ACSS3

ACSS3
Identifiers
Aliases	ACSS3 , acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 3, acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 3
External IDs	OMIM: 614356 MGI: 2685720 HomoloGene: 11587 GeneCards: ACSS3
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	81,261,210 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (mouse)
End	106,959,529 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	germinal epithelium; ; parotid gland; ; liver; ; Achilles tendon; ; corpus epididymis; ; left adrenal gland; ; right lobe of liver; ; caput epididymis; ; sural nerve; ; stromal cell of endometrium;
	Top expressed in
	white adipose tissue; ; otolith organ; ; utricle; ; brown adipose tissue; ; intercostal muscle; ; mammary gland; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; olfactory epithelium; ; left lung lobe; ; uterus;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding ; ligase activity ; catalytic activity ; ATP binding ; acetate-CoA ligase activity ;
Cellular component	mitochondrion ; mitochondrial matrix ;
Biological process	metabolism ; ketone body biosynthetic process ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	79611
	380660
	ENSG00000111058
	ENSMUSG00000035948
	Q9H6R3
	Q14DH7
	NM_024560 ; NM_001330242 ; NM_001330243
	NM_001142804 ; NM_198636
	NP_001317171 ; NP_001317172 ; NP_078836
	NP_001136276 ; NP_941038
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated August 02, 2023

Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACSS3 gene.^[5]

Function

ACSS3 is part of a family known as Acyl-coenzyme A synthetases (ACSs), which catalyze the initial reaction in fatty acid metabolism. This reaction activates fatty acids via thioesterification to CoA, thereby allowing their participation in both anabolic and catabolic pathways. The existence of many ACSs suggests that each plays a unique role, directing the acyl-CoA product to a specific metabolic fate. Knowing the full complement of ACS genes in the human genome will facilitate future studies to characterize their specific biological functions.^[6]

Related Research Articles

Sterol O-acyltransferase 2, also known as SOAT2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SOAT2 gene.

Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSL1 gene.

Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSL5 gene.

Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSL3 gene.

Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSL4 gene.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 2, also known as ACOT2, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ACOT2 gene.

Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SLC27A2 gene.

Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACOT7 gene.

Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC27A4 gene. This membrane protein is also called FATP4 or ACSVL5. The purified protein shows enzyme activity, esterifying long and very long chain fatty acids with Coenzyme A. It is debated whether it is also a fatty acid transporter at the plasma membrane.

Acyl-CoA Synthetase, Bubblegum Family, member 1 (ACSBG1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSBG1 gene.

Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACOT4 gene.

Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 11 also known as StAR-related lipid transfer protein 14 (STARD14) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACOT11 gene. This gene encodes a protein with acyl-CoA thioesterase activity towards medium (C12) and long-chain (C18) fatty acyl-CoA substrates which relies on its StAR-related lipid transfer domain. Expression of a similar murine protein in brown adipose tissue is induced by cold exposure and repressed by warmth. Expression of the mouse protein has been associated with obesity, with higher expression found in obesity-resistant mice compared with obesity-prone mice. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Bile acyl-CoA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SLC27A5 gene.

Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC27A6 gene.

Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase short-chain family member 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSS2 gene.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACOT6 gene. The protein, also known as C14orf42, is an enzyme with thioesterase activity.

Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSF3 gene.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 9 is a protein that is encoded by the human ACOT9 gene. It is a member of the acyl-CoA thioesterase superfamily, which is a group of enzymes that hydrolyze Coenzyme A esters. There is no known function, however it has been shown to act as a long-chain thioesterase at low concentrations, and a short-chain thioesterase at high concentrations.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACOT13 gene. This gene encodes a member of the thioesterase superfamily. In humans, the protein co-localizes with microtubules and is essential for sustained cell proliferation.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACOT1 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111058 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000035948 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Entrez Gene: Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 3".
↑ Watkins PA, Maiguel D, Jia Z, Pevsner J (Dec 2007). "Evidence for 26 distinct acyl-coenzyme A synthetase genes in the human genome". Journal of Lipid Research. 48 (12): 2736–50. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M700378-JLR200 . PMID 17762044.

v t e Enzymes: CO CS and CN ligases (EC 6.1-6.3)
6.1: Carbon-Oxygen	Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine D-alanine—poly(phosphoribitol) ligase Glutamate Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine
6.2: Carbon-Sulfur	Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase Acetyl—CoA synthetase Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase
6.3: Carbon-Nitrogen	Glutamine synthetase Ubiquitin ligase Cullin Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor UBE3A Mdm2 Anaphase-promoting complex UBR1 Glutathione synthetase CTP synthetase Adenylosuccinate synthase Argininosuccinate synthase Holocarboxylase synthetase GMP synthase Asparagine synthetase Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I II Glutamate–cysteine ligase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

ACSS3

Contents

Function

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading