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Legislative elections are scheduled to be held in France by 2029 to elect all 577 members of the 18th National Assembly of the Fifth French Republic. [1] However, given the current political crisis, a dissolution of the National Assembly is envisaged either in 2025 or in 2027 after the Presidential Election. [2] [3] [ needs update ]
Article 12 of the French Constitution grants the President of France the authority to dissolve the National Assembly after consultations with the Prime Minister and the presidents of the Assembly and the Senate. [4] Voting must be held between 20 and 40 days after the declaration of the dissolution. Since the establishment of the Fifth Republic in 1958, this article has been invoked six times by four Presidents: 1962 and 1968 by Charles de Gaulle. 1981 and 1988 by François Mitterrand. 1997 by Jacques Chirac, and most recently in 2024 by Emmanuel Macron [5]
The 2024 elections resulted in a hung parliament and a minority government led by Michel Barnier after being appointed by President Emmanuel Macron, with François Bayrou being appointed as the new prime minister in December 2024 after Barnier's government collapsed following a no-confidence vote.
The absence of a stable majority means the current government constantly lives under the threat of a vote of no confidence as well as losing parliamentary votes, leading to speculations of snap elections taking place well ahead of 2029. [6] [7] [8]
The 577 members of the National Assembly, known as deputies, are elected for five years by a two-round system in single-member constituencies. A candidate who receives an absolute majority of valid votes and a vote total greater than 25% of the registered electorate is elected in the first round. If no candidate reaches this threshold, a runoff election is held between the top two candidates plus any other candidate who received a vote total greater than 12.5% of registered voters. The candidate who receives the most votes in the second round is elected. [9]
| Polling firm | Fieldwork date | Sample size | EXG | NFP | DVG | ECO | ENS | DVC | LR | DVD | DLF | RN and allies | REC | Others | Lead | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LFI | LE | PCF | PS | UDR | RN | ||||||||||||||
| Ifop [10] | 29 Aug–1 Sep 2025 | 1,369 | 1% | 25% | 5% | – | 15% | – | 13% | 2% | 1.5% | 33% | 4% | 0.5% | 8% | ||||
| 1% | 11% | 15% | 4% | – | 15% | – | 13% | 3% | 1.5% | 32% | 3.5% | 1% | 17% | ||||||
| Elabe [11] | 28–29 Aug 2025 | 1,563 | 2% | 23.5% | 6.5% | – | 14% | – | 10.5% | 2.5% | – | 31.5% | 5% | 4.5% | 8.0% | ||||
| 1.5% | 10% | 16.5% | 5% | – | 13.5% | – | 10.5% | 3% | – | 31% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 14.5% | ||||||
| Elabe [12] | 3–5 Jun 2025 | 1,496 | 2% | 21% | 6.5% | – | 15.5% | – | 10% | 3.5% | – | 32.5% | 3% | 6% | 11.5% | ||||
| 1.5% | 10% | 16% | 3.5% | – | 15.5% | – | 10.5% | 3% | – | 33% | 2.5% | 4.5% | 17% | ||||||
| Ifop [13] | 3–4 Jun 2025 | 1,385 | 0.5% | 21% | 7% | – | 18% | – | 11% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 35% | 2% | 1.5% | 14% | |||
| 1% | 11% | 13% | 4% | – | 18% | – | 11% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 0.5% | 35% | 2% | 1.5% | 17% | |||||
| 0.5% | 9% | 5% | 3% | 12% | 3% | – | 16% | – | 10% | 2% | 1% | 0.5% | 34% | 2.5% | 1.5% | 18% | |||
| Ifop [14] | 5–6 Feb 2025 | 1,377 | 1% | 14% | 13% | 2% | – | 15% | – | 13% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 35% | 3% | 1% | 21% | ||
| 1.5% | 8% | 19% | 2.5% | – | 15% | – | 12% | 1% | 1% | 0.5% | 35% | 3% | 1.5% | 16% | |||||
| Ministry of the Interior | 30 Jun 2024 | — | 1.14% | 28.21% | 1.57% | 0.57% | 21.28% | 1.22% | 6.57% | 3.60% | 0.28% | 3.96% | 29.26% | 0.75% | 1.60% | 1.05% | |||
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