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| Constitution |
A constitutional referendum was held in Kyrgyzstan on 11 December 2016. [1] The constitutional amendments were approved by around 80% of voters. [2]
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| Constitution |
A constitutional referendum was held in Kyrgyzstan on 11 December 2016. [1] The constitutional amendments were approved by around 80% of voters. [2]
The post-independence constitution was introduced in 1993, with modifications made following referendums in 1996, 1998, 2003, 2007 and 2010. However, the current constitution prohibits any amendments being made until 2020. [3] The original version of the 2010 constitution has been lost. [4]
The proposed changes to the constitution were put forward by five parties, and included increasing the powers of the Prime Minister and Supreme Council, as well as making reforms to the judicial system. [3] The proposed reforms also established that marriage could be only "between a man and a woman" instead of "between two persons"; this was criticized by the Venice Commission of the Council of Europe. [5]
There were some reports of alleged fraud. Some that political parties had resorted to vote buying and people told that they were offered 500 to 1,000 soms ($7 to $14) per vote. Speaking at a press conference, deputy Interior Minister Almaz Orozaliev reported five such cases (three in the Bishkek and two in the northern Chui region). [6]
| Choice | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| For | 948,185 | 83.66 | |
| Against | 185,140 | 16.34 | |
| Total | 1,133,325 | 100.00 | |
| Valid votes | 1,133,325 | 95.18 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | 57,427 | 4.82 | |
| Total votes | 1,190,752 | 100.00 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,851,952 | 41.75 | |
| Source: Shailoo | |||
The Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile of 1980 is the fundamental law in force in Chile. It was approved and promulgated under the military dictatorship headed by Augusto Pinochet, being ratified by the Chilean citizenry through a referendum on September 11, 1980, although being held under restrictions and without electoral registers. While 69% of the population was reported to have voted yes, the vote was questioned by hundreds of denunciations of irregularities and fraud. The constitutional text took effect, in a transitory regime, on March 11, 1981, and then entered into full force on March 11, 1990, with the return to electoral democracy. It was amended for the first time in 1989, and afterward in 1991, 1994, 1997, each year from 1999 to 2001, 2003, each year from 2007 to 2015, and each year from 2017 to 2021, with the last three amendments concerning the constituent process of 2020–2022. In September 2005, under Ricardo Lagos's presidency, a large amendment of the Constitution was approved by parliamentarians, removing from the text some of the less democratic dispositions coming from Pinochet's regime, such as senators-for-life and appointed senators, as well as the armed forces' warranty of the democratic regime.
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