USS Bancroft (DD-256)

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USS Bancroft (DD-256) underway c1940.jpg
USS Bancroft (DD-256) underway circa 1940
History
US flag 48 stars.svgUnited States
NameUSS Bancroft
Namesake George Bancroft
Builder Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Fore River Shipyard, Quincy
Cost$1,218,962.89 (hull and machinery) [1]
Laid down4 November 1918
Launched21 March 1919
Commissioned30 June 1919
Decommissioned24 September 1940
Stricken8 January 1941
Identification Hull number DD-256
FateTransferred to Canada, 24 September 1940
Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgCanada
NameHMCS St. Francis
Namesake St. Francis River
Commissioned24 September 1940
Decommissioned1945
Identification Pennant number I93
Honours and
awards		Atlantic 1941–43
FateDeclared surplus, 1 April 1945; sank off Cape Cod en route to scrapping, July 1945
General characteristics
Class and type Clemson-class destroyer
Displacement1,216 long tons (1,236  t)
Length314 ft 4 in (95.81 m)
Beam31 ft 8 in (9.65 m)
Draft9 ft 10 in (3.00 m)
Propulsion
  • 26,500  shp (19,800 kW);
  • Geared turbines,
  • 2 screws
Speed35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph)
Range4,900  nmi (9,100 km; 5,600 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement122
Armament

The second USS Bancroft (DD-256) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy, which briefly served in 1919. Placed in reserve, the ship lay idle before being reactivated for World War II. She was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in 1940, where she served as HMCS St. Francis (I93) in the Battle of the Atlantic escorting convoys. The ship was declared surplus in April 1945, sold for scrap and sank on the way to the breakers after a collision in July.

Contents

Construction and career

United States Navy service

Named for George Bancroft, an American historian and diplomat, the destroyer was launched on 21 March 1919 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation's Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, sponsored by Miss Mary W. Bancroft, great granddaughter of George Bancroft. The ship was commissioned on 30 June 1919. [2]

Bancroft joined the Atlantic Fleet and took part in fleet training activities until 26 November 1919 when the ship went into reserve commission. The destroyer was placed out of commission at Philadelphia on 11 July 1922. Bancroft was recommissioned 18 December 1939 and served with the Atlantic Squadron on the east coast until decommissioned at Halifax, Nova Scotia. She was then transferred to Great Britain in the destroyer-land bases exchange on 24 September 1940. [2]

Royal Canadian Navy service

As HMCS St. Francis, 1940-1945 HMCS St. Francis.jpg
As HMCS St. Francis, 1940–1945

Bancroft was allocated to the Royal Canadian Navy and was taken over by the Canadians on 24 September 1940. Following the Canadian practice of naming destroyers after Canadian rivers (but with deference to the U.S. origin), the destroyer was renamed HMCS St. Francis after the St. Francis River forming the border between northern Maine and Quebec and New Brunswick. [3] St. Francis left Halifax 15 January 1941 and arrived in the River Clyde, Scotland, 26 January. She joined the 4th Escort Group and on 20 May she rescued all the survivors of the steamship Starcrose which had to be sunk after being torpedoed by a submarine. At the end of June she escorted a troop convoy to the Middle East and in July she joined the newly formed Newfoundland Escort Force. Between 1941 and 1943 St. Francis made several attacks on enemy submarines while escorting convoys ON-95, SC-85, ON-105, HX-197, and ON-116 with Mid-Ocean Escort Force group C-4. St. Francis subsequently escorted convoy ON-121 with Escort Group C-3, convoy SC-99 with Escort Group C-1, and convoy ON-147 with Escort Group C-4. [4]

After refitting at Halifax, St. Francis joined Escort Group C2 in the Western Approaches Command in June 1943 but in August was transferred to the 9th Escort Group (RCN), working from Londonderry Port, Northern Ireland. She was reassigned to the Western Local Escort Force at Halifax the following month. From early 1944 she was employed on training duties at Digby, Nova Scotia, where on 1 April 1945 she was declared surplus.

On 14 July 1945, the destroyer was under tow of the tug Peter Norman, and bound for Baltimore to be broken up for scrap by the Boston Iron & Metal Co.. After passing through the Cape Cod Canal, the vessels encountered a thick fog, which enshrouded Buzzards Bay. Near the entrance to the bay the collier Windward Gulf collided with the old destroyer opening a hole in its hull. Peter Norman tried to ground the destroyer, but it was taking on water too quickly and soon sank on an even keel in 60 feet (18 m) of water approximately two miles (3.2 km) off Acoaxet with no loss of life. [5]

Trans-Atlantic convoys escorted

ConvoyEscort GroupDatesNotes
SC 49 14–21 Oct 1941 [6] Newfoundland to Iceland
SC 55 19–25 Nov 1941 [6] Newfoundland to Iceland
SC 71 27 Feb – 9 March 1942 [6] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 76 16–23 March 1942 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 78 9–16 April 1942 [6] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 90 5–9 May 1942 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 85 MOEF group C4 31 May – 12 June 1942 [6] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 105 MOEF group C420–27 June 1942 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 197 MOEF group C49–16 July 1942 [8] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 116 MOEF group C426 July – 1 Aug 1942 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
ON 121 MOEF group C3 20–22 Aug 1942 [7] Iceland to Newfoundland
SC 99 MOEF group C1 9–19 Sept 1942 [6] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 147 MOEF group C4 20–23 Nov 1942 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
ON 146 MOEF group B3 29 Nov – 5 Dec 1942 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 127 WLEF 16–20 April 1943 [6] Halifax to Newfoundland
ONS 4 WLEF29 April – 5 May 1943 [7] Newfoundland to Halifax
HX 240 WLEF21–25 May 1943 [8] Halifax to Newfoundland
HX 242 MOEF group C2 6–14 June 1943 [8] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 190 MOEF group C225 June – 1 July 1943 [7] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
ONS 19 9th escort group27 Sept – 9 Oct 1943 [7]

Notes

  1. ↑ "Table 21 – Ships on Navy List June 30, 1919". Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office: 762. 1921.
  2. 1 2 Dictionary of American Fighting Ships.
  3. ↑ Milner 1985, p. 23.
  4. ↑ Milner 1985, pp. 285–289.
  5. ↑ "HMCS St. Francis". Government of Massachusetts. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "SC convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "ON convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  8. 1 2 3 "HX convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.

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References

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