Akkermansia

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Akkermansia
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Verrucomicrobiota
Class:
Verrucomicrobiae
Order:
Verrucomicrobiales
Family:
Akkermansiaceae
Genus:
Akkermansia

Derrien et al. 2004 [1]
Type species
Akkermansia muciniphila
Derrien et al. 2004
Species [2]

Akkermansia is a genus in the phylum Verrucomicrobiota (Bacteria). [2] The genus was first proposed by Derrien et al. (2004), with the type species Akkermansia muciniphila (gen. nov., sp. nov). [1]

Contents

Until 2016 the genus contained a single known species, namely A. muciniphila . [2] In 2016, Akkermansia glycaniphila was isolated in the feces of a reticulated python. [3]

Etymology

The name Akkermansia (Ak.ker.man'si.a.) derives from: Neo-Latin feminine gender noun Akkermansia, named after Anton Dirk Louis Akkermans (1940–2006), [4] a Dutch microbiologist recognized for his contribution to microbial ecology. [2] Neo-Latin neuter gender noun mucinum, mucin; Neo-Latin adjective philus from Greek adjective philos (φίλος) meaning friend, loving; Neo-Latin feminine gender adjective muciniphila, mucin-loving). [1]

Description

Cells are oval-shaped, non-motile and stain Gram-negative. Strictly anaerobic organism. Chemo-organotrophic. Mucolytic in pure culture. [1] : 1474 

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) [5]

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024 [6] [7] [8] 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220 [9] [10] [11]
Akkermansia

A. glycaniphila

A. biwaensisKobayashi et al. 2023

A. muciniphila

Akkermansia

A. biwaensisKobayashi et al. 2023 [incl. "Ca. A. timonensis"]

"A. massiliensis" Ndongo et al. 2022

A. muciniphila Derrien et al. 2004

A. glycaniphila Ouwerkerk et al. 2016

"Ca. A. intestinavium" Gilroy et al. 2021

"Ca. A. intestinigallinarum" Gilroy et al. 2021

Human metabolism

Akkermansia muciniphila can reside in the human intestinal tract and is currently being studied for its effects on human metabolism and health. [12] It could be of interest for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Akkermansia has been shown to reverse high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice by increasing intestinal levels of endocannabinoids (e.g. 2-arachidonoylglycerol and 2-oleoylglycerol) and mucosal thickness. [13] [14] [15] Another study showed that Akkermansia muciniphil alleviates depression-like behavior by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites in a chronic stress mouse model. [16]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Derrien M, Vaughan EE, Plugge CM, de Vos WM (September 2004). "Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a human intestinal mucin-degrading bacterium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (Pt 5): 1469–1476. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.02873-0 . PMID   15388697.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Genus: Akkermansia". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Leibniz Institute DSMZ. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  3. ↑ Ouwerkerk JP, Aalvink S, Belzer C, de Vos WM (November 2016). "Akkermansia glycaniphila sp. nov., an anaerobic mucin-degrading bacterium isolated from reticulated python faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 66 (11): 4614–4620. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001399 . PMID   27499019.
  4. ↑ In memory of Antonius Dirk Louis (Anton) Akkermans, Springer Reference , retrieved 30 April 2014
  5. ↑ "Akkermansia". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  6. ↑ "The LTP" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  7. ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  8. ↑ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  9. ↑ "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  10. ↑ "bac120_r220.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  11. ↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  12. ↑ Jayachandran M, Chung SS, Xu B (2020). "A critical review of the relationship between dietary components, the gut microbe Akkermansia muciniphila, and human health". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 60 (13): 2265–2276. doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1632789. PMID   31257904. S2CID   195759418.
  13. ↑ Lyte M, Cryan J, eds. (2014). Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 817. New York, NY: Springer New York. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4. ISBN   978-1-4939-0896-7.
  14. ↑ Everard A, Belzer C, Geurts L, Ouwerkerk JP, Druart C, Bindels LB, et al. (May 2013). "Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (22): 9066–9071. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1219451110 . PMC   3670398 . PMID   23671105.
  15. ↑ Tripathi AK, Kotak M, eds. (2022). Gut Microbiome in Neurological Health and Disorders. Nutritional Neurosciences. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. doi:10.1007/978-981-19-4530-4. ISBN   978-981-19-4529-8.
  16. ↑ Ding Y, Bu F, Chen T, Shi G, Yuan X, Feng Z, et al. (November 2021). "A next-generation probiotic: Akkermansia muciniphila ameliorates chronic stress-induced depressive-like behavior in mice by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 105 (21–22): 8411–8426. doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11622-2. PMID   34617139.
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