| Apoderus coryli | |
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| Species: | A. coryli |
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| Apoderus coryli | |
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Apoderus coryli, the hazel-leaf roller weevil, is a species of leaf-rolling beetles belonging to the family Attelabidae subfamily Attelabinae. [1] Because of the trunk-like elongated head, it is often mistakenly attributed to the weevil family Curculionidae. [2]
This species is widespread in most of Europe (Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Slovakia, United Kingdom), in the eastern Palearctic realm (China and Japan), and in the Near East. [3]
Apoderus coryli prefers deciduous forests, especially at forest edges, but also parks and gardens where the host plant, Corylus avellana , occurs.
Apoderus coryli can reach a length of 6–8 millimetres (0.24–0.31 in). [4] These primitive weevils have a red shiny bell-shaped pronotum, a shiny black or dark brown head with protruding eyes, a distinct neck and short and rounded elytra. Their straight antennae are inserted near the base of the rostrum. The prothorax is much narrower than the base of the elytra on the abdomen. The scutellum is broad, triangular to trapezoidal and without stripes. The legs are red at the base, black towards the end. [4] [5]
Larvae can reach approximately a body length of 10 millimetres (0.39 in). They are bright orange with a brown head. Also pupae are orange and reach a length of about 6–8 millimetres (0.24–0.31 in). [4]
This species is rather similar to the oak roller weevil ( Attelabus nitens ) and Apoderus erythropterus , that shows a black pronotum. All three species produce leaf wraps into which the eggs are laid.
Adults can be found between May and September. They feed on leaves of the host plant, [4] the hazel ( Corylus avellana ), hence the Latin name coryli of the species, meaning hazelnut. Only in exceptional cases other deciduous trees, such as alder ( Alnus species), birch ( Betula species), common hornbeam ( Carpinus betulus ), [2] common beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) and hop-hornbeam ( Ostrya carpinifolia ) are used as host plants. [4]
After mating in May–June the females cut slits into leaves [4] and rolls up these leaves into cigar-shaped cylinders or ‘cradles’. Then they lay 5 to 6 yellowish eggs inside them, through a hole made with the rostrum. The time of oviposition may take several weeks. Several cylinders per day are produced. The developing larvae will feed and pupate in these the leaf wraps. The new adult beetles will emerge in the summer (at the end of June or early of August). [4] There are two generations per year (bivoltine species). The larvae of the second generation overwinter in said cylinders and pupate in the spring. [2] [4]
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.
The Attelabidae is a widespread family of weevils. They are among the primitive weevils, because of their straight antennae, which are inserted near the base of the rostrum. The prothorax is much narrower than the base of the elytra on the abdomen. Attelabidae and the related family Rhynchitidae are known commonly as the leaf-rolling weevils. Rhynchitidae may be treated as subfamily Rhynchitinae of the Attelabidae.
Curculio nucum, the nut weevil, is a medium-sized beetle, with an especially elongated snout, characteristic of the Curculionini tribe of the weevil family (Curculionidae). Its larvae develop in hazel nuts Corylus avellana, being a serious pest in hazelnut orchards. It occurs in most of Europe, from south Sweden, Finland and Great Britain to the Mediterranean.
Eriocrania chrysolepidella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe. It was first described by the German entomologist, Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1851. The larvae mine the leaves of hazel and hornbeam.
Stigmella microtheriella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae, found in Asia, Europe and New Zealand. The larvae mine the leaves of hazel and hornbeams. It was described by the English entomologist, Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854 from a type specimen found in England.
Stigmella floslactella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in all of Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean islands.
Clytra laeviuscula, the ant bag beetle, is a species of short-horned leaf beetles belonging to the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cryptocephalinae.
Anaglyptus mysticus, the rufous-shouldered longhorn beetle, is a species of beetle belonging to the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Cerambycinae.
Polydrusus formosus the green immigrant leaf weevil, is a species of broad-nosed weevil belonging to the family Curculionidae, subfamily Entiminae.
Galerucella lineola is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae.
Apoderus is a genus of leaf-rolling beetles belonging to the family Attelabidae subfamily Attelabinae.
Hypera postica, commonly known as the alfalfa weevil, is a species of beetle in the superfamily Curculionoidea; it can be found in alfalfa fields throughout Europe. Considered a destructive threat to alfalfa production in North America, several accidental introductions have been successfully countered though the use of a variety of biological control species.
Hypera nigrirostris, commonly known as the lesser clover leaf weevil, is a species of weevil that is native to Europe and northern Africa and has been introduced to North America and Japan. Both adults and larvae feed on red clover and other plants in the family Fabaceae.
Apion apricans is a species of seed weevils native to Europe. It is widespread everywhere. Damages clover and wild. The beetle is 3–3.5 mm in size, black, with a metallic hue, the body is pear-shaped, the legs are partially yellow; rostrum long, almost straight; apex of antennae black, base - red. Egg - 0.3-0.5 mm, yellowish, long, smooth. Larva 2–2.5 mm, white with a creamy hue, curved, dark brown head, on the upper jaws on each side of three growths, the middle of them increased; instead of legs six pairs of small knolls. Pupa 3–3.5 mm, yellowish white.
Sphaeroderma testaceum, the artichoke beetle, is a species of flea beetles in the family Chrysomelidae.
Trichobaris trinotata, commonly known as the "Potato stalk borer", is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America where it is a pest of potato plants, the larvae tunnelling inside their stems.
Larinus turbinatus is a species of true weevil in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae.
Chlorophorus figuratus is a species of round-necked longhorns belonging to the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Cerambycinae.
Deporaus marginatus, commonly known as the mango leaf-cutting weevil, is a species of leaf weevil in the beetle family Attelabidae. It is a light tan colour with black elytra, and is found in tropical Asia where it is a pest of mango.
Attelabus nitens is a species of leaf-rolling weevil in the beetle family Attelabidae, found in Europe. Known as the oak leaf-roller, it is so named because the female has a habit of rolling itself in oak leaves after laying an egg.
