Arctogeophilus glacialis

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Arctogeophilus glacialis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Chilopoda
Order: Geophilomorpha
Family: Geophilidae
Genus: Arctogeophilus
Species:
A. glacialis
Binomial name
Arctogeophilus glacialis
(Attems, 1909)
Synonyms
  • Geophilus glacialisAttems, 1909
  • Cryophilus alaskanusChamberlin, 1919

Arctogeophilus glacialis is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophildae. [1] This centipede is found in Russia, Alaska, and Canada. [2] This species was first described in 1909 by the Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems as the type species for the taxon Arctogeophilus , [3] which was originally described as a subgenus of the genus Geophilus but was elevated to the status of genus in 1910 by the French zoologist Henri Ribaut. [4]

Contents

Discovery, taxonomy, and distribution

Attems based the original description of this species on several type specimens, including three males and four females. [2] These syntypes were found in 1879 at Port Clarence in Alaska and at two sites on the Chukotka peninsula (the village of Nunyamo and Penkigney Bay) on the eastern coast of Siberia. [2] [5] These specimens were collected during the first successful navigation of the Northeast Passage, completed by the Vega expedition led by the Nordic explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskjöld aboard the SS Vega. These specimens and other type material in the form of slides are deposited in the Natural History Museum in Vienna. [5]

In 1919, the American biologist Ralph V. Chamberlain described Cryophilus alaskanus as a new species based on two specimens collected in 1916 from the tundra near Nome in Alaska. [6] In 1946, Chamberlain reported the collection of another specimen in 1945 in College near Fairbanks in Alaska, but he also deemed C. alaskanus to be a junior synonym of A. glacialis. [7] Authorities now consider these centipedes to be the same species. [8]

In 2022, David W. Langor and Stephen D. Langor reported the discovery of more than 20 specimens in Canada. These centipedes were recently identified as specimens of A. glacialis by the American myriapodologist Ralph E. Crabill, Jr. These specimens were collected at Reindeer Station in the Northwest Territories by the Canadian zoologist John R. Vockeroth in 1948 and represent the first record of this species in Canada. [9]

Description

This species features 39 pairs of legs in each sex and can reach 20 mm in length and 1.2 mm in breadth. [3] This centipede has a yellow or reddish yellow body with the head more reddish brown than the body. [3] [6] The first maxillae feature relatively short lappets projecting from the lateral margins. The forcipules feature denticles on all articles, with the denticles on the second and third articles only slightly shorter than those on the first and ultimate articles. The sterna lack ventral fields of pores, and each of the ultimate legs lacks a claw or pretarsus at the tip. [2] [10] [11]

This species shares many traits with other Arctogeophilus species. For example, centipedes in this genus usually lack ventral pore-fields and feature no pretarsus on the ultimate legs. [2] Like other species in this genus, A. glacialis features an elongate head, with a cephalic plate that is noticeably longer than wide. [2] [3] Furthermore, the labrum in this genus features side pieces that nearly touch in the middle, making the intermediate part inconspicuous. [2] [10] In A. glacialis, the intermediate part of the labrum is covered by the side pieces, which meet in the middle. [6]

Three other Arctogeophilus species found in Russia, A. attemsi, A. macrocephalus , and A. sachalinus , are so similar to A. glacialis that some authors have suggested that these three may be junior synonyms of A. glacialis. [2] [12] The species A. glacialis may be distinguished from these close relatives, however, by the lappets on the first maxillae, the denticles on the forcipular articles, and the absence of ventral pore-fields. Whereas the first maxillary lappets are short in A. glacialis, they are long in the other three species. Furthermore, denticles are present on the second and third articles of the forcipule in A. glacialis, whereas these denticles are absent in A. attemsi and A. sachalinus. Moreover, ventral pore fields appear on some anterior segments in A. macrocephalus and A. sachalinus but are entirely absent in A. glacialis. [2] [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Himantariidae</span> Family of centipedes

Himantariidae is a monophyletic family of centipedes in the order Geophilomorpha and superfamily Himantarioidea, found almost exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere. Centipedes in this family feature a short head with a concave labral margin bearing a row of denticles, a single dentate lamella and some pectinate lamellae on each mandible, second maxillae with strongly tapering telopodites and slightly spatulate claws, and a stout forcipular segment with short forcipules and a wide tergite; the ultimate legs usually have no pretarsus, and the female gonopods are distinct and biarticulate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oryidae</span> Family of centipedes

Oryidae is a monophyletic family of soil centipedes belonging to the superfamily Himantarioidea.

Geophilus arenarius is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. This centipede is found in Algeria. As part of the carpophagus species-complex, this species is closely related to both G. carpophagus and G. easoni.

Australoschendyla is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Schendylidae. This genus was described by the English myriapodologist Richard E. Jones in 1996. Centipedes in this genus feature claws on the second maxillae fringed by a single row of filaments, short forcipules, nearly circular fields of pores on the sternites, one or two pores on the basal element of each of the ultimate legs, and ultimate legs without claws. These centipedes range from 1 cm to 2 cm in length, have 41 to 47 pairs of legs, and are found in west Australia.

Maoriella is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae. It was described by Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems in 1903. Species in this genus are found in New Zealand, Australia, and Tahiti.

Marsikomerus is a genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae. This genus was described by Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems in 1938. Species in this genus are found in Mexico and in the United States.

Nesomerium is a monotypic genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae. It was described in 1953 by American myriapodologist Ralph Vary Chamberlin. The sole species is Nesomerium hawaiiense Chamberlin, 1953. Since the original description of this species based on a single specimen, no other specimens have been referred to this species or this genus, and some authorities express doubts about the validity of these taxa and their placement in the family Geophilidae.

Geophilus oligopus is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. This centipede is found in several European countries, including Austria, the Czech Republic, Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovenia, and Romania. Although this centipede has been described as having an Alpine-Dinaric distribution, this species has also been found in the Carpathian mountains and may be more widespread than previously thought.

Mecistocephalus evansi is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is notable for featuring 51 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus Mecistocephalus. This species was first described by the French myriapodologist Henry W. Brolemann in 1922. He based the original description of this species on a single female specimen found in the Maysan governorate on the Tigris river in Iraq.

Arctogeophilus is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Geophildae. These centipedes are found in subarctic and temperate regions of Asia, North America, and western Europe. The taxon Arctogeophilus was first proposed in 1909 by the Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems as a subgenus within the genus Geophilus. The French zoologist Henri Ribaut elevated Arctogeophilus to the rank of genus in 1910.

Escaryus is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Schendylidae. These centipedes are notable as schendylids adapted to colder temperatures and restricted to cool climates and high latitudes. With more than 30 species, this genus is easily the largest group of such centipedes in the family Schendylidae. Most schendylids are limited to tropical or subtropical regions.

Escaryus molodovae is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This centipede is found on Sakhalin island in the Russian Far East. This species is notable for its small size, reaching only 14 mm in length.

Escaryus polygonatus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This centipede is found in the Maritime territory of the Russian Far East. This species was first described in 1973 by the Russian myriapodologist Lidia P. Titova.

Escaryus vitimicus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This centipede is found in the Republic of Buryatia in the Russian Far East. This species features 37 pairs of legs in each sex and can reach 27 mm in length.

Alloschizotaenia is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Geophilidae. This genus contains only three valid species. Centipedes in this genus are found in central and east Africa.

Alloschizotaenia bipora is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. This centipede is found in Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This species was first described in 1952 by the Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems.

Arctogeophilus inopinatus is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophildae. This centipede is found in western and central France and may also be present in Luxembourg. This species is small, measuring only 18 mm in length, and can have either 39 or 41 pairs of legs.

Escaryus hirsutus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This centipede is found on Sakhalin island in the Russian Far East. This species was first described in 1973 by the Russian myriapodologist Lidia P. Titova.

Escaryus dentatus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This centipede is found in the Maritime territory of the Russian Far East. This species was first described in 1973 by the Russian myriapodologist Lidia P. Titova.

Escaryus kirgizicus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. As the species name suggests, this centipede is found in Kyrgyzstan. This species is known only from high mountains and is notable for being found at one of the highest altitudes recorded for any centipede in the order Geophilomorpha in Central Asia.

References

  1. ↑ Bonato, L.; Chagas Junior, A.; Edgecombe, G.D.; Lewis, J.G.E.; Minelli, A.; Pereira, L.A.; Shelley, R.M.; Stoev, P.; Zapparoli, M. (2016). "Arctogeophilus glacialis (Attems,1909)". ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Retrieved 2024-06-08.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dyachkov, Yurii V.; Bonato, Lucio (2024-04-23). "An updated synthesis of the Geophilomorpha (Chilopoda) of Asian Russia". ZooKeys (1198): 17–54 [19, 21-22]. Bibcode:2024ZooK.1198...17D. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1198.119781 . ISSN   1313-2970. PMC   11061560 . PMID   38693975.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Attems, Carl August Theodor Michael von (1909). "Die Myriopoden der Vega-Expedition". Arkiv för zoologi (in German). 5: 1–84 [23–24]. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.3495 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  4. ↑ Ribaut, H. (1910). "Sur un genre nouveau de la sous-tribu des Ribautiina Bröl". Bullettin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse (in French). 43: 105–126 [105–106, 117] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  5. 1 2 Ilie, Victoria; Schiller, Edmund; Stagl, Verena (2009). Type specimens of the Geophilomorpha (Chilopoda) in the Natural History Museum Vienna (PDF). Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Myriapoda. Wien: Verl. des Naturhistorischen Museums. p. 31. ISBN   978-3-902421-33-3.
  6. 1 2 3 Chamberlain, Ralph V. (1919). "The Chilopoda collected by the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913–18". Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Vol. 3. Ottawa: F. A. Acland, Printer to the King. pp. 15H-22H [18H].
  7. ↑ Chamberlin, Ralph V. (1946-06-01). "On the Chilopods of Alaska". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 39 (2): 177–189 [182]. doi:10.1093/aesa/39.2.177. ISSN   1938-2901.
  8. ↑ Bonato, L.; Chagas Junior, A.; Edgecombe, G.D.; Lewis, J.G.E.; Minelli, A.; Pereira, L.A.; Shelley, R.M.; Stoev, P.; Zapparoli, M. (2016). "Cryophilus alaskanus Chamberlin, 1919". ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Retrieved 2024-06-08.
  9. ↑ Langor, David W.; Langor, Stephen D. (2022). "The biota of Canada: checklist of the centipedes of Canada (Myriapoda: Chilopoda)". The Canadian Entomologist. 154 (1): e8. doi:10.4039/tce.2021.58. ISSN   0008-347X.
  10. 1 2 Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Zapparoli, Marzio (2011). "Chilopoda – Taxonomic overview". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). The Myriapoda. Volume 1. Leiden: Brill. pp. 363–443 [416]. ISBN   978-90-04-18826-6. OCLC   812207443.
  11. 1 2 Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory; Lewis, John; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis; Shelley, Rowland; Zapparoli, Marzio (2010-11-18). "A common terminology for the external anatomy of centipedes (Chilopoda)". ZooKeys (69): 17–51. Bibcode:2010ZooK...69...17B. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.69.737 . ISSN   1313-2970. PMC   3088443 . PMID   21594038.
  12. ↑ Nefediev, P.S.; Tuf, I.H.; Farzalieva, G.S. (2017). "Centipedes from urban areas in southwestern Siberia, Russia (Chilopoda). Part 2. Geophilomorpha" (PDF). Arthropoda Selecta. 26 (1): 8–14 [9]. doi:10.15298/arthsel.26.1.02.
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