1820 in New Zealand

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 1820
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The following lists events that happened during 1820 in New Zealand.

Contents

Incumbents

Regal and viceregal

Any reference to New Zealand in a legal rather than geographic sense prior to 1840 is complex and unclear. When the British colony of New South Wales was founded in 1788 it nominally included New Zealand as far as 43°39'S (approximately halfway down the South Island).

Events

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Births

Undated
Approximate

Deaths

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musket Wars</span> Armed conflicts between Māori tribes in New Zealand before 1845

The Musket Wars were a series of as many as 3,000 battles and raids fought throughout New Zealand among Māori between 1806 and 1845, after Māori first obtained muskets and then engaged in an intertribal arms race in order to gain territory or seek revenge for past defeats. The battles resulted in the deaths of between 20,000 and 40,000 people and the enslavement of tens of thousands of Māori and significantly altered the rohe, or tribal territorial boundaries, before the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. The Musket Wars reached their peak in the 1830s, with smaller conflicts between iwi continuing until the mid-1840s; some historians argue the New Zealand Wars were a continuation of the Musket Wars. The increased use of muskets in intertribal warfare led to changes in the design of pā fortifications, which later benefited Māori when engaged in battles with colonial forces during the New Zealand Wars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ngāti Whātua</span> Māori iwi in New Zealand

Ngāti Whātua is a Māori iwi (tribe) of the lower Northland Peninsula of New Zealand's North Island. It comprises a confederation of four hapū (subtribes) interconnected both by ancestry and by association over time: Te Uri-o-Hau, Te Roroa, Te Taoū, and Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei. The four hapū can act together or separately as independent tribes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Māngere</span> Suburb in Auckland, New Zealand

Māngere is a major suburb in South Auckland, New Zealand, located on mainly flat land on the northeastern shore of the Manukau Harbour, to the northwest of Manukau City Centre and 15 kilometres south of the Auckland city centre. It is the location of Auckland Airport, which lies close to the harbour's edge to the south of the suburb.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pōtatau Te Wherowhero</span> First Māori king

Pōtatau Te Wherowhero was a Māori rangatira who reigned as the inaugural Māori King from 1858 until his death. A powerful nobleman and a leader of the Waikato iwi of the Tainui confederation, he was the founder of the Te Wherowhero royal dynasty. His 1858 coronation followed years of efforts to create the Kīngitanga, a Māori monarchy intended as an equivalent of the British monarchy, and to foster Māori nationalism against settler encroachment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hongi Hika</span> New Zealand Māori chief

Hongi Hika was a New Zealand Māori rangatira (chief) and war leader of the iwi of Ngāpuhi. He was a pivotal figure in the early years of regular European contact and settlement in New Zealand. As one of the first Māori leaders to understand the advantages of European muskets in warfare, he used European weapons to overrun much of northern New Zealand in the early nineteenth century Musket Wars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Kendall</span> New Zealand missionary

Thomas Kendall was a schoolmaster, an early missionary to Māori people in New Zealand, and a recorder of the Māori language. An evangelical Anglican, he and his family were in the first group of missionaries to New Zealand, accompanied to the Bay of Islands by Samuel Marsden in December 1814 and settling there. He wrote the first book in Māori, published in 1815. By 1821 he felt it necessary to accede to local Māori demands for guns in order to ensure their continued protection of the mission, and the Church Missionary Society dismissed him in 1822 for gun dealing. Marsden visited New Zealand to dismiss him in person in 1823, after learning that he had committed adultery with a Māori woman. Kendall left New Zealand in 1825 and died in a ship sinking in Australia in 1832.

The following lists events that happened during 1832 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1830 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1827 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1825 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1822 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1821 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1819 in New Zealand.

The following lists events that happened during 1818 in New Zealand.

The first Christian mission is established at Rangihoua. The Hansen family, the first non-missionary family also settles there. Samuel Marsden explores the Hauraki Gulf and travels to within sight of Tauranga Harbour. The first book in Māori is published in Sydney. The first European is born in New Zealand.

With the purchase of a vessel by Samuel Marsden for use by the Church Missionary Society at the beginning of the year the establishment of a mission in New Zealand is at last possible. After a preliminary scouting trip Marsden and the missionaries arrive at the end of the year and the first mission is begun at Rangihoua Bay in the Bay of Islands.

As sealing at Bass Strait and the Antipodes Islands declines, Foveaux Strait becomes the focus for sealers from the middle of the year. The Bounty and Auckland Islands are also visited. Whaling is carried out on the east coast of New Zealand with the Bay of Islands being the usual port of call for provisioning. As many as nine ships whaling together for months at a time can occur. The behaviour of the whalers at the Bay of Islands is again commented on unfavourably, this time by a former missionary on one of the whaling ships. There are also a number of vessels collecting sandalwood from Tonga or Fiji; the majority call at the Bay of Islands en route.

There is a new sealing rush to the Bounty and Auckland Islands. Sealing also continues at Bass Strait and the Antipodes Islands. Foveaux Strait is a frequent stop for these sealing ships. Whaling continues off the east coast of the North Island. Ships are now visiting the Bay of Islands on a reasonably regular basis. The first reports about the poor behaviour of visiting ship's crew are sent to the Church Missionary Society in London.

Ruatara was chief of the New Zealand Māori tribe Ngāpuhi. He introduced European crops to New Zealand and was host to the first Christian missionary, Samuel Marsden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apihai Te Kawau</span> New Zealand Māori paramount chief (died 1869)

Apihai Te Kawau was a paramount chief of the Ngāti Whātua Māori iwi (tribe) of Auckland, New Zealand in the 19th century.

References

  1. ↑ Dictionary of Australian Biography: Lachlan Macquarie
  2. ↑ Dictionary of Australian Biography Sir Thomas Brisbane
  3. 1 2 3 Parsonson, G. S. "Marsden, Samuel 1765–1838". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  4. ↑ "Early European Visits to NZ". Archived from the original on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 15 October 2007.
  5. 1 2 New Zealand Encyclopaedia 1966: Thomas Kendall Biography
  6. 1 2 Binney, Judith. "Kendall, Thomas 1778?–1832". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  7. ↑ Ballara, Angela. "Hongi Hika 1772–1828". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  8. ↑ New Zealand Encyclopaedia 1966: Hongi Hika Biography
  9. ↑ Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p.185.
  10. ↑ Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p.169.
  11. ↑ Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p. 237.
  12. ↑ Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p. 242
  13. 1 2 Oliver, Steven. "Te Rauparaha ?–1849". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  14. ↑ "Tauranga History Timeline". Archived from the original on 14 January 2006. Retrieved 15 October 2007.
  15. ↑ Oliver, Steven. "Te Wherowhero, Potatau ?–1860". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  16. ↑ Oliver, Steven. "Te Pehi Kupe ?–1828". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  17. ↑ Sorrenson, M. P. K. "Mantell, Walter Baldock Durrant 1820 – 1895". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  18. ↑ Hall, D.O.W. (1966). "WAKEFIELD, Edward Jerningham". from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock. Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  19. ↑ No Mean City by Stuart Perry (1969, Wellington City Council)
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC   154283103.
  21. ↑ Marr, Cathy. "Mackenzie, James 1820? – ?". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  22. ↑ Fitzgerald, Michael. "Heaphy, Charles 1820 – 1881". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  23. ↑ Dalziel, Raewyn. "Müller, Mary Ann". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  24. ↑ O'Brian, P. 1987 Joseph Banks: A Life Collins Harvill ISBN   0-00-217350-6
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