Wayne County, Missouri

For other uses, see Wayne County.

Wayne County
County
Wayne County Courthouse in Greenville
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Missouri's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°07′N90°28′W / 37.11°N 90.46°W / 37.11; -90.46
Country	United States
State	Missouri
Founded	December 11, 1818
Named for	Anthony Wayne
Seat	Greenville
Largest city	Piedmont
Area
• Total	774 sq mi (2,000 km2)
• Land	759 sq mi (1,970 km2)
• Water	15 sq mi (40 km2)  1.9%
Population  (2020)
• Total	10,974
• Density	14/sq mi (5.5/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	8th

Wayne County is a county located in the Ozark foothills in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,974. ^[1] The county seat is Greenville. ^[2] The county was officially organized on December 11, 1818, and is named after General "Mad" Anthony Wayne, who served in the American Revolution. ^[3] As of August 28, 2023, Wayne County is designated the UFO Capital of Missouri, along with the city of Piedmont. ^[4]

History

Wayne County was created in December 1818 by the last Missouri Territorial Legislature from portions of Cape Girardeau and Lawrence counties. Wayne County thus actually predates statehood. In March 1819, Congress established the Territory of Arkansas, and most of Lawrence County became Lawrence County, Arkansas Territory. The small strip that had been excluded was added to Wayne County by the Missouri State Constitution of 1820. The Osage Strip on the Kansas border was added in 1825. Between 1825 and 1831, Wayne County was actually larger than the states of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Delaware combined. All or part of 32 present Missouri counties once belonged to Wayne County. Despite its size, the Census of 1820 revealed that Wayne County had a total population of just 1,239 white inhabitants and 204 African American slaves.

When Wayne County was formed in 1818, the territorial legislature appointed five commissioners to govern it. They chose a small settlement called Cedar Cabin on the St. Francis River to be the county seat. Renamed Greenville, it had grown to about 1,000 by the turn of the 20th century. By 1940, however, the population had declined to 572. In 1941, the remaining inhabitants were forced to relocate because of the construction of Lake Wappapello. This new town's population had fallen to 270 in 1950, but has now increased to about 563.

The Wayne County Courthouse was destroyed by a fire in 1854. In 1866, the records in new courthouse were stolen, and in 1892 the courthouse again burned down. Thus few county records survive from that time.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 774 square miles (2,000 km²), of which 759 square miles (1,970 km²) is land and 15 square miles (39 km²) (1.9%) is water. ^[5]

The most populous community in Wayne County is Piedmont with a population of 2,401 people, ^[6] followed by Greenville with 563 and Williamsville with 386.

Adjacent counties

• Madison County (north)
• Bollinger County (east)
• Stoddard County (southeast)
• Butler County (south)
• Carter County (southwest)
• Reynolds County (west)
• Iron County (northwest)

Major highways

• U.S. Route 67
• Route 34
• Route 49

National protected areas

• Mark Twain National Forest (part)
• Mingo National Wildlife Refuge (part)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1820	1,443		—
1830	3,264		126.2%
1840	3,403		4.3%
1850	4,518		32.8%
1860	5,629		24.6%
1870	6,068		7.8%
1880	9,096		49.9%
1890	11,927		31.1%
1900	15,309		28.4%
1910	15,181		−0.8%
1920	13,012		−14.3%
1930	12,243		−5.9%
1940	12,794		4.5%
1950	10,514		−17.8%
1960	8,638		−17.8%
1970	8,546		−1.1%
1980	11,277		32.0%
1990	11,543		2.4%
2000	13,259		14.9%
2010	13,521		2.0%
2020	10,974		−18.8%
U.S. Decennial Census [7] 1790-1960 [8] 1900-1990 [9] 1990-2000 [10] 2010-2015 [11]

As of the 2010 Census, ^[12] there were 13,521 people, 5,717 households, and 3,850 families residing in the county. The population density was 18 people per square mile (6.9 people/km²). There were 8,083 housing units at an average density of 11 units per square mile (4.2/km²).

The racial makeup of the county was 97% White, 0.7% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0% Pacific Islander, 0% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. 1.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. According to the 2000 Census, the most common first ancestries reported in Wayne County were 32.9% American, 15.0% German, 11.9% English, 11.7% Irish, 3.0% French (excluding Basque), 2.0% Dutch and 2.0% Italian.

There were 5,717 households, out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were husband-wife families. 32.7% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 19, 5% from 20 to 24, 14.2%% from 25 to 39, 36.4% from 40 to 64, and 21.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.8 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,954, and the median income for a family was $39,419. Males had a median income of $26,048 versus $18,250 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,378. About 15.8% of families and 23% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.9% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2000), Wayne County is a part of the Bible Belt with evangelical Protestantism being the majority religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Wayne County who adhere to a religion are Southern Baptists (62.76%), Methodists (10.08%), and Roman Catholics (7.07%).

2020 Census

Wayne County Racial Composition ^[13]

Race	Num.	Perc.
White (NH)	10,093	92%
Black or African American (NH)	50	0.45%
Native American (NH)	67	0.6%
Asian (NH)	23	0.21%
Pacific Islander (NH)	5	0.05%
Other/Mixed (NH)	581	5.3%
Hispanic or Latino	155	1.41%

Politics

Local

The Republican Party dominates politics at the local level in Wayne County and controls all but one county-wide offices.

Wayne County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
Assessor	Tara Smith	Republican
Circuit Clerk	Darren T. Garrison	Republican
County Clerk	Kent Sisco	Republican
Collector	Rhonda Cates	Republican
Commissioner (Presiding)	Brian M. Polk	Republican
Commissioner (District 1)	Doug Wood	Republican
Commissioner (District 2)	Steve Foster	Republican
Coroner	Michael Allen	Republican
Prosecuting Attorney	Michael Anderson	Republican
Public Administrator	Penny Schulz	Republican
Recorder	Cindy Stout	Republican
Sheriff	Dean Finch	Democratic
Treasurer	Amber Sturgeon	Republican

State

Wayne County is divided among two legislative districts in the Missouri House of Representatives.

• District 144 – Currently represented by Chris Dinkins (R)-Lesterville.
• District 153 – Currently represented by Darrell Atchison (R)-Williamsville.

All of Wayne County is a part of Missouri's 27th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Holly Thompson Rehder (R)-Sikeston.

Missouri Senate – District 27 – Wayne County (2020) ^[14]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Holly Rehder	4,684	82.81%
	Democratic	Donnie Owens	972	17.19%

Missouri Senate – District 27 – Wayne County (2016) ^[14]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Wayne Wallingford	3,956	73.60%
	Democratic	Donnie Owens	1,419	26.40%

Past Gubernatorial Elections Results

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third Parties
2020	82.60%4,801	15.50% 900	1.60% 93
2016	72.00%4,098	25.00% 1,425	1.40% 80
2012	46.82% 2,642	50.77%2,865	2.41% 136
2008	44.62% 2,727	53.49%3,269	1.88% 115
2004	58.84%3,649	39.86% 2,472	1.31% 81
2000	51.84%3,008	46.25% 2,684	1.92% 111
1996	42.84% 2,421	55.11%3,114	2.05% 116
1992	42.65% 2,493	57.35%3,352	2.05% 116
1988	60.16%3,047	39.76% 2,014	0.08% 4
1984	53.79%2,787	46.21% 2,394	0.00% 0
1980	51.05%2,769	48.89% 2,652	0.06% 3
1976	49.37% 2,428	50.61%2,489	0.02% 1

Federal

Wayne County is included in Missouri's 8th Congressional District and is currently represented by Jason T. Smith (R-Salem) in the U.S. House of Representatives. Smith won a special election on Tuesday, June 4, 2013, to finish out the remaining term of U.S. Representative Jo Ann Emerson (R-Cape Girardeau). Emerson announced her resignation a month after being reelected with over 70 percent of the vote in the district. She resigned to become CEO of the National Rural Electric Cooperative.

U.S. House of Representatives - District 8 – Wayne County (2012)

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Jo Ann Emerson	4,232	74.65	+5.61
	Democratic	Jack Rushin	1,311	23.13	-4.40
	Libertarian	Rick Vandeven	126	2.22	+1.07

U.S. House of Representatives - District 8 - Special Election – Wayne County (2013)

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Jason T. Smith	817	56.34
	Democratic	Steve Hodges	332	22.90
	Constitution	Doug Enyart	278	19.17
	Libertarian	Bill Slantz	23	1.59

U.S. House of Representatives - District 8 – Wayne County (2020) ^[15]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Jason T. Smith	4,823	84.20
	Democratic	Kathy Ellis	821	14.30
	Libertarian	Tom Schmitz	85	1.50

Political culture

United States presidential election results for Wayne County, Missouri ^[16]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	4,987	84.84%	845	14.38%	46	0.78%
2016	4,658	80.84%	948	16.45%	156	2.71%
2012	3,790	66.26%	1,813	31.70%	117	2.05%
2008	3,784	61.49%	2,243	36.45%	127	2.06%
2004	3,919	63.17%	2,250	36.27%	35	0.56%
2000	3,346	57.22%	2,387	40.82%	115	1.97%
1996	2,172	38.45%	2,754	48.75%	723	12.80%
1992	2,101	34.91%	3,073	51.05%	845	14.04%
1988	2,648	51.80%	2,456	48.04%	8	0.16%
1984	2,867	54.82%	2,363	45.18%	0	0.00%
1980	2,823	51.86%	2,549	46.82%	72	1.32%
1976	1,963	39.59%	2,987	60.25%	8	0.16%
1972	3,091	63.90%	1,746	36.10%	0	0.00%
1968	2,156	47.79%	1,714	38.00%	641	14.21%
1964	2,019	40.19%	3,005	59.81%	0	0.00%
1960	3,069	58.78%	2,152	41.22%	0	0.00%
1956	2,513	50.62%	2,451	49.38%	0	0.00%
1952	2,423	49.08%	2,500	50.64%	14	0.28%
1948	1,937	41.80%	2,695	58.16%	2	0.04%
1944	2,171	49.92%	2,169	49.87%	9	0.21%
1940	2,735	47.66%	2,991	52.12%	13	0.23%
1936	2,494	43.41%	3,235	56.31%	16	0.28%
1932	1,955	37.82%	3,172	61.37%	42	0.81%
1928	2,662	56.82%	2,011	42.92%	12	0.26%
1924	1,958	44.11%	2,283	51.43%	198	4.46%
1920	2,380	52.28%	2,072	45.52%	100	2.20%
1916	1,528	47.32%	1,594	49.37%	107	3.31%
1912	1,052	35.46%	1,432	48.26%	483	16.28%
1908	1,554	47.11%	1,641	49.74%	104	3.15%
1904	1,678	50.38%	1,567	47.04%	86	2.58%
1900	1,648	48.09%	1,745	50.92%	34	0.99%
1896	1,418	47.14%	1,568	52.13%	22	0.73%
1892	964	39.85%	1,393	57.59%	62	2.56%
1888	1,001	41.13%	1,428	58.67%	5	0.21%

At the presidential level, Wayne County was traditionally a fairly independent county or battleground, though in recent years the county has become strongly Republican. President Donald Trump received a record 85% of the vote in 2020, building on his former record of 81% he set, in 2016. Bill Clinton also carried the county both times in 1992 and 1996, and since that point the county has been solidly Republican to Extremely Republican. Like many rural counties in Missouri and throughout the United States in 2008, voters in Wayne County favored John McCain over Barack Obama, and favored Mitt Romney by a significantly larger margin in 2012.

In 2004, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to define marriage as the union between a man and a woman—it overwhelmingly passed Wayne County with 87.75 percent of the vote. The initiative passed the state with 71 percent of support from voters as Missouri became the first state to ban same-sex marriage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to fund and legalize embryonic stem cell research in the state—it failed in Wayne County with 55.15 percent voting against the measure. The initiative narrowly passed the state with 51 percent of support from voters as Missouri became one of the first states in the nation to approve embryonic stem cell research. Despite Wayne County's longstanding tradition of supporting socially conservative platforms, voters in the county have a penchant for advancing populist causes like increasing the minimum wage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a proposition (Proposition B) to increase the minimum wage in the state to $6.50 an hour—it passed Wayne County with 77.36 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri with 75.94 percent voting in favor as the minimum wage was increased to $6.50 an hour in the state. During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.

Missouri presidential preference primary (2008)

Main articles: 2008 Missouri Democratic presidential primary and 2008 Missouri Republican presidential primary

In the 2008 presidential primary, voters in Wayne County from both political parties supported candidates who finished in second place in the state at large and nationally.

Former U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton (D-New York) received more votes, a total of 1,458, than any candidate from either party in Wayne County during the 2008 presidential primary. Wayne County was Clinton's second best county in Missouri; her only better result was in Dunklin County.

Education

Of all adults 25 years of age and older in Wayne County, 87% possessed a high school diploma or higher while 30.3% had a bachelor's degree or higher as their highest educational attainment.

Public schools

• Clearwater R-I School District - Piedmont
  • Clearwater Elementary School (PK-04)
  • Clearwater Middle School (05-08)
  • Clearwater High School (09-12)
• Greenville R-II School District - Greenville
  • Williamsville Elementary School (PK-06) - Williamsville
  • Greenville Elementary School (PK-06)
  • Greenville Jr. High School (07-08)
  • Greenville High School (09-12)

Private schools

• Victory Baptist Academy - Piedmont - (PK-11) - Baptist
• New Hope Christian Academy - Silva - (PK-12) - General Baptist

Public libraries

• Piedmont Public Library ^[17]
• Greenville Community Library Greenville, Missouri

Communities

Cities

• Greenville (county seat)
• Piedmont
• Williamsville

Village

• Mill Spring

Unincorporated communities

• Brunot
• Bull Run Camp
• Burbank
• Burch
• Cascade
• Clubb
• Coldwater
• Dees Town
• Gaylor
• Gravelton
• Hiram
• Ladero
• Leeper
• Lodi
• Lowndes
• McGee
• Patterson
• Shook
• Silva
• Virginia Settlement
• Wappapello

Ghost towns

• Barlow

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County, Missouri

References

1. "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
3. Eaton, David Wolfe (1918). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. p. 370.
4. "10.247". revisor.mo.gov. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
5. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
6. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". factfinder.census.gov. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
7. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
8. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
9. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
10. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
11. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
12. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Community Facts". factfinder.census.gov. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
13. "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Wayne County, Missouri".
14. "Our Campaigns - MO State Senate 27 Race - Nov 03, 2020". www.ourcampaigns.com.
15. "Missouri Election Results: Eighth Congressional District". The New York Times. November 3, 2020.
16. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
17. Breeding, Marshall. "Piedmont Public Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.

External links

• Digitized 1930 Plat Book of Wayne County Archived August 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine from University of Missouri Division of Special Collections, Archives, and Rare Books

37°07′N90°28′W / 37.11°N 90.46°W / 37.11; -90.46