The 1830 general election was an election to the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the French Parliament. The first round was held on 5 and 13 July 1830, the second round on 19 July.
The Chamber was constituted by the Charter of 1814 and deputies were elected for five years, with one-fifth to be re-elected each year.
The voting method, which was used for the last time, was the Loi du double vote ("double voting") as defined in June 1820, combining single-member districts for three-fifths of the deputies, elected by 94,000 registered voters, with at-large voting in each of the departments of France for the remaining seats. This meant that many men could vote twice.[1]
The election of 1830 was organized during the reign of Charles X of France, but the work of the Chamber proved to be almost entirely under the new July Monarchy, which it created.
The election returned a narrow majority for Polignac and his Ultra-royalists, but many members were nevertheless hostile to the king.
On 25 July, by the July Ordinances, which were published the next day, Charles X of France attempted to dissolve the Chamber of Deputies. However, this led to the July Revolution, and as a result of the king's abdication on 2 August, the Chamber was able to proclaim his cousin Louis-Philippe of Orleans as king and continued its term.
The mixed "double voting" system was abolished by the Charter of 1830, adopted on 14 August 1830, which greatly broadened the electorate and established single-member districts only.[1]
More than a fifth of the seats in the Chamber (119) were made subject to by-elections in October 1830, leading to the defeat of many Ultra-royalists.
Sources
1 2 Bernard Gaudillère, Atlas historique des circonscriptions électorales françaises (Geneva: Librairie Droz, 1995, ISBN2-600-00065-8), pp. 10–11
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