White-chinned thrush

Last updated

White-chinned thrush
White-chinned Thrush RWD2.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Turdidae
Genus: Turdus
Species:
T. aurantius
Binomial name
Turdus aurantius
Gmelin, JF, 1789
Turdus aurantius map.svg

The white-chinned thrush, known in Jamaica as the hopping dick (Turdus aurantius) is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to Jamaica where it is common and widespread. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.

Contents

Taxonomy

The white-chinned thrush was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae . He placed it with the thrushes in the genus Turdus and coined the binomial name Turdus aurantius. [2] The scientific name comes from Latin Turdus meaning "thrush" and Modern Latin aurantius meaning "orange-coloured". [3] Gmelin based his account on those by earlier authors. His list included John Ray in 1713, [4] Hans Sloane in 1725, [5] Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760, [6] Comte de Buffon in 1775 [7] and John Latham in 1783. [8] The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. [9]

Description

The white-chinned thrush in 24–26.5 cm (9.4–10.4 in) in overall length. The sexes are similar in appearance. The face, crown and nape are black. The rest of the upperparts dark grey. Two small broad white edges to the innermost greater coverts form a small white wing patch. The chin is whitish but the rest of the underparts are mid-grey with the palest feathers on the belly. The bill, legs and feet are orange. The eye is brown. [10]

The only other thrush present in Jamaica is the white-eyed thrush. This lacks the white wing patch and the orange bill. [10]

Local names for the bird in Jamaica include hopping dick and chick-me-chick. [11]

Behaviour

Breeding occurs between May and August. The nest is placed in a shrub and is an untidy cup of leaves, fibres and twigs that is lined with finer material. The clutch is 2-4 eggs which are dull whitish or pale green background with reddish brown spots. They are incubated by the female for 16 days. Two broods are usually raised. [11] [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short-toed snake eagle</span> Species of bird

The short-toed snake eagle, also known as the short-toed eagle, is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, buzzards and harriers. The genus name Circaetus is from the Ancient Greek kirkos, a type of hawk, and aetos, "eagle". The specific gallicus means "of Gallia".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eyebrowed thrush</span> Species of bird

The eyebrowed thrush is a member of the thrush family Turdidae. It breeds in dense coniferous forest and taiga eastwards from Siberia and Mongolia to Japan. It is strongly migratory, wintering south to China and Southeast Asia. It is a rare vagrant to western Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jamaican crow</span> Species of bird

The Jamaican crow is a comparatively small corvid. It shares several key morphological features with two other West Indian species, the Cuban crow and the white-necked crow of Hispaniola, which are very closely related to it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vinaceous dove</span> Species of bird

The vinaceous dove is a bird species in the pigeon family Columbidae that widely resident across the Sahel and Sudan (region).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caribbean martin</span> Species of swallow

The Caribbean martin or white-bellied martin is a large swallow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Masked laughingthrush</span> Species of bird

The masked laughingthrush is a species of laughingthrush found in China and Vietnam. It is often seen in small noisy flocks of seven. Its Chinese name [七姊妹 qī zǐ-mèi] means 'seven sisters'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-breasted martin</span> Species of bird

The grey-breasted martin is a large swallow from Central and South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guira cuckoo</span> Species of bird

The guira cuckoo is a gregarious bird found widely in open and semi-open habitats of northeastern, eastern and southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, and northeastern Argentina. It is the only species placed in the genus Guira.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olive thrush</span> Species of bird

The olive thrush is, in its range, one of the most common members of the thrush family (Turdidae). It occurs in African highlands from southern Malawi and Mozambique in the north to the Cape of Good Hope in the south. It is a bird of forest and woodland, but has locally adapted to parks and large gardens in suburban areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-headed lovebird</span> Species of bird

The gray-headed lovebird or Madagascar lovebird is a small species of parrot of the lovebird genus. It is a mainly green parrot. The species is sexually dimorphic and only the adult male has grey on its upper body. They are native on the island of Madagascar and are the only lovebird species which are not native on the African continent. They are the smallest of the lovebird species. It is rarely seen in aviculture and it is difficult to breed in captivity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greater Antillean grackle</span> Species of bird

The Greater Antillean grackle is a grackle found throughout the Greater Antilles, as well as smaller nearby islands. Like all Quiscalus grackles, it is a rather large, gregarious bird. It lives largely in heavily settled areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jandaya parakeet</span> Species of bird

The jandaya parakeet or jenday conure is a small Neotropical parrot with green wings and tail, reddish-orange body, yellow head and neck, orange cheeks, and black bill, native to wooded habitats in northeastern Brazil. It is a member of the Aratinga solstitialis complex of parakeets very closely related to, and possibly subspecies of the sun parakeet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caatinga puffbird</span> Species of bird

The caatinga puffbird is a species of bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chestnut-belted gnateater</span> Species of bird

The chestnut-belted gnateater is a species of bird in the family Conopophagidae, the gnateaters. It is found in the Amazon Basin of northern Brazil, southern Colombia and eastern Peru and Ecuador; also the Guianan countries of Guyana, Suriname and eastern French Guiana. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pale thrush</span> Species of bird

The pale thrush is a passerine bird of the eastern Palearctic belonging to the genus Turdus in the thrush family Turdidae. It is closely related to the eye-browed thrush and grey-backed thrush.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ethiopian oriole</span> Species of bird

The Ethiopian oriole is a species of bird in the family Oriolidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-headed antbird</span> Species of bird

The black-headed antbird is a species of passerine bird in the antbird family Thamnophilidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-eyed thrush</span> Species of bird

The white-eyed thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae that is endemic to Jamaica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abyssinian thrush</span> Species of bird

The Abyssinian thrush is a passerine bird in the family Turdidae. It is also known as the African mountain thrush, or northern olive thrush The species was formerly treated as conspecific with the olive thrush but the species were split based on the genetic differences. The ranges do not overlap. The Abyssinian thrush is found in Eritrea and other parts of the Horn of Africa, as well as an area to the southeast extending from the African Great Lakes region to north eastern Zambia and Malawi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buru green pigeon</span> Species of bird

The Buru green pigeon is a pigeon in the genus Treron. It is found in the forests of Buru in Indonesia. Many authorities split the species from the pompadour green pigeon complex.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Turdus aurantius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22708832A94179894. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22708832A94179894.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1789). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 832.
  3. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp.  61, 393. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
  4. Ray, John (1713). Synopsis methodica avium & piscium (in Latin). London: William Innys. p. 185, No. 30.
  5. Sloane, Hans (1725). A Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and Jamaica : with the natural history of the herbs and trees, four-footed beasts, fishes, birds, insects, reptiles, &c. of the last of those islands. Vol. 2. London: Printed for the author. p.  305, Plate 256 Fig 2.
  6. Brisson, Mathurin Jacques (1760). Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés (in French and Latin). Vol. 2. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. pp. 277–278.
  7. Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1775). "La Merle brun de Jamaique". Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux (in French). Vol. 3. Paris: De l'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 391–392.
  8. Latham, John (1783). A General Synopsis of Birds. Vol. 2, Part 1. London: Printed for Leigh and Sotheby. p. 45, No. 47.
  9. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Thrushes". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  10. 1 2 Clement, Peter; Hathway, Ren (2000). Thrushes. Helm Identification Guides. London: A & C Black. p. 400. ISBN   978-0-7136-3940-7.
  11. 1 2 Levy, Catherine; Downer, Audrey (1992). "Life history of the white-chinned thrush Turdus aurantius" (PDF). Gosse Bird Club Broadsheet. 58: 11–13.
  12. Collar, N.J. (2005). "Family Turdidae (Thrushes)" . In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.A. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 10: Cuckoo-shrikes to Thrushes. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 514-807 [676]. ISBN   978-84-87334-72-6.