Viburnum dentatum

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Viburnum dentatum
Viburnum dentatum flowers.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Dipsacales
Family: Adoxaceae
Genus: Viburnum
Species:
V. dentatum
Binomial name
Viburnum dentatum
L.
Vide range.png
Natural range in the United States (Canadian range not shown)

Viburnum dentatum, southern arrowwood or arrowwood viburnum or roughish arrowwood, is a small shrub, native to the eastern United States and Canada from Maine south to northern Florida and eastern Texas.

Contents

Like most Viburnum , it has opposite, simple leaves and fruit in berry-like drupes. Foliage turns yellow to red in late fall. Localized variations of the species are common over its entire geographic range. Common differences include leaf size and shape and placement of pubescence on leaf undersides and petioles.

Leaves in autumn 2014-11-02 12 33 36 Arrowwood foliage during autumn along Broad Avenue in Ewing, New Jersey.JPG
Leaves in autumn

Some moth larvae feed on V. dentatum. Known such species include the unsated sallow (or arrowwood sallow; Metaxaglaea inulta ) and Phyllonorycter viburnella . It is also consumed by the viburnum leaf beetle (Pyrrhalta viburni), an invasive species from Eurasia. [2] The fruits are a food source for songbirds. Berries contain 41.3% fat. [3]

The fruits appear blue. The major pigments are cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-sambubioside, and cyanidin 3-vicianoside, but the total mixture is very complex. [4]

Native Americans used the young stems to make arrow shafts. [5]

Varieties

Related Research Articles

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<i>Viburnum tinus</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Viburnum acerifolium</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Lonicera caerulea</i> Honeysuckle plant

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<i>Viburnum trilobum</i> Species of fruit and plant

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<i>Viburnum nudum</i> Species of shrub

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viburnum leaf beetle</span> Species of leaf beetle

Pyrrhalta viburni is a species of leaf beetle native to Europe and Asia, commonly known as the viburnum leaf beetle. It was first detected in North America in 1947 in Ontario, Canada. However, specimens had been collected in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia in 1924. In 1996 it was discovered in a park in New York, where native plantings of arrowwood were found to be heavily damaged by larval feeding. The UK-based Royal Horticultural Society stated that its members reported Pyrrhalta viburni as the "number one pest species" in 2010.

<i>Vaccinium stamineum</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Viburnum edule</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae

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<i>Viburnum rufidulum</i> Species of shrub

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<i>Viburnum bracteatum</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Pyrrhalta</i> Genus of beetles

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<i>Viburnum australe</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Viburnum rafinesqueanum</i> Species of shrub

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<i>Viburnum dilatatum</i> Species of shrub

Viburnum dilatatum, commonly known as linden arrowwood or linden viburnum, is a deciduous shrub in the moschatel family (Adoxaceae). It is native to eastern Asia, and can be found as an introduced plant in the mid-Atlantic regions in the U.S from New York to Virginia. Linden arrowwood is known for the clusters of red drupes it produces when it is mature.

<i>Viburnum molle</i> Species of flowering plant

Viburnum molle, commonly called softleaf arrowwood, is a species of flowering plant in the moschatel family (Adoxaceae). It is native to the eastern United States, where it restricted to the Midwest and Upper South. Its distribution is scattered, and populations occur in disjunct clusters. Its natural habitat is in rocky bluff forests over calcareous soil, and in adjacent bottomlands.

<i>Viburnum recognitum</i> Species of plant in the genus Viburnum

Viburnum recognitum, variously called the northern arrowwood, southern arrowwood, and smooth arrow-wood, is a species of flowering plant in the family Viburnaceae. It is native to eastern Canada, and the central and eastern United States. A shrub or small shrubby tree, they are typically found in wetter habitats such as stream banks, bottomlands, swamps, and mesic woodlands. It is closely related to, and may be a subtaxon of, Viburnum dentatum, the southern arrowwood or roughish arrowwood.

References

  1. NatureServe (30 June 2023). "Viburnum dentatum". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  2. Paul A. Weston; E. Richard Hoebeke (2003). "Viburnum leaf beetle, Pyrrhalta viburni (Paykull) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Dispersal pattern of a palearctic landscape pest in New York and its distribution status in the northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 105 (4): 889–895. Retrieved 9 July 2023 via biostor.org.
  3. Smith, Susan B.; McPherson, Kathleen H.; Backer, Jeffrey M.; Pierce, Barbara J.; Podlesak, David W.; and McWilliams, Scott R. "Fruit quality and consumption by songbirds during autumn migration." The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 2007, volume 119, issue 3, pages 419-428, doi : 10.1676/06-073.1
  4. Francis F.J. and Markakis, Pericles C. "Food colorants: Anthocyanins." Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 1989, Volume 28, Issue 4, pages 273-314, doi : 10.1080/10408398909527503
  5. Little, Elbert L. (1980). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region. New York: Knopf. p. 671. ISBN   0-394-50760-6.

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