1843 in the United Kingdom

1843 in the United Kingdom

Other years

1841 | 1842 | 1843 (1843) | 1844 | 1845

Constituent countries of the United Kingdom

England | Ireland | Scotland | Wales

Sport

1843 English cricket season

Events from the year 1843 in the United Kingdom .

Incumbents

• Monarch – Victoria
• Prime Minister – Robert Peel (Conservative)
• Foreign Secretary – George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

Events

• January – Quaker magazine The Friend begins publication.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 6 January – Antarctic explorer James Clark Ross discovers Snow Hill Island.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 20 January – Daniel M'Naghten shoots and kills the Prime Minister's private secretary, Edward Drummond, in Whitehall. ^[1]
• 4 March – M'Naghten is found not guilty of murder "by reason of insanity", giving rise to the M'Naghten Rules on criminal responsibility, and subsequently committed to Bethlem Hospital. ^[1]
• 24 March – Battle of Hyderabad: The Bombay Army led by Major General Sir Charles Napier defeats the Talpur Mirs, securing Sindh province for the British Raj.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 25 March – Marc Isambard Brunel's Thames Tunnel, the first tunnel under the River Thames, is opened to pedestrians. ^[2]
• 27 March – decision in Foss v Harbottle , a leading precedent in English corporate law, declares that in any action in which a wrong is alleged to have been done to a company, the proper claimant is the company itself and not individual shareholders. ^[3]
• 4 April – William Wordsworth accepts the office of Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom following the death of Robert Southey on 21 March. ^[4]
• April – Protestant Martyrs' Memorial erected in Oxford. ^{[5] [6]}
• 4 May – Natal proclaimed British colony. ^[7]
• 18 May – the Disruption of the Church of Scotland takes place in Edinburgh.
•  ? May – Blackgang Chine on the Isle of Wight opens as an amusement park.
• 19 July – Isambard Kingdom Brunel's SS Great Britain is launched from Bristol. ^[8]
• 5 August – Sarah Dazley, the last woman to be executed in public in England, is hanged for mariticide outside Bedford Prison.
• 22 August – Theatres Act ends the virtual monopoly on theatrical performances held by the patent theatres, encouraging the development of popular entertainment. ^[7]
• September – Ada Lovelace translates and expands Menabrea's notes on Charles Babbage's analytical engine, including an algorithm for calculating a sequence of Bernoulli numbers, regarded as the world's first computer program. ^{[9] [10] [11]}
• 2 September – The Economist newspaper first published (preliminary issue dated August).
• 1 October – News of the World newspaper first published. ^[2] It will survive until 2011.
• 3–4 November – the statue of Nelson is placed atop Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square, London. ^[2]
• 13 December – Basutoland becomes a British protectorate. ^[7]
• 17 December – publication of Charles Dickens' novella A Christmas Carol by Chapman & Hall in London at his expense. It introduces the character Ebenezer Scrooge. Released on 19 December, the first printing sells out by Christmas Eve ^[12] and inspires charitable giving. ^[13]
• December – the world's first Christmas cards, commissioned by Sir Henry Cole in London from the artist John Callcott Horsley, are sent. ^[14]
• Undated
  • The Albert helmet, devised in 1842 by the Prince Consort, is adopted by the Household Cavalry. ^{[15] [16] [17]}
  • Liverpool Victoria Friendly Society founded as a burial society.
  • Marlborough College founded in Wiltshire for the education of the sons of Church of England clergy.
  • Alfred Bird produces baking powder for the first time, in Birmingham. ^[18]

Publications

• Charles Dickens's novel Martin Chuzzlewit (begins serialisation January) and novella A Christmas Carol .
• John Stuart Mill's book A System of Logic .
• John Ruskin's book Modern Painters , vol. 1.
• Robert Smith Surtees' comic novel Handley Cross.

Births

• 25 April – Princess Alice, member of the royal family (died 1878)
• 30 June – Ernest Satow, diplomat and scholar (died 1929)
• 5 July – Mandell Creighton, historian and Bishop of London (died 1901)
• 4 September – Jabez Balfour, businessman, politician and fraudster (died 1916)

Deaths

• 9 January – William Hedley, inventor and locomotive engineer (born 1779)
• 20 February – Mary Hays, writer and feminist (born 1759)
• 21 March – Robert Southey, poet (born 1774)
• 25 March – Robert Murray M'Cheyne, clergyman (born 1813)
• 21 April – Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex (born 1773)
• 1 June – William Abbot, actor (born 1798)
• 25 July – Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist (born 1766) ^[19]
• 16 August – Henry Acton, Unitarian minister (born 1797)
• 18 December – Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch, Governor-General of India (born 1748)

References

1. Moran, Richard (2004). "McNaughtan, Daniel (1802/3–1865)" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/39433 . Retrieved 2 February 2011.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
2. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN   0-14-102715-0.
3. Slapper, Gary (19 June 2008). "The cases that changed Britain: 1785-1869". The Times . Retrieved 16 June 2011.^{[ dead link ‍]}
4. Pinion, F. B. (1988). A Wordsworth Chronology. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press. p. 201. ISBN   0-333-38860-7.
5. Lewis, Darcy (2006). "Timeline: Oxford". TimeTravel-Britain.com. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
6. "The Martyr's Memorial". Jackson's Oxford Journal. No. 4694. 15 April 1843. p. 3.
7. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 266–267. ISBN   0-7126-5616-2.
8. "Royal Visit". The Bristol Mirror. 20 July 1843. pp. 1–2.
9. Fuegi, John; Francis, Jo (October–December 2003). "Lovelace & Babbage and the creation of the 1843 'notes'". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing . 25 (4): 16–26. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2003.1253887.
10. "Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace". Archived from the original on 21 July 2010. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
11. Menabrea, L. F. (1843). "Sketch of the Analytical Engine Invented by Charles Babbage". Scientific Memoirs . 3. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
12. Dickens, Charles (2006). Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert (ed.). A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books. Oxford world's classics. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-280694-9.
13. The Man Who Invented Christmas (Film). 2017.
14. Buday, György (1992). "The history of the Christmas card". Omnigraphics: 8.
15. Hoare, Nell; et al. (1990). Exploring Museums: The Home Counties. H.M.S.O. p. 104. ISBN   978-0-11-290471-7.
16. Carman, W. Y. (1968). British Military Uniforms from Contemporary Pictures: Henry VII to the Present Day. Arco. p. 132.
17. Rankin, Robert H. (1976). Military Headdress: A Pictorial History of Military Headgear from 1660 to 1914. Arms & Armour Press. p. 64. ISBN   978-0-85368-310-0.
18. Cannon, Matthew (3 November 2014). "Alfred Bird: Egg-free custard inventor and chemist". Birmingham Mail. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
19. Day, Lance; McNeil, Ian (11 September 2002). Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology. Routledge. p. 786. ISBN   978-1-134-65019-4.