Verbena halei

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Verbena halei
Verbena halei.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Verbenaceae
Genus: Verbena
Species:
V. halei
Binomial name
Verbena halei
Synonyms [1]
  • Verbena gaudichaudii(Briq.) P.W.Michael
  • Verbena leucanthemifoliaGreene
  • Verbena officinalis var. gaudichaudiiBriq.
  • Verbena officinalis var. halei(Small) Munir
  • Verbena officinalis var. hirsutaTorr.
  • Verbena officinalis f. roseifloraBenkr

Verbena halei, commonly known as Texas vervain, Texas verbena, or slender verbena, is a flowering plant in the vervain family, Verbenaceae. [2] [3] It is native to much of the southern United States and Mexico. Scattered populations have been found along the east coast (North Carolina), and its range stretches south to Florida, west to Arizona, and throughout most of Mexico. [1] [2] [4] It is a perennial shrub and grows in thickets and woodland borders. Flowers bloom March to June. [5] It has been introduced to Australia, in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. [1] [6]

Contents

The flowers of the Verbena halei are trumpet shaped and grow in loose clusters along the top of the branches in colors that range from blue to purple. Each branch holds a few flowers, with each flower having only five petals. It has a square stem and grows small, dry fruits called schizocarps. [5] [7]

It was first formally named by American botanist John Kunkel Small in 1898. [8] It is sometimes considered a subspecies or variety of Verbena officinalis . [6]

Habitat

This species of Verbena grows in warm climates and in a variety of soils including sand, loam, and clay. The plant is drought tolerant. [7]

Ecosystem

Many animals use this plant as a food source. Birds such as the northern cardinal, junco, field sparrow, and song sparrow are known to eat the seeds of the Verbena halei. The cottontail rabbit is known to eat the whole plant. [9]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Verbena halei Small". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  2. 1 2 "Plants Profile for Verbena halei (Texas vervain)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2020-01-05.
  3. "Verbena halei". Integrated Taxonomic Information System . Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  4. "Name - Verbena halei Small". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2020-01-05.
  5. 1 2 "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
  6. 1 2 Munir, Ahmad Abid (2002). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Verbena L. (Verbenaceae) in Australia". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 20: 21–103. ISSN   0313-4083. JSTOR   23874130.
  7. 1 2 "Verbena halei". Native Plant Society of Texas. Retrieved 2025-11-07.
  8. "Verbena halei Small". ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
  9. "Plants of Louisiana". warcapps.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2025-11-07.