooney made a request to fans to "stay out of trouble", reiterating the Football Association's official stance. [56]

Croatia

Croatian President Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović requested a government session after the match between Croatia and the Czech Republic to discuss fan trouble. The Croatian Football Federation apologised for the behaviour of their fans in the stadium. [42] After reporting that some hooligans who participated in the disruption were from Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian daily newspaper Slobodna Dalmacija speculated on whose authority they had acted. [57]

Media reports

Seven Russian media outlets, including RIA Novosti , quoted statements by fake Twitter journalists as evidence of English fans "provoking" Russian supporters. [58] [59] Swiss journalist Jürg Vollmer  [ de ] believes that the accounts are run by a Russian troll factory. [60]

A BBC report described some of the Russian fans involved in the violence as emulating English football hooliganism of the 1970s and 1980s. It claimed they considered themselves athletes, and were generally fitter than English counterparts. [61] According to CBC News, they were "almost embraced by the state". [50] An article published by The Daily Telegraph described their actions as "state-endorsed hooliganism" and said that reports on Russian state television "bordered on the triumphant". [62]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UEFA Euro 2000</span> 11th European association football championship

The 2000 UEFA European Football Championship, also known as Euro 2000, was the 11th UEFA European Championship, a football tournament held every four years and organised by UEFA, the sport's governing body in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Croatia national football team</span> Mens association football team

The Croatia national football team represents Croatia in international football matches. It is governed by the Croatian Football Federation (HNS), the governing body for football in Croatia. It is a member of UEFA in Europe and FIFA in global competitions. The team's colours reference two national symbols: the Croatian checkerboard and the country's tricolour. They are colloquially referred to as the Vatreni (Blazers) and Kockasti.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Association football culture</span>

Association football culture, or football culture refers to the cultural aspects surrounding the game of association football. As the sport is global, the culture of the game is diverse, with varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness in each country. In many countries, football has ingrained itself into the national culture, and parts of life may revolve around it. Many countries have daily football newspapers, as well as football magazines. Football players, especially in the top levels of the game, have become role models.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tartan Army</span> Fans of the Scotland national football team

The Tartan Army are fans of the Scotland national football team. They have won awards from several organisations for their friendly behaviour and charitable work. They have also been criticised at times for aspects of their behaviour, however, such as indecent exhibitionism and jeering at "God Save the Queen".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Football hooliganism</span> Violent behaviour by football spectators

Football hooliganism, also known as soccer hooliganism, football rioting or soccer rioting, constitutes violence and other destructive behaviors perpetrated by spectators at association football events. Football hooliganism typically involves conflict between pseudo-tribes, formed to intimidate and attack supporters of other teams. Certain clubs have long-standing rivalries with other clubs and hooliganism associated with matches between them can be more severe. An example of this is the Devon Derby . Conflict may arise at any point, before, during or after matches and occasionally outside of game situations. Participants often select locations away from stadiums to avoid arrest by the police, but conflict can also erupt spontaneously inside the stadium or in the surrounding streets. In extreme cases, hooligans, police and bystanders have been killed, and riot police have intervened. Hooligan-led violence has been called "aggro" and "bovver".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chelsea Headhunters</span> Football firm linked with Chelsea F.C.

The Chelsea Headhunters are a notorious English football hooligan firm linked to the London football club Chelsea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barra brava</span> Organized supporters groups of football teams in Argentina

Barra brava is the name of organized supporters' groups of football teams in Argentina, analogous to European ultras and British hooligans in providing fanatical support to their clubs in stadiums and provoking violence against rival fans as well as against the police.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UEFA Euro 2016</span> 15th edition of the association football championship

The 2016 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2016 or simply Euro 2016, was the 15th UEFA European Championship, the quadrennial international men's football championship of Europe organised by UEFA. It was held in France from 10 June to 10 July 2016. Spain were the two-time defending champions, having won the 2008 and 2012 tournaments, but were eliminated in the round of 16 by Italy, whom they had beaten in the 2012 final. Portugal won the tournament for the first time, following a 1–0 victory after extra time over the host team, France, in the final played at the Stade de France.

The Millwall Bushwackers are a football firm associated with Millwall Football Club. Millwall have a historic association with football hooliganism, which came to prevalence in the 1970s and 1980s, with a firm known originally as F-Troop, eventually becoming more widely known as the Millwall Bushwackers, who were one of the most notorious hooligan gangs in England. On five occasions The Den was closed by the Football Association and the club has received numerous fines for crowd disorder. Millwall's hooligans are regarded by their rivals as amongst the stiffest competition, with Manchester United hooligan Colin Blaney describing them as being amongst the top four firms in his autobiography 'Undesirables', and West Ham hooligan Cass Pennant featuring them on his Top Boys TV YouTube channel, on which their fearsome reputation for violence was described.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007 AS Roma–Manchester United F.C. conflict</span>

The 2007 A.S. Roma–Manchester United conflict occurred on 4 April 2007 at the Stadio Olimpico during the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League quarter-final match between Roma and Manchester United. In the conflict, missiles were thrown over a perspex barrier separating the two sets of supporters, which prompted the Italian riot police to enter and attempt to subdue the hostile crowd. The incident has been controversial, as the police and team supporters on both sides view the causes of and reactions to the melee differently.

Football hooliganism in Poland first developed as a recognised phenomenon in the 1970s, and has continued since then with numerous recognised hooligan firms and large-scale fights. Until 1997, the number of related incidents rose, according to Przemysław Piotrowski of Jagiellonian University. The problem of hooliganism related to football has been compared to what he described as the dark days of football hooliganism in Eastern Europe in the 1980s. Hooliganism in Poland is considered to be on a larger scale than hooliganism in Britain. Many Polish football clubs have hooligan firms associated with them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 UEFA Cup final riots</span> 2008 football riots in Manchester, England

The 2008 UEFA Cup final riots took place in Manchester, England, on the day of the 2008 UEFA Cup final. Serious disorder was allegedly sparked by the failure of a big screen erected in Piccadilly Gardens to transmit the match to thousands of Rangers fans who had travelled to the city without tickets. In addition to property damage, fifteen policemen were injured and ambulance crews attended 52 cases of assault. A Manchester City Council inquiry into the events estimated that over 200,000 Rangers fans visited Manchester for the match, with 39 fans arrested for a range of offences across the city, while 38 complaints were received about the conduct of Greater Manchester Police officers.

Aston Villa Hardcore is a football hooligan firm associated with the Premier League club Aston Villa, based in Birmingham, England.

The 2000 UEFA Cup Final Riots, also known as the Battle of Copenhagen, were a series of riots in City Hall Square, Copenhagen, Denmark between fans of English football team Arsenal and Turkish team Galatasaray around the 2000 UEFA Cup Final on 17 May 2000. Four people were stabbed in the scuffles, which also involved fans from other clubs and were viewed by the media as part of a retaliation for the killing of two Leeds United fans by Galatasaray supporters the month before.

A sports riot is a riot that occurs during or after sporting events. Sports riots occur worldwide. Most riots are known to occur after the event is done, but some have been during the game. While association football is one of the more well-known triggers for riots, other sports which have triggered riots include ice hockey and motorcycle racing. There are a number of factors believed to influence whether riots occur, including cultural factors; environmental factors such as temperature, darkness, and noise; and witnessing player violence.

Concerns and controversies related to UEFA Euro 2012 covers, the themes and issues surrounding the 2012 UEFA European Football Championship in Poland and Ukraine. After Poland and Ukraine were chosen by a vote of the UEFA Executive Committee as host countries for UEFA Euro 2012, several issues arose. Preparation work proceeded more speedily in Poland than in Ukraine and, following a visit in April 2009, Michel Platini announced that all was on track and he saw no major problems. UEFA confirmed the appointment of the Polish cities of Warsaw, Poznań, Wrocław and Gdańsk. At the same meeting, an appeal for the delayed decision on the Ukrainian venues was granted to Lviv, Donetsk, and Kharkiv in order to meet specific conditions regarding infrastructure, with a warning that only Kyiv and the best prepared city of the other candidates would otherwise be used if issues were not resolved by the end of November, though it took heavy amount of time and resources

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Football hooliganism in the United Kingdom</span> Hooliganism associated with football in the United Kingdom

Beginning in at least the 1960s, the United Kingdom gained a reputation worldwide for football hooliganism; the phenomenon was often dubbed the British or English Disease. However, since the 1980s and well into the 1990s the UK government has led a widescale crackdown on football related violence. While football hooliganism has been a growing concern in some continental European countries in recent years, British football fans now tend to have a better reputation abroad. Although reports of British football hooliganism still surface, the instances now tend to occur at pre-arranged locations rather than at the matches themselves.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2000 UEFA Cup semi-final violence</span> Fights between English and Turkish football fans

The 2000 UEFA Cup semi-final violence in Istanbul, Turkey, between fans of English football team Leeds United and Turkish team Galatasaray on 5 April 2000, the day before the first match of their UEFA Cup semi-final, led to two Leeds fans being stabbed to death by Galatasaray fans. Four men were arrested and charged with their murders. The deaths led to an angry reaction in England with Galatasaray fans being banned from attending the second leg in England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hungary–Romania football rivalry</span>

The Hungary–Romania football rivalry is a competitive sports rivalry that exists between the national football teams of the two countries and their respective sets of fans.

The 1999 Rotterdam riots refers to serious riots and clashes between Dutch security forces and football hooligans in Rotterdam, the Netherlands on 26 April 1999.

References

  1. ↑ "Euro 2016: England fan arrested after Marseille clash". BBC News. 10 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  2. 1 2 "Euro 2016: Who is to blame for the Marseille violence?". BBC News. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  3. ↑ "England fans sentenced to prison for Euro 2016 violence". CNN. 13 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  4. ↑ "England fan in coma after Euro 2016 violence". BBC News. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  5. ↑ Ough, Tom; Morgan, Tom (11 June 2016). "England fan fighting for his life and dozens more injured as English fans and Russian thugs clash at Euro 2016 in Marseille". The Telegraph. Retrieved 11 June 2016.
  6. ↑ "Jamie Vardy's wife Rebekah tear-gassed at Euro 2016". BBC News. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  7. 1 2 "First England fans jailed after Marseille violence". Eurosport. 13 June 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  8. ↑ "Euro 2016: Violence mars England–Russia match". BBC News. 11 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  9. ↑ "Euro 2016 violence: Russian 'ultras' film attack on England fans with head-mounted Go Pro-style camera". The Independent. 15 June 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  10. ↑ "Hungary fans fight with stewards before Iceland game at Euro 2016". The Guardian. 18 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  11. 1 2 "Police arrest 36 amid Lille disorder involving England fans". BBC News. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  12. ↑ "Euro 2016: Uefa threatens to disqualify England and Russia amid German and Ukraine violence in Lille". The Daily Telegraph. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  13. ↑ "Euro 2016: FA has 'serious concerns' over Lille security". BBC News. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  14. 1 2 "Euro 2016: Alcohol ban and extra police ahead of England–Wales game". BBC News. 15 June 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  15. 1 2 "Euro 2016 violence: Police fire tear gas at fans in Lille". BBC News. 15 June 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  16. ↑ "Euro 2016: dozens arrested in Lille after England and Russia supporters clash". Guardian. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  17. ↑ "Police disperse fighting Northern Irish and French football fans as Euro 2016 violence spreads". The Daily Telegraph. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  18. ↑ "Euro 2016: Northern Ireland fans hurt in Nice pub clash". bbc. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  19. ↑ "Plusieurs interpellations à l'Allianz Riviera en marge d'Espagne–Turquie". Nice-Matin (in French). Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  20. ↑ "Des problèmes évités avant PSG/Besiktas, rebelote à l'Euro ?".
  21. ↑ "Turquie-Croatie à Paris, cet autre match qui fait craindre des violences". 12 June 2016.
  22. ↑ "Les Turcs ne sont pas les bienvenus pour le Kop of Boulogne - SO FOOT.com". 12 June 2016.
  23. ↑ "Paris police fire tear gas and water cannons in Euro Cup fan zone". CBC Canada. 10 July 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  24. ↑ "Euro 2016: French riot police fire tear gas at supporters as fans told not to travel to Eiffel Tower and Champs Elysees". The Independent. 11 July 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  25. ↑ "Russische Hooligans verprügeln Touristen vor Kölner Dom" (in German). WDR. 17 June 2016. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  26. 1 2 3 "Uefa to act after Croatia fan fights and flares mar Czech Republic draw". The Guardian. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  27. ↑ "VIDEO: Chaos at Euro 2016 as flare explodes in steward's face after Croatian fans hurl fireworks". The Independent. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  28. 1 2 3 Hunter, Andy (17 June 2016). "Czech Republic comeback marred by Croatia flare and fan incidents". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  29. ↑ Brown, Luke (17 June 2016). "Czech Republic 2 Croatia 2, Euro 2016: Czechs grab late draw in game overshadowed by crowd violence". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  30. 1 2 "HHO: Torcida namjerava izazvati nerede u St. Etienneu" [HHO: Torcida intend to cause unrest in St. Etienne]. Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  31. ↑ "Na Facebooku Torcide 1950 objavljen plan napada na Geoffroy-Guichardu, baklje su poletjele s njihovih pozicija?" [Facebook Torcida 1950 published a plan of attack at the Geoffroy-Guichard, flares flew from their positions?]. Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). 17 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  32. ↑ "Plan Diverzije Objavljen Već Prije Utakmice: Evo što su huligani našarali da smjeste Hrvatskoj!" [Diversion Plan Released Already before the game: This is what the hooligans scribbled to accommodate Croatia!]. Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 17 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  33. ↑ Aleksandar Holiga (18 June 2016). "Why did Croatia fans disrupt their Euro 2016 match against Czech Republic?". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  34. ↑ "Marković: Imali smo dojavu da će doći do prekida. Šuker: Nemoćni smo, boli me srce. Ne treba nas valjda izbaciti na 4 godine da konačno naučimo" [Markovic: We had a tip that will be interrupted. Šuker: We are helpless, my heart hurts. We should not be out to four years to finally learn] (in Croatian). Večernji list. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  35. ↑ "Antolić: Francuska policija je djelomično spriječila puno veći cirkus" [Antolić: French police partially prevented much bigger circus] (in Croatian). Večernji list. 18 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  36. ↑ "Albania football win brings team diplomatic passports". BBC. 21 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  37. ↑ Hume, Tim; Nabbi, Zayn (12 June 2016). "Euro 2016: Russia, England warned over fights". CNN. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
  38. ↑ "Russia handed suspended Euro 2016 disqualification and lash out at England". Guardian. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  39. ↑ "Euro 2016 violence: Uefa gives Russia suspended disqualification and €150,000 fine as French authorities set to deport up to 50 Russian fans". The Daily Telegraph. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  40. 1 2 3 "Russia fined, given suspended disqualification for Euro 2016 violence". ESPN. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  41. ↑ "Euro 2016: Russia given suspended disqualification". BBC Sport. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  42. 1 2 "Euro 2016: Croatia sorry for crowd trouble at Czech Republic match". BBC Sport . Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  43. ↑ "Euro 2016: Hungary, Belgium and Portugal federations charged". BBC Sport. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
  44. ↑ "Euro 2016: Uefa to investigate trouble during Albania's win over Romania". BBC Sport. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  45. ↑ "Euro 2016: Hungary fined after crowd disturbances against Iceland". BBC Sport. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  46. ↑ "Disciplinary – UEFA.org". UEFA.com.
  47. ↑ "Euro 2016: French government calls for alcohol ban in match zones". BBC News. 13 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  48. 1 2 "Euro 2016: 150 Russians 'behind' violence". 13 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  49. ↑ ""Trained" Russian hooligans behind Euro 2016 violence". Financial Times. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  50. 1 2 3 Murray, Don (16 June 2016). "'Keep it up, boys!': Why Russia cheers its soccer hooligans at Euro 2016". CBC News .
  51. ↑ "Euro 2016: France deports Russia fan chief Shprygin – BBC News". Bbc.co.uk. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  52. ↑ "Russian fan leader arrested, faces 2nd deportation in a week". Associated Press. 20 June 2016.
  53. ↑ "Russian fan leader Shprygin back in France at Euro 2016". BBC News. 20 June 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  54. ↑ "Euro 2016: Russian official tells hooligans 'well done lads, keep it up' after Marseilles violence". The Independent. 14 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  55. ↑ "Euro 2016: Russia summons French ambassador after fan violence". BBC News. 15 June 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  56. ↑ "Roy Hodgson and Wayne Rooney urge England fans to behave at Euro 2016". The Guardian . 13 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  57. ↑ "Dio huligana koji su izazvali prekid državljani su BiH i Srbije". Slobodna Dalmacija . Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  58. ↑ "Euro 2016 clashes: Russian media vaunt own fans and put blame on English". The Guardian. 11 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  59. ↑ Jackson, Jasper (16 June 2016). "Russian media base Euro 2016 violence claims on fake Twitter accounts". The Guardian .
  60. ↑ Vollmer, Jürg (17 June 2016). "Wie eine russische Troll-Fabrik mit Fake-Accounts die Hooligans anheizt – und mein Profilbild klaute". Watson (in German).
  61. ↑ Rainsford, Sarah (15 June 2016). "Is Russia exporting a new breed of football hooligan?". BBC News. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  62. ↑ Jones, David Martin; Smith, MLR (21 June 2016). "Is Vladimir Putin orchestrating Russian football hooligans to push Britain out of the EU?". The Daily Telegraph .
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.