1112 Polonia

Last updated

1112 Polonia
Discovery [1]
Discovered by P. Shajn
Discovery site Simeiz Obs.
Discovery date15 August 1928
Designations
(1112) Polonia
Pronunciation /poʊˈloʊniə/ [2]
Named after
 Poland
(European country) [3]
1928 PE ·1933 PA
A908 XA
main-belt [1] [4]  ·(outer)
Eos [5] [6]
Orbital characteristics [4]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 89.20 yr (32,582 d)
Aphelion 3.3423 AU
Perihelion 2.6963 AU
3.0193 AU
Eccentricity 0.1070
5.25 yr (1,916 d)
326.70°
0° 11m 16.44s / day
Inclination 8.9911°
302.86°
87.361°
Physical characteristics
35.76±1.6  km [7]
37.55±0.60 km [8]
39.661±0.334 km [9]
47.058±0.368 km [10]
82.5±0.5  h [11] [a]
0.0763±0.0097 [10]
0.097±0.023 [9]
0.128±0.005 [8]
0.1319±0.012 [7]
S (Tholen) [4]
L (SDSS-MOC) [12]
B–V = 0.797 [4]
U–B = 0.447 [4]
10.05 [4] [6] [7] [8] [10]

    1112 Polonia, provisional designation 1928 PE, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 38 kilometers (24 miles) in diameter. Discovered by Soviet astronomer Pelageya Shajn at Simeiz in 1928, [1] it was the first asteroid discovery made by a woman. [3] The L-type asteroid has a long rotation period of 82.5 hours, [6] and was named for the country of Poland. [3]

    Contents

    Discovery

    Polonia was first observed as A908 XA at the German Heidelberg Observatory in December 1908. It was officially discovered on 15 August 1928, by Soviet astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. [1] On the following night at Simeis, it was independently discovered by her college Grigory Neujmin. [3] The Minor Planet Center only recognized the first discoverer. [1]

    Polonia was Shajn's first discovery; and the first asteroid discovery made by a woman, [3] bringing a long-standing tradition – which began with the discovery of 1 Ceres in 1801 – of more than a thousand minor planet discoveries exclusively made by male astronomers, to an end.

    Orbit and classification

    Polonia is a core member of the Eos family ( 606 ), [5] [6] the largest asteroid family of the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 asteroids. [13]

    It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.3  AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,916 days; semi-major axis of 3.02 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic. [4] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Simeiz in 1928. [1]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Polonia is a common, stony S-type asteroid. [4] In the more refined SDSS-based taxonomy, it is characterized as an uncommon L-type, [12] which is similar to a K-type, the overall spectral type of the Eoan asteroids. [13] : 23 

    Rotation period

    In October 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Polonia was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado. Lightcurve analysis gave a long rotation period of 82.5 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.20 magnitude ( U=2 ). [6] [11] [a] The asteroid's long period is close to that of a slow rotator.

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Polonia measures between 35.76 and 47.058 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0763 and 0.1319. [7] [8] [9] [10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.1319 and a diameter of 35.76 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.05. [6]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named "Polonia", the Latin name for the European country of Poland. It is the first minor planet discovery made by a woman. The naming was proposed by L. Matkiewicz, an astronomer of Polish origin, who calculated the body's orbit. The official citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ( H 104 ). [3]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 Lightcurve plot of 1(1112) Polonia, Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2007). Rotation period 82.5±0.5 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.20±0.03 mag. Quality code is 2. Summary figures at the LCDB.

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1030 Vitja</span> Dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt

    1030 Vitja, provisional designation 1924 RQ, is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 25 May 1924, by Soviet–Russian astronomer Vladimir Albitsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named in honor of Viktor Zaslavskij (1925–1944), a relative of the discoverer.

    1031 Arctica, provisional designation 1924 RR, is a dark asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 75 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 June 1924, by Soviet−Russian astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. It was named for the Arctic Sea.

    1057 Wanda, provisional designation 1925 QB, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 43 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Grigory Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory in 1925, and later named after Polish–Soviet writer Wanda Wasilewska. The asteroid has a rotation period of 28.8 hours.

    1074 Beljawskya, provisional designation 1925 BE, is a Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 48 kilometers in diameter.

    1099 Figneria, provisional designation 1928 RQ, is an asteroid from the background population of the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory in 1928, the asteroid was later named after Russian revolutionary activist Vera Figner.

    1113 Katja, provisional designation 1928 QC, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 39 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory in 1928, and named after Ekaterina Iosko, a staff member at the discovering observatory.

    1120 Cannonia, provisional designation 1928 RV, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Pelageya Shajn at Simeiz in 1928, it was named after American astronomer Annie Jump Cannon.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1121 Natascha</span> Main-belt asteroid

    1121 Natascha is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 11 September 1928, by Soviet astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The presumed S-type asteroid has rotation period of 13.2 hours and measures approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was named for Natasha Tichomirova, daughter of astronomer Grigory Neujmin.

    1124 Stroobantia, provisional designation 1928 TB, is a metallic asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 25 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 October 1928, by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at Uccle Observatory in Belgium. It is named for astronomer Paul Stroobant.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1140 Crimea</span> Stony asteroid

    1140 Crimea, provisional designation 1929 YC, is a stony asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 28 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 December 1929, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula, after which it was named.

    1166 Sakuntala, provisional designation 1930 MA, is a stony background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Praskovjya Parchomenko at Simeiz Observatory in 1930, the asteroid was named after the figure of Shakuntala from an ancient Indian drama.

    2531 Cambridge, provisional designation 1980 LD, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 June 1980, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station in Arizona, United States. The asteroid was named for the "centers of learning in England and in Massachusetts".

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1390 Abastumani</span>

    1390 Abastumani is a very large and dark background asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 3 October 1935, by Russian astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The primitive P-type asteroid has a rotation period of 17.1 hours and measures approximately 101 kilometers in diameter. It was named for the Georgian town of Abastumani.

    1309 Hyperborea is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 57 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 October 1931, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula, and given the provisional designation 1931 TO. The asteroid was named after Hyperborea, the northern homeland of a Greek mythical race of giants.

    1605 Milankovitch, provisional designation 1936 GA, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 31 kilometers in diameter. It was named after Serbian scientist Milutin Milanković.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1369 Ostanina</span> Dark and elongated asteroid of the Meliboea family

    1369 Ostanina is a dark and elongated asteroid of the Meliboea family, located in the outer region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 27 August 1935, by Soviet astronomer Pelageya Shajn at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The hydrated carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 8.4 hours and measures approximately 42 kilometers in diameter. It was named for the Russian village of Ostanin, birthplace of the discoverer.

    1190 Pelagia, provisional designation 1930 SL, is a dark Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 September 1930, by Soviet–Georgian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after astronomer Pelageya Shajn.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1186 Turnera</span> Eoan asteroid

    1186 Turnera, provisional designation 1929 PL, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 36 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 August 1929, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was later named after British astronomer Herbert Hall Turner.

    1734 Zhongolovich, provisional designation 1928 TJ, is a carbonaceous Dorian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 28 kilometers in diameter.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1289 Kutaïssi</span> Stony Koronian asteroid

    1289 Kutaïssi is a stony Koronian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt. Discovered by Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory in 1933, it was later named after the Georgian city of Kutaisi. The S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.6 hours and measures approximately 22 kilometers in diameter.

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1112 Polonia (1928 PE)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
    2. ↑ "Polonia" . Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press.(Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1112) Polonia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 94. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1113. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1112 Polonia (1928 PE)" (2017-10-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 29 May 2018.
    5. 1 2 "Asteroid 1112 Polonia". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
    6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "LCDB Data for (1112) Polonia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 29 May 2018.
    7. 1 2 3 4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T . Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv: 1406.6645 . Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID   119293330.
    10. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv: 1109.6407 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID   35447010. (catalog)
    11. 1 2 Warner, Brian D. (June 2008). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: September-December 2007". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (2): 67–71. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35...67W. ISSN   1052-8091.
    12. 1 2 Carvano, J. M.; Hasselmann, P. H.; Lazzaro, D.; Mothé-Diniz, T. (February 2010). "SDSS-based taxonomic classification and orbital distribution of main belt asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 510: 12. Bibcode:2010A&A...510A..43C. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/200913322 . Retrieved 30 October 2019. (PDS data set)
    13. 1 2 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   9780816532131. S2CID   119280014.
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.