Astroblepus

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Astroblepus
Astroblepus sabalo.jpg
Astroblepus sabalo
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Superfamily: Loricarioidea
Family: Astroblepidae
Bleeker, 1862
Genus: Astroblepus
Humboldt, 1805
Type species
Astroblepus grixalvii
Humboldt, 1805

Astroblepus is a genus of fish in the family Astroblepidae found in South America and Panama. This genus is the only member of its family. [1] These catfishes are primarily found in torrential streams in the Andean area. [1] Astroblepus pholeter and A. riberae are troglobites adapted to living in subterranean water systems. [2] These species are typically small, less than 10 cm (4 in). [1] The largest species reaches 30 cm (1 ft). [1] These fish have suckermouths like those of loricariids. They have two pairs of barbels, maxillary and nasal. The dorsal fin spine lacks a locking mechanism. [3] These fish also have odontodes, tiny teeth on their skin. All species exhibit a conical, pointy type on their fin rays like that found in other loricarioids; other species also exhibit a blunt type that is only found on their skin. [3]

Some of these fish are able to live in high altitude and climb the faces of waterfalls. [3] Their climbing ability comes from specially developed pelvic fins, as well as their suckermouths. [3] In their Neotropical Andean habitat, dry and wet seasons are quite extreme, and odontodes may help in sensing food, mates and water flow, as well as help cling to surfaces. [3] They feed upon invertebrates, such as caterpillars and annelids. [3]

The Astroblepidae were usually placed within Siluriformes as the sister family of Loricariidae, [4] [5] but a recent study found them to be more closely related to the family Scoloplacidae. [6] [7]

Species

There are currently 80 recognized species in this genus:

Related Research Articles

<i>Ancistrus</i> Genus of fishes

Ancistrus is a genus of nocturnal freshwater fish in the family Loricariidae of order Siluriformes, native to freshwater habitats in South America and Panama. Fish of this genus are common in the aquarium trade where they are known as bushynose or bristlenose catfish. In the aquarium hobby they are often referred to as bushynose or bristlenose plecos instead, but this may lead to confusion as "pleco" usually is used for Hypostomus plecostomus and its allies and is often used as a catchall term for any loricariids remotely resembling that species.

<i>Rineloricaria</i> Genus of fishes

Rineloricaria is a genus of freshwater tropical catfish belonging to the family Loricariidae. They are commonly called whiptail catfish because of the long filament that grows out of the tip of the caudal fin that is characteristic of the genus. With the exception of R. altipinnis from Panama, they are native to the rivers of northern and central South America. Some species are regularly seen in the aquarium trade.

<i>Trichomycterus</i> Genus of fishes

Trichomycterus is a genus of fish in the family Trichomycteridae, the largest genus of its family with over 170 species currently described. This genus is native to freshwater habitats in Central and South America. These fish are generally small, usually about 5 to 15 cm (2–6 in) in standard length, although the largest, T. rivulatus, can reach more than twice this size. Species differ from one another primarily in body proportions, fin ray counts and colouration. Despite their relatively small size, some, such as T. punctulatus, support fisheries and are important in the local cuisine.

<i>Sturisoma</i> Genus of fishes

Sturisoma is a genus of armored catfishes native to Central and South America.

<i>Loricaria</i> Genus of fishes

Loricaria is a genus of armored catfish native to South America.

<i>Cathorops</i> Genus of fishes

Cathorops is a genus of catfishes in the family Ariidae found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. These species are found in the eastern and western Central and South America in brackish and freshwater habitats. This genus is a strongly supported clade of this family. It consists of a natural group in which the monophyly is well-defined by morphological and molecular evidence and the genus probably includes several unrecognized species from both American coasts.

<i>Henonemus</i> Genus of fishes

Henonemus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.

<i>Chaetostoma</i> Genus of fishes

Chaetostoma, also known as the bristlemouth catfish, is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America with one species, C. fischeri, extending into Panama. Most species inhabit flowing rivers in the lower Andes and its foothills. Some species are kept in unheated aquaria.

Lebiasina is a genus of fishes found in tropical South America, where they inhabit well-oxygenated upland streams that originate in the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, the Guianan Highlands in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela, and Serra do Cachimbo in Brazil. The individual species tend to have relatively small ranges and the three species of Serra do Cachimbo, all restricted to the Curuá River basin, are considered threatened by Brazil's Ministry of the Environment.

Imparfinis is a genus of three-barbeled catfishes native to South America, with a single species in Central America.

<i>Astroblepus chapmani</i> Species of fish

Astroblepus chapmani is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found in the Magdalena River in Colombia.

Astroblepus eigenmanni is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found on Ecuador.

<i>Astroblepus grixalvii</i> Species of fish

Astroblepus grixalvii is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found in Colombia and Ecuador.

<i>Astroblepus guentheri</i> Species of fish

Astroblepus guentheri is a carnivorous species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found in rainforest streams in the basin of the Magdalena-Cauca rivers and in some Pacific slope rivers in Colombia. It is an uncommon and not well studied species.

<i>Astroblepus homodon</i> Species of fish

Astroblepus homodon is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found in Colombia.

Astroblepus mariae is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found on the Meta River in Colombia and Venezuela.

Astroblepus nicefori is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found of the Cauca River and the Magdalena River in Colombia.

Astroblepus regani is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found in Ecuador.

Astroblepus simonsii is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found in Peru.

Chaetostoma floridablancaensis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs only in Colombia. The species reaches 10.1 cm SL, was described in 2013, and was named for the municipality of Floridablanca in Colombia's Santander Department, the homeland of Carlos A. Ardila Rodríguez, the description's author.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Astroblepus in FishBase . June 2016 version.
  2. ↑ Romero, A. (2001). The biology of hypogean fishes. Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. Springer Netherlands. p. 376. ISBN   978-1-4020-0076-8.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Schaefer, S.A.; Buitrago-Suárez, U.A. (2002). "Odontode morphology and skin surface features of Andean astroblepid catfishes (Siluriformes, Astroblepidae)". Journal of Morphology. 254 (2): 139–148. doi:10.1002/jmor.10024. PMID   12353298. S2CID   27019672.
  4. ↑ Diogo, Rui (2004-11-01). "Phylogeny, origin and biogeography of catfishes: support for a Pangean origin of 'modern teleosts' and reexamination of some Mesozoic Pangean connections between the Gondwanan and Laurasian supercontinents". Animal Biology. 54 (4): 331–351. doi:10.1163/1570756042729546. ISSN   1570-7563.
  5. ↑ Sullivan, John P.; Lundberg, John G.; Hardman, Michael (2006). "A phylogenetic analysis of the major groups of catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) using rag1 and rag2 nuclear gene sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 41 (3): 636–662. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.044. PMID   16876440.
  6. ↑ Rivera-Rivera, Carlos J.; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (2017-10-25). "Trunk dental tissue evolved independently from underlying dermal bony plates but is associated with surface bones in living odontode-bearing catfish". Proc. R. Soc. B. 284 (1865): 20171831. doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.1831. ISSN   0962-8452. PMC   5666107 . PMID   29046381.
  7. ↑ Rivera-Rivera, Carlos J.; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. (October 2018). "Back to the roots: Reducing evolutionary rate heterogeneity among sequences gives support for the early morphological hypothesis of the root of Siluriformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 272–279. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.004 . ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   29885935. S2CID   47014511.
  8. 1 2 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2011): Astroblepus itae, Astroblepus acostai. Dos nuevas especies del Río Cáchira y Río Sinú, Colombia. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 16 pp.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2015): Five new species of astroblepid fish for Colombian Andes. Archived 2016-11-21 at the Wayback Machine Revista de la Asociación Colombiana de Ciencias Biológicas, 27 (1): 124-135.
  10. ↑ Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2012): Astroblepus ardilai sp. nov. Una nuevas especie de pez del los Andes del Municipio de Floridablanca, Departamento de Norte de Santander – Colombia. Peces del Departamento de Santander – Colombia, 5: 1-21.
  11. ↑ Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2011). "Astroblepus cacharas (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Astroblepidae), nueva especie del río Cáchira, cuenca del río Magdalena, Colombia". Dahlia. 11: 23–33.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2013): Astroblepus hidalgoi – A. floridaensis – A. huallagaensis y A. cajamarcaensis: Cuatro nuevas especies de los Andes del Peru. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 22pp.
  13. 1 2 3 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2014): Astroblepus tamboensis – A. chinchaoensis y A. moyanensis: Tres nuevas especies de los Andes del Peru. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 22pp.
  14. 1 2 3 4 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2015): Astroblepus verai sp. nov. – A. pradai, A. curitiensis y A. onzagaensis. Cuatro nuevas especies del Departamento de Santander – Colombia. Barranquilla, Departamento del Atlántico, 2015 (7): 1-24.
  15. ↑ Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2016): Astroblepus floridablancaensis sp. nov. una nueva Especie de Janbonero (Siluriformes: Astroblepidae) del Municipio de Floridablanca, Departamento de Santander – Colombia. Peces del Departamento de Santander – Colombia, 8: 1-20.
  16. 1 2 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2013): Astroblepus martinezi y Astroblepus jimenezae: Dos nuevas especies del Río Sinú y Río Atrato, Colombia. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 20pp.
  17. ↑ Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2014): Astroblepus mendezi sp. nov. una nueva especie de pez de Panamá. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 17pp.
  18. 1 2 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2012): Astroblepus ortegai y Astroblepus quispei. Dos nuevas especies des los Andes del Perú. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 16 pp.
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