2013 BS45

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2013 BS45
Discovery
Discovered by James V. Scotti (Spacewatch)
Discovery date20 January 2013
Designations
2013 BS45
Orbital characteristics [2] [3] [4]
Epoch 13 January 2016 (JD  2457400.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 375 days (1.03 yr)
Aphelion 1.0758430  AU (160.94382  Gm)
Perihelion 0.9093608 AU (136.03844 Gm)
0.9926019 AU (148.49113 Gm)
Eccentricity 0.0838615
0.99  yr (361.2  d)
257.52229°
0° 59m 47.93s /day
Inclination 0.7726189°
83.40080°
150.3038°
Earth  MOID 0.0114221 AU (1.70872 Gm)
Jupiter  MOID 3.89526 AU (582.723 Gm)
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 20–40 m [a] [5]
25.9 [2]

    2013 BS45 (also written 2013 BS45) is a horseshoe companion to the Earth like 3753 Cruithne. [6] Like Cruithne, it does not orbit the Earth in the normal sense and at times it is on the other side of the Sun, yet it still periodically comes nearer to the Earth in sort of halo orbit before again drifting away. While not a traditional natural satellite, it does not quite have normal heliocentric orbit either and these are sometimes called quasi-satellites or horseshoe orbits.

    Contents

    Discovery, orbit and physical properties

    2013 BS45 was discovered by James V. Scotti on 20 January 2013, observing for the Spacewatch project from Kitt Peak (KPNO). [7] [8] Its orbit is characterized by low eccentricity (0.084), low inclination (0.77º) and a semi-major axis of 0.993 AU; [8] it is the most Earth-like among those of asteroids moving in Earth-like orbits. [6] Upon discovery, it was classified as an Aten asteroid but also an Earth crosser by the Minor Planet Center. Its orbit is well determined; as of 26 August 2015, its orbit is based on 96 observations spanning a data-arc of 375 days. [2] 2013 BS45 has an absolute magnitude of 25.9 which gives a characteristic diameter of 30 m. [5] Radar observations indicate that it may be a very rapid rotator with a period of just a few minutes.

    Horseshoe companion to the Earth and orbital evolution

    Recent calculations indicate that it follows a horseshoe orbit with respect to the Earth. [6] Its orbital evolution is highly chaotic and its orbit is difficult to predict beyond a few thousand years. [6] As for the available data, it had its closest encounter ever with Earth on 12 February 2013 at 0.013  AU, closer than in 1934, the previously closest approach at 0.014 AU. The next approach closer than 0.020 AU will take place on 2 September 2090 at 0.016 AU. [2] Its orbit matches the expected properties of that of an object in the Arjuna class. [9]

    Origin

    2013 BS45 may have originated within the Venus-Earth-Mars region; alternatively, it may have come from the main asteroid belt like other Near-Earth Objects, then transitioned to an Amor-class asteroid before entering Earth's co-orbital region. [6]

    See also

    Notes

    Related Research Articles

    The Arjuna asteroids are a dynamical group of asteroids in the Solar System. Arjunas are near-Earth objects (NEOs) whose orbits are very Earth-like in character, having low inclination, orbital periods close to one year, and low eccentricity. The group is named after Arjuna, a central hero in Hindu historic script Mahabharata. The definition is somewhat more relevant and overlaps the definition of the four well-established Apollo, Amor, Aten and Atira groups. They constitute a dynamically cold group of small NEOs that experience repeated trappings in the 1:1 mean-motion resonance with the Earth.

    2003 YN107 is a tiny asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Aten group moving in a 1:1 mean-motion resonance with Earth. Because of that, it is in a co-orbital configuration relative to Earth.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Quasi-satellite</span> Type of satellite in sync with another orbit

    A quasi-satellite is an object in a specific type of co-orbital configuration with a planet where the object stays close to that planet over many orbital periods.

    (99907) 1989 VA is a very eccentric, stony asteroid and near-Earth object, approximately 1 kilometer in diameter. It was discovered on 2 November 1989, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker and Canadian astronomer David Levy at the Palomar Observatory on Mount Palomar, California.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">524522 Zoozve</span> Temporary quasi-satellite of Venus

    524522 Zoozve (provisional designation 2002 VE68) is a sub-kilometer sized asteroid and temporary quasi-satellite of Venus. Discovered in 2002, it was the first such object to be discovered around a major planet in the Solar System. It has nearly the same orbital period around the Sun that Venus does. In a frame of reference rotating with Venus, it appears to travel around it during one Venerean year, but it orbits the Sun, not Venus.

    2006 JY26 is a near-Earth object that is also horseshoe companion to the Earth like 3753 Cruithne.

    2012 FC71, also written 2012 FC71, is a small asteroid trapped in a Kozai resonance with the Earth.

    2011 EO40 is an asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object and a potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group. It is a possible candidate for the parent body of the Chelyabinsk superbolide.

    2013 ND15 (also written 2013 ND15) is an asteroid that is a temporary trojan of Venus, the first known Venus trojan.

    2014 OL339 (also written 2014 OL339) is an Aten asteroid that is a temporary quasi-satellite of Earth, the fourth known Earth quasi-satellite.

    2015 SO2 (astronomical naming convention: 2015 SO2) is an Aten asteroid that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth, the ninth known Earth horseshoe librator. Prior to its most recent close encounter with our planet (2015 September 30) it was an Apollo asteroid.

    2015 XX169 (also written 2015 XX169) is an Apollo asteroid that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth, the tenth known Earth horseshoe librator. A close encounter with the Earth on 14 December 2015 caused the value of the semi-major axis of 2015 XX169 to drift slowly upwards, and the object evolved from an Aten asteroid to an Apollo asteroid about a year after this close approach.

    2015 YQ1 (also written 2015 YQ1) is an Apollo asteroid that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth, the twelfth known Earth horseshoe librator. It experienced a close encounter with the Earth on 2015 December 22 at 0.0037 AU.

    2015 YA is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Aten group, that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth. It is the 11th known Earth horseshoe librator. Prior to a close encounter with the Earth on 15 December 2015, 2015 YA was an Apollo asteroid.

    2017 DR109, is a micro-asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group and Aten group, respectively. It is currently trapped in a 1:1 mean motion resonance with the Earth of the horseshoe type. The object was first observed on 27 February 2017, by astronomers of the Catalina Sky Survey conducted at Mount Lemmon Observatory, Arizona, United States.

    2018 RY7, is a small near-Earth object of the Apollo group. It is currently trapped in a 3:5 mean motion resonance with Venus. The object was first observed on 14 September 2018, by astronomer B. M. Africano with the Mount Lemmon Survey at Mount Lemmon Observatory, Arizona, United States.

    2020 VT1 is a small asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Amor group, that is a temporary horseshoe companion to Mars.

    2020 PN1 is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Aten group, that is a temporary horseshoe companion to the Earth. There are dozens of known Earth horseshoe librators, some of which switch periodically between the quasi-satellite and the horseshoe co-orbital states.

    2020 PP1 is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, that is a temporary quasi-satellite of the Earth. There are over a dozen known Earth quasi-satellites, some of which switch periodically between the quasi-satellite and horseshoe co-orbital states.

    2009 SH2 is a sub-kilometer near-Earth asteroid of the Aten group, discovered by the Siding Spring Survey at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia on 18 September 2009. It is in a co-orbital configuration with Earth, a type of 1:1 orbital resonance where the asteroid appears to librate around Earth's path in a horseshoe orbit when viewed in a corotating reference frame with Earth. The co-orbital state of 2009 SH2 is only temporary as it has entered it about 30 years ago and will leave it in about 100 years into the future.

    References

    1. ↑ "List Of Aten Minor Planets". Minor Planet Center . Retrieved 27 August 2015.
    2. 1 2 3 4 5 "2013 BS45". JPL Small-Body Database . Jet Propulsion Laboratory. SPK-ID:  3625129 . Retrieved 3 April 2016.(last obs: 2014-01-30)
    3. ↑ "2013 BS45 – Summary". AstDys-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
    4. ↑ "2013 BS45 – Summary". NEODyS-2, Near Earth Objects – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
    5. 1 2 "Absolute-magnitude conversion table (H)". NASA. 27 August 2015. Archived from the original on 2 March 2001.
    6. 1 2 3 4 5 de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (July 2013). "A resonant family of dynamically cold small bodies in the near-Earth asteroid belt". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters . 434 (1): L1–L5. arXiv: 1305.2825 . Bibcode:2013MNRAS.434L...1D. doi: 10.1093/mnrasl/slt062 .
    7. ↑ Discovery MPEC
    8. 1 2 "2013 BS45". MPC (last obs: 2014-01-30.0). Retrieved 26 August 2015.
    9. ↑ de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (12 February 2015). "Geometric characterization of the Arjuna orbital domain". Astronomische Nachrichten . 336 (1): 5–22. arXiv: 1410.4104 . Bibcode:2015AN....336....5D. doi:10.1002/asna.201412133.
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