The athletics competition in the 1959 Central American and Caribbean Games were held in Caracas, Venezuela in January.
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 metres | Jean Holmes | 13.04 | Yolanda Vinocourt | 13.31 | María Treviño | 13.33 |
| 80 metres hurdles | Guillermina Peña | 12.87 | Benilda Ascanio | 12.92 | Silvia Hunte | 13.43 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Marcela Daniel Lorraine Dunn Silvia Hunte Jean Holmes | 50.51 (50.5) | Guillermina Peña Raquel Trujillo Ma. Teresa Treviño Yolanda Vincourt | 51.81 (51.7) | Benilde Ascanio Alvia Ford Biserka de Vamich Morella Ettedgui | 53.26 (53.2) |
| High jump | Benilda Ascanio | 1.43 | Margarita Kabsch | 1.40 | Silvia Hunte | 1.40 |
| Discus throw | Lili Schulter | 40.79 | Ivonne Rojano | 37.19 | Nerva Matheus | 31.04 |
| Javelin throw | Berta Chiú | 35.21 | Raquel Trujillo | 35.14 | Mercedes García | 34.75 |
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 29 | |
| 2 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 19 | |
| 3 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 22 | |
| 4 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 5 | |
| 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
| 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Totals (9 entries) | 28 | 28 | 28 | 84 | |