Doctor of Medicine is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. This generally arose because many in 18th-century medical professions trained in Scotland, which used the M.D. degree nomenclature. In England, however, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S.) was used and eventually in the 19th century became the standard in Scotland too. Thus, in the United Kingdom, Ireland and other countries, the M.D. is a research doctorate, honorary doctorate or applied clinical degree restricted to those who already hold a professional degree (Bachelor's/Master's/Doctoral) in medicine. In those countries, the equivalent professional degree to the North American, and some others' usage of M.D. is still typically titled Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery.
A medical school is a tertiary educational institution, professional school, or forms a part of such an institution, that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians. Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, Master of Medicine, Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO). Many medical schools offer additional degrees, such as a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), master's degree (MSc) or other post-secondary education.
A Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery is an undergraduate medical degree awarded by medical schools in countries that follow the tradition of the United Kingdom. The historical degree nomenclature states that they are two separate undergraduate degrees. In practice, however, they are usually combined as one and conferred together, and may also be awarded at graduate-level medical schools. It usually takes five to six years to complete this degree.
Chifeng University (赤峰学院) is a public university formed by the combination of Chifeng Normal College of Nationalities and other four academies. It was approved by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China in 2003. It is in the city of Chifeng, the birthplace of the Hong Shan cultures. The university has 24 colleges or departments
The Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, formerly the independent Shanghai Medical University (SHMU), is one of the oldest and most prestigious medical schools in China. Clinical medicine of the Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University is consistently ranked among the top three medical schools in China and #45 globally by Times Higher Education World University Rankings as of 2022. Its "Clinical Medicine" also ranked #73 globally by the U.S. News & World Report globally.
The University of Medicine, Mandalay, located in Mandalay is one of five medical universities in Myanmar. The university offers Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.,B.S.) degree and postgraduate degrees in medical science.
The University of Medicine 1, Yangon, located in Yangon, it is the oldest medical school in Myanmar. The university offers M.B., B.S. degrees and graduate degrees in medical science. The university is perhaps the most selective university in the country, and admits approximately 400 students annually based on their University Entrance Examination scores.
The University of Medicine 2, Yangon is a university of medicine, located in North Okkalapa, Yangon, Myanmar. The university offers M.B., B.S. degrees and graduate degrees in medical science. The university is one of the most selective in the country, and accepts approximately 300 students annually based solely on their University Entrance Examination scores.
The University of Dental Medicine, Yangon, is the leading university of dental medicine, located in Yangon, Myanmar. The university, along with the University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, is only one of two universities of dental medicine in the country. The annual intake into both dental universities is 300 but from 2017 it introduced the new intake and decrease to only 100 per university per year. The country with a population of over 50 million had only about 1500 dentists in 2005.
The University of Medicine, Magway located in Magway, is one of five universities of medicine in Myanmar. The university offers an M.B., B.S. degree program, and master's degree programs in medical science.
The University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, is a university of dental medicine, located in Mandalay, Myanmar. The university offers a six-year bachelor's degree program in dental surgery. Graduate and doctoral studies are now available at the University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay. The annual intake into both dental universities is 300.
The Defense Services Medical Academy (DSMA), located in Mingaladon, Yangon, is the University of Medicine of the Myanmar Armed Forces. One of the most selective universities in the country, the academy offers M.B., B.S. degree programs. Upon graduation, most DSMA cadets are commissioned with the rank of Lieutenant in the Myanmar Army Medical Corps. The military physicians are to serve the healthcare needs of rural people when they are assigned in the country's remote regions where access to healthcare is poor.
Weifang Medical University is a medical university based in Weifang, Shandong province, in China.
The University of Community Health, Magway (UCH) is a Community Health University under the Ministry of Health (Myanmar), and located in Magway city, Myanmar. The university offers a four-year Bachelor of Community Health (B.Comm.H) degree program. Students have to study how to perform community health. Also, they must take clinical subjects as integration for rural population whom can't get primary health care. Formally, the graduates are allowed to practice as Health Assistants (HA) in Department of Public Health and FDA of Myanmar, many of whom are the main providers of primary health care in rural Myanmar where access to regular physicians is difficult.
As of 2021, 11 universities in Uganda offer medical schools. Admission to medical school requires the candidate to have attained a Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE) as well as proficiency in Biology or Zoology, Chemistry and Physics at A-level standards. Training leading to the degree of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) lasts five years. Major examinations are conducted after the first, second and fifth year, with additional evaluations after each clinical rotation. After successful completion of the fifth year, candidates complete a year of internship under the supervision of specialists. Postgraduate training is available at Makerere University School of Medicine and other Public and Private Universities in a number of medical and surgical disciplines. The training takes three to four years and leads to the Master of Medicine (MMed) degree. The East, Central and Southern Africa College of Health Sciences is nowadays another alternative postgraduate training pathway in Uganda, such as Membership [MCS (ECSA)] and Fellowship [FCS (ECSA)] of the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA); as well as in Internal Medicine through the East, Central and Southern Africa College of Physicians (ECSACOP) and the College of Obstetrics and Gynecology of East, Central and Southern Africa (ECSACOG) for Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College, Dhaka (SMAMC) is a private medical college in Uttara Model Town, Uttara, Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. It is affiliated with the University of Dhaka.
Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, designated as a medical university in Nanchang, Jiangxi, is an institution of higher learning under the leadership of Jiangxi provincial government.
The College of Medicine of the Lagos State University popularly known as LASUCOM is one of the top College of Medicine in Nigeria.
The standard entry-to-practice degree in modern evidence-based medicine in India is the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS). Alternative systems of Medicine in India are Ayurveda (BAMS), Unani (BUMS), Siddha(BSMS), Homeopathy (BHMS). M.B.B.S. a credential earned upon completion of a five-and-a-half-year undergraduate program. The curriculum is divided into one year of preclinical studies in general science subjects and three and a half years of paraclinical and clinical studies, followed by a one-year clinical internship. Before beginning the internship, students are required to pass several examinations, the final one of which is conducted in two parts. Postgraduate education in medical specialties typically takes 3 additional years of study after the MBBS and concludes with the award of a Master of Surgery or Doctor of Medicine(MD). Postgraduate diplomas in medical specialities may also be awarded upon the completion of two-year training programs. After that a person can further get a degree in superspeciality in his or her respective branch after successful completion of 3 years of superspeciality in a medical college.
