Yellow-faced siskin

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Yellow-faced siskin
Carduelis yarrellii.JPG
CITES Appendix II (CITES) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Fringillidae
Subfamily: Carduelinae
Genus: Spinus
Species:
S. yarrellii
Binomial name
Spinus yarrellii
(Audubon, 1839)
Spinus yarrellii map.svg
Synonyms

Sporagra yarrellii
Carduelis yarrellii

The yellow-faced siskin (Spinus yarrellii) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It is found in Brazil and Venezuela.

Contents

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist mountains, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, arable land, plantations, and urban areas.

The binomial of this bird commemorates the English ornithologist William Yarrell. [3]


Description

The Yellow-faced siskin is sexually dimorphic with the male having a black crown. Both sexes have a bright yellow body with an olive back and black and yellow wings; the legs are pink and the tail is black on top and white underneath. Like other birds in its genus, it has a cone-shaped bill adapted to hold and shell seeds. The amount of black on the males head can vary with the lores and ear coverts also being black on some birds. Its call is a complex and melodious warble much like the calls of other relatives like the Pine siskin and American goldfinch.

Distribution

The Yellow-faced siskin has a spotty distribution throughout Southeastern Brazil in the states of Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, and Bahia. There is also a disjunct population in northern Venezuela, though many authorities consider these to be escaped cage birds; However, specimens of this population were collected there in 1914.

Behaviour and habitat

The Yellow-faced siskins diet mainly consists of small seeds but also feeds on berries and insects. Its nest is cup shaped and mainly made out of grasses, spider webs, and hairs. Despite its small range, it occurs in a wide range of habitats including caatinga, urban areas, forest edges, second growth forests, and coffee plantations.

Status

The Yellow-faced siskin is currently ranked as vulnerable by the IUCN due to its heavy exploitation by the illegal bird trade which, along with deforestation pose serious risks to the bird. While the bird has always been semi-popular in the bird trade, increased trapping since the 1980s has seen a sharp decline in the birds population.

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The name siskin when referring to a bird is derived from an adaptation of the German dialect words sisschen, zeischen, which are diminutive forms of Middle High German (zîsec) and Middle Low German words, which are themselves apparently of Slavic origin. The name siskin was first recorded in written English in 1562, referring to the Eurasian siskin, Spinus spinus.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2018). "Spinus yarrellii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T22720368A132137806. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22720368A132137806.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. Jackson, Christine E (2022). A Newsworthy Naturalist: The Life of William Yarrell. Oxford: John Beaufoy. pp. 115–118. ISBN   978-1913679-04-0.