1 Kings 5

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1 Kings 5
  chapter 4
chapter 6  
Leningrad-codex-09-kings.pdf
The pages containing the Books of Kings (1 & 2 Kings) Leningrad Codex (1008 CE).
Book First book of Kings
Hebrew Bible part Nevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part4
Category Former Prophets
Christian Bible part Old Testament
Order in the Christian part11

1 Kings 5 is the fifth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. [1] [2] The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. [3] This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel (1 Kings 1 to 11). [4] The focus of this chapter is the reign of Solomon, the king of Israel. [5]

Contents

Text

This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language and since the 16th century is divided into 18 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008). [6]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century). [7] [lower-alpha 1]

Old Testament references

Analysis

The first 12 verses of this chapter continue the section of 1 Kings 4:29–34 to form a chiasm: [10]

A Solomon's wisdom (4:29–34)
B Hiram sends servants to Solomon (5:1)
C Solomon's message to Hiram (5:2–6)
B' Hiram's response to Solomon (5:7–11)
A' Solomon's wisdom (5:12)

Solomon's contract with Hiram of Tyre (5:1–12)

Israel at the time of David was a lowly developed agrarian country, so Solomon needed foreign help for his building projects, as the rest that eluded his father was finally achieved (2 Samuel 7:1, 10–13). [11] [12] The Phoenicians were suitable partners because of their world-wide trading connections, high cultural standards, and the source of large timber in the mountains of Lebanon. Solomon ordered timber shipments and offered compensation not only for the materials but also for labor. Hiram's price is the delivery of a large quantity of wheat and oil from Israel. [11] The discussion between the two kings included the notes of the Davidic covenant and the clarification of why Solomon, not David before him, the one who built the temple. [11]

Verse 1

Now Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, because he heard that they had anointed him king in place of his father, for Hiram had always loved David. [13]

Forced labor in Israel (5:13–18)

The massive availability of forced labor from 'all Israel' (cf. 1 Kings 9:20–23) would later be the cause of the kingdom's partition (1 Kings 12). [11] The Israelite task force sent to Lebanon consisted of 'conscripted workers' from the Canaanite population and 150,000 people of Israel (cf. 1 Kings 4:6). [12]

Verse 18

So Solomon’s builders, Hiram’s builders, and the Gebalites quarried them; and they prepared timber and stones to build the temple. [16]

See also

Notes

  1. The whole book of 1 Kings is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus. [8]

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2 Kings 2 A chapter in the Second Book of Kings

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1 Kings 2 1 Kings, chapter 2

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1 Kings 1 1 Kings, chapter 1

1 Kings 1 is the first chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel. The focus of this chapter is the reign of David and Solomon, the kings of Israel.

1 Kings 4 1 Kings, chapter 4

1 Kings 4 is the fourth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel. The focus of this chapter is the reign of Solomon, the king of Israel.

1 Kings 9 1 Kings, chapter 9

1 Kings 9 is the ninth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel. The focus of this chapter is the Solomon's achievements.

1 Kings 10 1 Kings, chapter 10

1 Kings 10 is the tenth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel. The focus of this chapter is the Solomon's achievements.

1 Kings 11 1 Kings, chapter 11

1 Kings 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel. The focus of this chapter is Solomon's decline and death.

1 Kings 14 1 Kings, chapter 14

1 Kings 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section comprising 1 Kings 12:1 to 16:14 which documents the consolidation of the kingdoms of northern Israel and Judah. The focus of this chapter is the reigns Jeroboam and Nadab in the northern kingdom and Rehoboam in the southern kingdom.

1 Kings 16 1 Kings, chapter 16

1 Kings 16 is the sixteenth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section comprising 1 Kings 12:1 to 16:14 which documents the consolidation of the kingdoms of northern Israel and Judah. The focus of this chapter is the reigns Baasha, Elah, Zimri, Omri and Ahab in the northern kingdom during the reign of Asa in the southern kingdom.

1 Kings 18 1 Kings, chapter 18

1 Kings 18 is the eighteenth chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section comprising 1 Kings 16:15 to 2 Kings 8:29 which documents the period of Omri's dynasty. The focus of this chapter is the activity of prophet Elijah during the reign of king Ahab in the northern kingdom.

1 Kings 20 1 Kings, chapter 20

1 Kings 20 is the 20th chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section comprising 1 Kings 16:15 to 2 Kings 8:29 which documents the period of Omri's dynasty. The focus of this chapter is the reign of king Ahab in the northern kingdom.

1 Kings 21 1 Kings, chapter 21

1 Kings 21 is the 21st chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section comprising 1 Kings 16:15 to 2 Kings 8:29 which documents the period of Omri's dynasty. The focus of this chapter is the reign of king Ahab in the northern kingdom.

References

  1. Halley 1965, p. 191.
  2. Collins 2014, p. 288.
  3. McKane 1993, p. 324.
  4. Dietrich 2007, p. 234.
  5. Dietrich 2007, p. 236.
  6. Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
  7. Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
  8. Wikisource-logo.svg This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Codex Sinaiticus". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  9. 1 2 1 Kings 5, Berean Study Bible
  10. Leithart 2006, p. 52.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dietrich 2007, p. 237.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Coogan 2007, p. 498 Hebrew Bible.
  13. 1 Kings 5:1 NKJV
  14. Against Apion i:17,18.
  15. Vance, Donald R. (March 1994) "Literary Sources for the History of Palestine and Syria: The Phœnician Inscriptions" The Biblical Archaeologist 57(1) 2–19.
  16. 1 Kings 5:18 NKJV
  17. Note on 1 Kings 5:18 in NKJV

Sources