Arisaema

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Arisaema
Arisaema triphyllum.jpg
Arisaema triphyllum
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Subfamily: Aroideae
Tribe: Arisaemateae
Genus: Arisaema
Mart.
Arisaema distribution.svg
Range of the genus Arisaema.
Synonyms [1]
  • AlocasiaNeck. ex Raf.
  • DochafaSchott
  • MuricaudaSmall
  • FlagellarisaemaNakai
  • HeteroarisaemaNakai
  • PleuriarumNakai
  • RingentiarumNakai
Arisaema tortuosum Whipcord Cobra Lily.jpg
Arisaema tortuosum

Arisaema is a large and diverse genus of the flowering plant family Araceae. The largest concentration of species is in China and Japan, with other species native to other parts of southern Asia as well as eastern and central Africa, Mexico and eastern North America. [1] Asiatic species are often called cobra lilies, while western species are often called jack-in-the-pulpit; both names refer to the distinctive appearance of the flower, which consists of an erect central spadix rising from a spathe. [2] [3] [4]

Contents

Classification and relationships

The closest relatives of Arisaema appear to be Pinellia and Typhonium (although the latter as defined in 2004 seems to be paraphyletic, having given rise to Arisaema and other genera). [5] One unusual trait shared by all Arisaema species, and not those of other genera, is the sex change or act of Sequential hermaphroditism.Arisaema plants are typically male when small, and female or hermaphroditic when large, with a single plant capable of changing sex based on nutrition [5] and genetics, [6] and perhaps changing sex several times during its long life (20 years or more). [5]

Sections

A phylogenetic study in 2016 by Ohi-toma et. al recognized 15 sections in the genus. [7]

ImageSectionType species
My-13-4030-Cobra-Cobra-Lily-Cameron-Cobra-Lily-HiR.jpg
A. sect. Anomala Gusman & L. Gusman 2003 Arisaema anomalum
Arisaema speciosum- The Cobra Lily.jpg
A. sect. Arisaema Li et al. 2010 Arisaema speciosum
Rumphia, sive, Commentationes botanicae| imprimis de plantis Indiae| Orientalis (8330551674).jpg
A. sect. Attenuata (Engler) H. Li 2017 Arisaema laminatum
Arisaema negishii 4.JPG
A. sect. Clavata (Engler) H. Hara 1971 Arisaema clavatum
A. sect. Decipienta (Engler) H. Li in C. Y. Wu & H. Li 1979 Arisaema decipiens
Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) Schott, Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 40 (1860) (50064945376).jpg
A. sect. Dochafa (Schott) H. Hara 1971 Arisaema flavum
Arisaema fimbriatum-IMG 0273.jpg
A. sect. Fimbriata (Engl.) H.Li 1979 Arisaema fimbriatum
Arisaema thunbergii subsp. urashima 4.JPG
A. sect. Flagellarisaema (Nakai) H.Hara 1971 Arisaema thunbergii
Arisaema fargesii Buchet- Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1- 371 (1911). 20210701 151512.jpg
A. sect. Franchetiana (Engl.) H. Hara 1971 Arisaema franchetianum
Arisaema nepenthoides (26634334281).jpg
A. sect. Nepenthoidea (Engl.) H. Hara 1971 Arisaema nepenthoides
Arisaema saxatile Buchet- Notul. Syst. (Paris) 2- 124 (1911). 20210627 222557.jpg
A. sect. Odorata Murata et al. 2013 Arisaema odoratum
Quan Yuan Deng Tai Lian Arisaema sikokianum -Ri Ben Da Ban Xian Hua Jing Fang Guan Osaka Sakuya Konohana Kan, Japan- (42277025661).jpg
A. sect. Pistillata (Engler) Nakai 1929 Arisaema serratum
Arisaema ciliatum - Flickr - peganum (1).jpg
A. sect. Sinarisaema Nakai 1950 Arisaema formosanum
Arisaema jacquemontii - Jacquemont's Cobra Lily on way from Gangria to Hemkund at Valley of Flowers National Park - during LGFC - VOF 2019 (15).jpg
A. sect. Tenuipistillata Engl. 1920 Arisaema jaquemontii
WhipcordCobraLily.jpg
A. sect. Tortuosa (Engler) H. Hara 1971 Arisaema tortuosum

Species

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<i>Typhonium</i> Genus of flowering plants

Typhonium is a genus in the family Araceae native to eastern and southern Asia, New Guinea, and Australia. It is most often found growing in wooded areas.

  1. Typhonium acetosellaGagnep. - Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  2. Typhonium adnatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  3. Typhonium albidinerviumC.Z.Tang & H.Li - Guangdong, Hainan, Laos, Thailand
  4. Typhonium albispathumBogner - Thailand
  5. Typhonium alismifoliumF.Muell. - Queensland, Northern Territory
  6. Typhonium angustilobumF.Muell. - Queensland, New Guinea
  7. Typhonium bachmaenseV.D.Nguyen & Hett. - Vietnam
  8. Typhonium baoshanenseZ.L.Dao & H.Li - Yunnan
  9. Typhonium blumeiNicolson & Sivad. - Japan, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, much of China, Bangladesh, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalized in Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, Borneo, Philippines, West Indies
  10. Typhonium bognerianumJ.Murata & Sookch. - Thailand
  11. Typhonium browniiSchott - Queensland, New South Wales
  12. Typhonium bulbiferumDalzell - southern India
  13. Typhonium circinnatumHett. & J.Mood - Vietnam
  14. Typhonium cochleareA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  15. Typhonium cordifoliumS.Y.Hu - Thailand
  16. Typhonium digitatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  17. Typhonium echinulatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  18. Typhonium eliosurum(F.Muell. ex Benth.) O.D.Evans - New South Wales
  19. Typhonium filiformeRidl. - Thailand, Malaysia
  20. Typhonium flagelliforme(G.Lodd.) Blume - Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory
  21. Typhonium fultumRidl. - Thailand, Malaysia
  22. Typhonium gagnepainiiJ.Murata & Sookch. - Thailand, Cambodia
  23. Typhonium gallowayiHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  24. Typhonium glaucumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  25. Typhonium griseumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  26. Typhonium hayataeSriboonma & J.Murata - Vietnam
  27. Typhonium huenseNguyen & Croat - Vietnam
  28. Typhonium hunanenseH.Li & Z.Q.Liu - Hunan
  29. Typhonium inopinatumPrain - India, Myanmar, Thailand
  30. Typhonium jinpingenseZ.L.Wang, H.Li & F.H.Bian - Yunnan
  31. Typhonium johnsonianumA.Hay & S.M.Taylor - Northern Territory of Australia
  32. Typhonium jonesiiA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  33. Typhonium laoticumGagnep. - Thailand, Laos
  34. Typhonium liliifoliumF.Muell. ex Schott - Northern Territory, Western Australia
  35. Typhonium lineareHett. & V.D.Nguyen - Vietnam
  36. Typhonium listeriPrain - Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar
  37. Typhonium medusaeHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  38. Typhonium mirabile(A.Hay) A.Hay - Melville Island of Australia
  39. Typhonium neogracileJ.Murata - Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar
  40. Typhonium nudibaccatumA.Hay - Western Australia
  41. Typhonium orbifoliumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  42. Typhonium pedatisectumGage - Myanmar
  43. Typhonium pedunculatumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  44. Typhonium peltandroidesA.Hay, M.D.Barrett & R.L.Barrett - Western Australia
  45. Typhonium penicillatumV.D.Nguyen & Hett. - Vietnam
  46. Typhonium pottingeriPrain - Myanmar
  47. Typhonium praecoxJ.Murata - Myanmar
  48. Typhonium praetermissumA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  49. Typhonium pusillumSookch., V.D.Nguyen & Hett. - Thailand
  50. Typhonium reflexumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  51. Typhonium roxburghiiSchott - Taiwan, Yunnan, Bonin Islands, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, western Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea; naturalized in Western Australia, eastern Brazil, Tanzania
  52. Typhonium russell-smithiiA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  53. Typhonium sagittariifoliumGagnep. - Thailand
  54. Typhonium saraburiensisSookch., Hett. & J.Murata - Thailand
  55. Typhonium sinhabaedyaeHett. & A.Galloway - Thailand
  56. Typhonium smitinandiiSookch. & J.Murata - Thailand
  57. Typhonium stigmatilobatumV.D.Nguyen - Vietnam
  58. Typhonium subglobosumHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  59. Typhonium tayloriiA.Hay - Northern Territory of Australia
  60. Typhonium trifoliatumF.T.Wang & H.S.Lo ex H.Li, Y.Shiao & S.L.Tseng - Mongolia, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi
  61. Typhonium trilobatum(L.) Schott - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina; naturalized in Windward Islands, Ivory Coast, Borneo, Philippines
  62. Typhonium tubispathumHett. & A.Galloway - Thailand
  63. Typhonium variansHett. & Sookch. - Thailand
  64. Typhonium vermiformeV.D.Nguyen & Croat - Vietnam
  65. Typhonium violifoliumGagnep. - Myanmar, Thailand
  66. Typhonium watanabeiJ.Murata, Sookch. & Hett. - Thailand
  67. Typhonium weipanumA.Hay - Queensland
  68. Typhonium wilbertiiA.Hay - Queensland
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Trachelospermumstar jasmine, Confederate jasmine, is a genus of evergreen woody vines in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1851. All species are native to southern and eastern Asia.

<i>Paris</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Odontochilus</i> Genus of orchids

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<i>Aletris</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Premna</i> Genus of flowering plants

Premna is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described for modern science in 1771. It is widespread through tropical and subtropical regions in Africa, southern Asia, northern Australia, and various islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

  1. Premna acuminataR.Br. - Australia, New Guinea
  2. Premna acutataW.W.Sm. - southwestern China
  3. Premna albaH.J.Lam - Palau
  4. Premna ambongensisMoldenke - Madagascar
  5. Premna amplectensWall. ex Schauer - Thailand, Myanmar
  6. Premna angolensisGürke - tropical Africa
  7. Premna angustifloraH.J.Lam - Palau
  8. Premna annulataH.R.Fletcher - Thailand, Laos, Vietnam
  9. Premna aureolepidotaMoldenke - Madagascar
  10. Premna balakrishnaniiA.Rajendran & P.Daniel - Tamil Nadu
  11. Premna balansaeDop - Vietnam
  12. Premna barbataWall. ex Schauer - Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar
  13. Premna bengalensisC.B.Clarke - Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar, Vietnam
  14. Premna bequaertiiMoldenke - Uganda, Rwanda, Zaïre
  15. Premna bracteataWall. ex C.B.Clarke - Himalayas, Tibet, Yunnan, Nepal, Assam, Bhutan, Myanmar
  16. Premna cambodianaDop - Cambodia, Vietnam
  17. Premna cavalerieiH.Lév - China
  18. Premna chevalieriDop - Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China
  19. Premna chrysoclada(Bojer) Gürke - Kenya, Tanzania, Guinea-Bissau
  20. Premna collinsaeCraib - Thailand
  21. Premna confinisC.Pei & S.L.Chen ex C.Y.Wu - China
  22. Premna congolensisMoldenke - Zaïre, Angola, Cabinda
  23. Premna cordifoliaRoxb. - Thailand, Vietnam, Malaya
  24. Premna coriaceaC.B.Clarke - Indian Subcontinent, Thailand, Andaman Islands
  25. Premna corymbosaRottler - India, Sri Lanka, Andaman & Nicobar Islands
  26. Premna crassaHand.-Mazz. - Vietnam, China
  27. Premna debianaA.Rajendran & P.Daniel - Arunachal Pradesh
  28. Premna decaryiMoldenke - Madagascar
  29. Premna decurrensH.J.Lam - Indonesia
  30. Premna discolorVerdc. - Kenya
  31. Premna dubiaCraib - Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  32. Premna esculentaRoxb. - Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand
  33. Premna fohaiensisC.Pei & S.L.Chen ex C.Y.Wu - China (Yunnan)
  34. Premna fordiiDunn - China
  35. Premna fulvaCraib - Indochina, Indonesia, China
  36. Premna garrettiiH.R.Fletcher - Thailand
  37. Premna glaberrimaWight - southern India
  38. Premna glandulosaHand.-Mazz. - China (Yunnan)
  39. Premna gracillimaVerdc. - Kenya, Tanzania
  40. Premna grandifoliaA.D.J. Meeuse, illegitimate name, = Premna hutchinsonii
  41. Premna grossaWall. ex Schauer - Myanmar
  42. Premna guillauminiiMoldenke - New Caledonia
  43. Premna hainanensisChun & F.C.How - China (Hainan)
  44. Premna hans-joachimiiVerdc. - Tanzania
  45. Premna henryana(Hand.-Mazz.) C.Y.Wu - China
  46. Premna herbaceaRoxb. - Himalayas, Yunnan, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Australia
  47. Premna hildebrandtiiGürke - Zaire, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zimbabwe
  48. Premna hispidaBenth. - West Africa
  49. Premna humbertiiMoldenke - Madagascar
  50. Premna hutchinsoniiMoldenke - Ivory Coast
  51. Premna interruptaWall. ex Schauer - southern China, Himalayas, Indochina
  52. Premna jalpaigurianaT.K.Paul - West Bengal
  53. Premna khasianaC.B.Clarke - Assam, Thailand
  54. Premna lepidellaMoldenke - Madagascar
  55. Premna ligustroidesHemsl - China
  56. Premna longiacuminataMoldenke - Madagascar
  57. Premna longifoliaRoxb. - Himalayas
  58. Premna longipetiolataMoldenke - Madagascar
  59. Premna lucensA.Chev. - West Africa
  60. Premna macrophyllaWall. ex Schauer - Assam, Indochina
  61. Premna madagascariensisMoldenke - Madagascar
  62. Premna mariannarumSchauer - Mariana Islands
  63. Premna matadiensisMoldenke - Zaïre, Angola
  64. Premna maximaT.C.E. Fr. - Kenya
  65. Premna mekongensisW.W.Sm. - China (Yunnan)
  66. Premna micranthaSchauer - India, Assam, Bangladesh
  67. Premna microphyllaTurcz. - Japan, Ryukyu Islands, China
  68. Premna millefloraC.B.Clarke - Assam
  69. Premna milneiBaker - Nigeria, Bioko
  70. Premna minorDomin - Queensland
  71. Premna mollissimaRoth - Indian Subcontinent, Yunnan, Indochina, Philippines
  72. Premna mooiensis(H.Pearson) W.Piep - Mozambique, Eswatini, South Africa
  73. Premna mortehaniiDe Wild - Zaïre
  74. Premna mundanthuraiensisA.Rajendran & P.Daniel - Tamil Nadu
  75. Premna neurophyllaChiov. - Ethiopia
  76. Premna oblongataMiq. - Indonesia, Philippines
  77. Premna odorataBlanco - - Indian Subcontinent, Yunnan, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, northern Australia; naturalized in Miami-Dade County in Florida
  78. Premna oliganthaC.Y.Wu - China
  79. Premna oligotrichaBaker - Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania
  80. Premna orangeanaCapuron - Madagascar
  81. Premna paisehensisC.Pei & S.L.Chen - China (Guangxi)
  82. Premna pallescensRidl.- Borneo, Indonesia
  83. Premna parasiticaBlume - Indonesia
  84. Premna parvilimbaC.Pei - China (Yunnan)
  85. Premna paucinervis(C.B.Clarke) Gamble - Kerala, Tamil Nadu
  86. Premna paulobarbataH.J.Lam - Mariana Islands
  87. Premna perplexansMoldenke - Madagascar
  88. Premna perrieriMoldenke - Madagascar
  89. Premna pinguisC.B.Clarke - Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Java
  90. Premna politaHiern - Angola
  91. Premna procumbensMoon - India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka
  92. Premna protrusaA.C.Sm. & S.Darwin - Fiji
  93. Premna puberulaPamp. - China
  94. Premna pubescensBlume - Indonesia, Philippines, Christmas Island
  95. Premna puerensisY.Y.Qian - China (Yunnan)
  96. Premna punduanaWall. ex Schauer - Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bangladesh
  97. Premna puniceaC.Y.Wu - China (Yunnan)
  98. Premna purpurascensThwaites - Sri Lanka
  99. Premna quadrifoliaSchumach. & Thonn. - West Africa
  100. Premna rabakensisMoldenke - Cambodia
  101. Premna regularisH.J.Lam - Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea
  102. Premna repensH.R.Fletcher - Thailand
  103. Premna resinosa(Hochst.) Schauer - East Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India
  104. Premna richardsiaeMoldenke - Tanzania
  105. Premna rubroglandulosaC.Y.Wu - China (Yunnan)
  106. Premna scandensRoxb. - China (Yunnan), Himalayas, Andaman Island, Indochina
  107. Premna schimperiEngl - East Africa
  108. Premna schliebeniiWerderm. - Tanzania, Mozambique
  109. Premna scoriarumW.W.Sm. - Tibet, Yunnan, Myanmar
  110. Premna senensisKlotzsch - eastern + central Africa
  111. Premna serrataH.R.Fletcher - Thailand
  112. Premna serratifoliaL. - widespread in East Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, northern Australia, islands of Pacific + Indian Oceans
  113. Premna siamensisH.R.Fletcher - Thailand
  114. Premna stenobotrysMerr. - Vietnam
  115. Premna steppicolaHand.-Mazz. - China
  116. †Premna sterculiifoliaKing & Gamble - Malaya but extinct
  117. Premna straminicaulisC.Y.Wu - China (Yunnan)
  118. Premna subcapitataRehder - China
  119. Premna sulphurea(Baker) Gürke - Angola
  120. Premna sunyiensisC.Pei - China (Guangdong)
  121. Premna szemaoensisPei - China (Yunnan)
  122. Premna tahitensisJ.Schauer - many islands of the Pacific
  123. Premna tanganyikensisMoldenke - Tanzania, Mozambique
  124. Premna tapintzeanaDop - China (Yunnan)
  125. Premna teniiC.Pei - China (Yunnan)
  126. Premna thoreliiDop - Laos
  127. Premna thwaitesiiC.B.Clarke - Sri Lanka
  128. Premna tomentosaWilld. - Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Queensland, Solomon Islands
  129. Premna trichostomaMiq. - Southeast Asia, Indonesia, New Guinea
  130. Premna urticifoliaRehder - China (Yunnan)
  131. Premna velutinaGürke - Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique
  132. Premna venulosaMoldenke - Madagascar
  133. Premna wightianaSchauer - India, Sri Lanka
  134. Premna wuiBoufford & B.M.Barthol. - China (Yunnan)
  135. Premna yunnanensisW.W.Sm - China
<i>Kobresia</i> Genus of grass-like plants

Kobresia is a genus of plants in the sedge family. They are sometimes called bog sedges. These perennial sedges are quite similar to Carex species in appearance. The genus is widespread across much of Europe, Asia and North America, with many species native to the Himalayas.

<i>Ponerorchis</i> Species of plant

Ponerorchis is a genus of Asian terrestrial tuberous orchids. It is native to temperate Eurasia, from Poland to Japan, to the north of the Indian subcontinent and to northern Indochina.

<i>Remusatia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Remusatia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains 4 known species, one of which was described in 1987. This species was initially placed in genus Gonatanthus called Gonatanthus ornatus. After the genus had been sunk into Remusatia its new name was Remusatia ornatus, but it was later changed to Remusatia hookeriana.

<i>Sauromatum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Sauromatum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus is native to tropical Africa, tropical Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula. Their inflorescences last for only a few hours to a day and give off an unpleasant smell. The inflorescence disperses its odor by heating up.

  1. Sauromatum brevipes(Hook.f.) N.E.Br. - Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
  2. Sauromatum brevipilosum(Hett. & Sizemore) Cusimano & Hett. - Sumatra
  3. Sauromatum diversifolium(Wall. ex Schott) Cusimano & Hett. - eastern Himalayas, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Cambodia
  4. Sauromatum gaoligongenseJ.C.Wang & H.Li - Yunnan
  5. Sauromatum giganteum(Engl.) Cusimano & Hett. - Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet
  6. Sauromatum hirsutum(S.Y.Hu) Cusimano & Hett. - Yunnan, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
  7. Sauromatum horsfieldiiMiq. - Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Sumatra, Java, Bali
  8. Sauromatum tentaculatum(Hett.) Cusimano & Hett. - Thailand
  9. Sauromatum venosum(Dryand. ex Aiton) Kunth - tropical Africa from Ethiopia south to Mozambique and west to Cameroon; Yemen, Saudi Arabia; Indian Subcontinent; Myanmar; Tibet, Yunnan
<i>Urceola</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Urceola is a plant genus in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1798. It is native to China, the Himalayas, Southeast Asia, and New Guinea.

<i>Elsholtzia</i> Genus of plants

Elsholtzia is a plant genus in the Lamiaceae. It is widespread across much of temperate and tropical Asia from Siberia south to China, Northeastern India, Indonesia, etc. The genus was named in honour of the Prussian naturalist Johann Sigismund Elsholtz.

  1. Elsholtzia amurensisProb. - Amur region of Russia
  2. Elsholtzia angustifolia(Loes.) Kitag. - Korea, Manchuria
  3. Elsholtzia argyiH.Lév. - southern China, Vietnam
  4. Elsholtzia beddomeiC.B.Clarke ex Hook.f. - Myanmar, Thailand
  5. Elsholtzia blanda(Benth.) Benth. - southern China, Himalayas, Indochina, Sumatra, Viet Nam
  6. Elsholtzia bodinieriVaniot - Guizhou, Yunnan
  7. Elsholtzia byeonsanensisM.Kim - South Korea
  8. Elsholtzia capituligeraC.Y.Wu - Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
  9. Elsholtzia cephalanthaHand.-Mazz. - Sichuan
  10. Elsholtzia ciliata(Thunb.) Hyl. - widespread across Siberia, Russian Far East, China, India, Himalayas, Japan, Korea, Indochina
  11. Elsholtzia communis(Collett & Hemsl.) Diels - Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  12. Elsholtzia concinnaVautier - Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan
  13. Elsholtzia cyprianii(Pavol.) C.Y.Wu & S.Chow - central + southern China
  14. Elsholtzia densaBenth. - India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Tibet, Xinjiang, China, Mongolia
  15. Elsholtzia eriocalyxC.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang - southern China
  16. Elsholtzia eriostachya(Benth.) Benth. - China, Tibet, Himalayas
  17. Elsholtzia feddeiH.Lév - China, Tibet
  18. Elsholtzia flavaBenth. - China, Himalayas
  19. Elsholtzia fruticosa(D.Don) Rehder - China, Himalayas, Tibet, Myanmar
  20. Elsholtzia glabraC.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang - China
  21. Elsholtzia griffithiiHook.f - Myanmar, Assam
  22. Elsholtzia hallasanensisY.N.Lee - Jeju-do Island in Korea
  23. Elsholtzia heterophyllaDiels - Yunnan, Myanmar
  24. Elsholtzia hunanensisHand.-Mazz. - southern China
  25. Elsholtzia kachinensisPrain - southern China, Myanmar, Thailand
  26. Elsholtzia litangensisC.X.Pu & W.Y.Chen - Sichuan
  27. Elsholtzia luteolaDiels - Sichuan, Yunnan
  28. Elsholtzia minimaNakai - Jeju-do Island in Korea
  29. Elsholtzia myosurusDunn - Sichuan, Yunnan
  30. Elsholtzia nipponicaOhwi - Japan
  31. Elsholtzia ochroleucaDunn - Sichuan, Yunnan
  32. Elsholtzia oldhamiiHemsl. - Taiwan
  33. Elsholtzia pendulifloraW.W.Sm - Yunnan, Thailand, Vietnam
  34. Elsholtzia pilosa(Benth.) Benth. - China, Himalayas, Myanmar, Vietnam
  35. Elsholtzia pubescensBenth. - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Sulawesi
  36. Elsholtzia pygmaeaW.W.Sm. - Yunnan
  37. Elsholtzia rugulosaHemsl - southern China, Myanmar, Thailand
  38. Elsholtzia serotinaKom - northern China, Japan, Korea, Primorye
  39. Elsholtzia soulieiH.Lév. - Sichuan, Yunnan
  40. Elsholtzia splendensNakai ex F.Maek. - China, Korea
  41. Elsholtzia stachyodes(Link) Raizada & H.O.Saxena - Indian Subcontinent, China, Myanmar
  42. Elsholtzia stauntoniiBenth. - northern China
  43. Elsholtzia strobilifera(Benth.) Benth. - China, Himalayas, Myanmar
  44. Elsholtzia winitianaCraib - Yunnan, Guangxi, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
<i>Isodon</i> Genus of flowering plants

Isodon (teacost) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae described in 1840. It is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World, primarily Asia but two species are from Africa. Many of the species are endemic to China, where it is called xiangchacai or "fragrant tea".

<i>Lemyra stigmata</i> Species of moth

Lemyra stigmata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1865. It is found in China, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.

References

  1. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. ↑ Flora China Vol. 23 Page 43, 天南星属 tian nan xing shu, Arisaema Martius, Flora. 14: 459. 1831.
  4. ↑ Flora of North America, Vol. 22, Arisaema Martius, Flora. 14: 459. 1831.
  5. 1 2 3 Renner, S. S.; Zhang, L.-B.; Murata, J. (2004), "A chloroplast phylogeny of Arisaema (Araceae) illustrates Tertiary floristic links between Asia, North America, and East Africa", American Journal of Botany, 91 (6): 881–8, doi:10.3732/ajb.91.6.881, PMID   21653444
  6. ↑ Vitt, P.; Holsinger, K. E.; Jones, C. S. (2003), "Local differentiation and plasticity in size and sex expression in jack-in-the-pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae)", American Journal of Botany, 90 (12): 1729–35, doi: 10.3732/ajb.90.12.1729 , PMID   21653349
  7. ↑ Ohi-Toma, Tetsuo; Wu, Sugong; Murata, Hiroko; Murata, Jin (2016-06-30). "An updated genus-wide phylogenetic analysis of Arisaema (Araceae) with reference to sections". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Oxford University Press (OUP). 182 (1): 100–114. doi: 10.1111/boj.12459 . ISSN   0024-4074.
  8. ↑ Wang, Xiao-Yun; Du, Wen-Yan; Ma, Zheng-Xu (2019-03-12). "A new species and a new combination of the genus Arisaema (Araceae) from China". Phytotaxa. 395 (4): 265–276. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.395.4.2. ISSN   1179-3163. S2CID   91843915.

Bibliography

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