 |
|---|
| Constitution |
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 22 November 1822. [1] The elections were the only vote held under the 1822 constitution, which provided for a unicameral legislature. [2]
| |
|---|
| Constitution |
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 22 November 1822. [1] The elections were the only vote held under the 1822 constitution, which provided for a unicameral legislature. [2]
The Liberal Revolution of 1820 would lead to the 1820 Portuguese elections and to the Constituent Cortes of 1820. [3] The Constituent Cortes would approve the Portuguese Constitution of 1822, [3] along with alterations to the electoral system that would be implemented in 1822. [4]
Unlike in 1820, when an indirect system was used, members of the new 118-seat legislature were elected directly by secret vote according to the electoral law passed on 11 July 1822; [1] [2] 111 were elected from multi-member constituencies (102 on the mainland and 9 on islands) with between three and six seats, with an additional seven single-member constituencies representing overseas colonies. [1] [5]
A two-round system was used, with candidates needing to receive at least 50% of the vote in the first round to be elected; in the second round only a plurality was required. [5]
All men over the age of 25 were enfranchised except members of religious orders, servants, vagabonds and those still dependent on their parents. [2] Men who were married, serving in the military, had graduated from university or were part of the secular clergy were allowed to vote if they were aged 20 or over. [2] In comparison with the previous election of 1820, this election would also restrict voting rights to the literate. [6]
| Province | Electoral districts [4] | Number of deputies [4] |
|---|---|---|
| Minho | Arcos de Valdevez, Barcelos, Braga, Guimarães, Penafiel, Porto | 25 |
| Trás-os-Montes | Bragança, Vila Real | 9 |
| Beira | Arganil, Aveiro, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Feira, Guarda, Lamego, Trancoso, Viseu | 32 |
| Estremadura | Alenquer, Leiria, Lisboa, Setúbal, Tomar | 23 |
| Alentejo | Beja, Évora, Portalegre | 9 |
| Algarve | Faro | 4 |
| Outside of mainland Portugal | ||
| Adjacent Islands | Madeira (3) and Açores (3) | 6 |
| Brasil | Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Pará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Negro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo | 39 |
| Colonies | Angola (1), Cabo Verde (2), São Tomé e Príncipe (1), Moçambique (1), Goa (1), Macau, Timor e Solor (1) | 7 |
The Vilafrancada (27 May 1823) would mark the beginning of the end of the 1822 constitution and a return to absolutism. [4] The parliament held its last session on 2 June 1823, when it approved a declaration against any change to the 1822 constitution. [7] Two days later, John VI of Portugal signs a letter declaring that the constitution needs reform and later summons the Portuguese Cortes. The Septembrism movement would reinstate the 1822 constitution (12 September 1836 - 4 April 1838). [7]
Elections in Bolivia gives information on elections and election results in Bolivia.
Bulgaria elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term directly by the people. The National Assembly has 240 members elected for a four-year term by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies with a 4% threshold. Bulgaria has a multi-party system in which often no one party has a chance of gaining power alone and parties must work with each to form governments.
The present Constitution of Portugal was adopted in 1976 after the Carnation Revolution. It was preceded by a number of constitutions including the first one created in 1822, 1826, 1838, 1911, and 1933.
Federal elections were held in Germany on 19 January 1919, although members of the standing army in the east did not vote until 2 February. The elections were the first of the new Weimar Republic, which had been established after World War I and the Revolution of 1918–19, and the first with women's suffrage. The previous constituencies, which heavily overrepresented rural areas, were scrapped, and the elections held using a form of proportional representation. The voting age was also lowered from 25 to 20. Austrian citizens living in Germany were allowed to vote, with German citizens living in Austria being allowed to vote in the February 1919 Constitutional Assembly elections.
The 1977 Spanish general election was held on Wednesday, 15 June 1977, to elect the Spanish Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as all 207 seats in the Senate.
The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was a pluricontinental monarchy formed by the elevation of the Portuguese colony named State of Brazil to the status of a kingdom and by the simultaneous union of that Kingdom of Brazil with the Kingdom of Portugal and the Kingdom of the Algarves, constituting a single state consisting of three kingdoms.
Elections for the Constituent Assembly were held in Denmark on 5 October 1848. Of the 158 seats in the Assembly, 114 were elected and 44 appointed by the King. An additional 31 candidates were to come from the Duchy of Schleswig but were not elected due to the First Schleswig War.
The 1923 Spanish general election was held on Sundays, 29 April and 13 May 1923, to elect the 20th Restoration Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain. All 409 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate.
The 1905 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 10 September and on Sunday, 24 September 1905, to elect the 12th Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain in the Restoration period. All 404 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate.
The 1886 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 4 April and on Sunday, 25 April 1886, to elect the 4th Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain in the Restoration period. All 434 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate. The electorate comprised about 4.6% of the country's population.
The 1876 Spanish general election was held from Thursday, 20 January to Sunday, 23 January 1876 and from Tuesday, 1 February to Friday, 4 February 1876, to elect the Constituent Restoration Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain. All 406 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as all 196 seats in the Senate. In the Canary Islands the election was held from 28 to 31 January, and in Puerto Rico it was held from 15 to 18 February. On 5 April 1877, another election to the Senate was held.
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Portugal on 28 May 1911, following a coup in October 1910. The result was a victory for the Portuguese Republican Party, which won 229 of the 234 seats.
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal between 10 and 27 December 1820. They followed the Liberal Revolution on 24 August. These were the first parliamentary elections in Portugal. This election aimed to form assemblies in three levels: parochial, provincial, and the Constituent Cortes of 1820.
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 8 and 17 October 1826.
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 17 and 31 July 1836.
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 20 November 1836.
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 12 August and 12 September 1838.
The Constituent Cortes of 1820, formal title The General and Extraordinary Cortes of the Portuguese Nation, also frequently known as the Sovereign Congress or the Cortes Constituintes Vintistas, was the first modern Portuguese parliament. Created after the Liberal Revolution of 1820 to prepare a constitution for Portugal and its overseas territories, it used a different system from the traditional General Cortes for choosing representatives, and the three traditional feudal estates no longer sat separately. The Cortes sat between January 24, 1821 and November 4, 1822 at the Palácio das Necessidades in Lisbon. The work of the Constitutional Cortes culminated in the approval of the Portuguese Constitution of 1822.
The Portuguese Constitution of 1822 approved on 23 September 1822 was the first Portuguese constitution, marking an attempt to end absolutism and introduce a constitutional monarchy. Although it was actually in force only for two brief periods, 1822–23 and 1836–38, it was fundamental to the history of democracy in Portugal. It was replaced by the Constitutional Charter of 1826.
The Political Constitution of the Portuguese Monarchy(Constituição Política da Monarquia Portuguesa) of 1838 was the third Portuguese constitution.
| Presidential elections | |
|---|---|
| Parliamentary elections |
|
| Constituent Assembly elections | |
| Local elections | |
| European elections | |
| Referendums | |
| |
