Barbarea

Barbarea
Barbarea vulgaris
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Brassicales
Family:	Brassicaceae
Genus:	Barbarea W. T. Aiton
Synonyms [1]
CampeDulac Ceriosperma(O.E.Schulz) Greuter & Burdet

Barbarea (winter cress or yellow rocket) is a genus of about 29 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae. Most are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest species diversity in southern Europe and southwest Asia. ^[1] They are small, herbaceous, biennial or perennial plants with dark green, deeply lobed leaves and yellow flowers with four petals.

Species

29 species and three natural interspecies hybrids are accepted. ^[1]

• Barbarea × abortiva Hausskn.
• Barbarea anfractuosa (Hartvig & Å.Strid) Bağcı & Savran
• Barbarea arcuata (Opiz ex J.Presl & C.Presl) Rchb.
• Barbarea auriculata Hausskn. ex Bornm.
• Barbarea australis Hook.f.
• Barbarea balcana Pančić
• Barbarea bosniaca Murb.
• Barbarea bracteosa Guss.
• Barbarea duralii Bağcı & Savran
• Barbarea × gradlii Murr
• Barbarea grandiflora N.Busch
• Barbarea grayi Hewson
• Barbarea hongii Al-Shehbaz & G.Yang
• Barbarea integrifolia DC.
• Barbarea intermedia Boreau
• Barbarea × krausei P.Fourn.
• Barbarea lepuznica Nyár.
• Barbarea longirostris Velen.
• Barbarea lutea Coode & Cullen
• Barbarea macrocarpa (Boiss. & Heldr.) Al-Shehbaz & Jacquemoud
• Barbarea oligosperma K.Koch
• Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb.
• Barbarea plantaginea DC.
• Barbarea platycarpa Hausskn. ex Bornm.
• Barbarea rupicola Moris
• Barbarea × schulzeana Hausskn.
• Barbarea sicula C.Presl
• Barbarea stricta Andrz. ex Besser
• Barbarea taiwaniana Ohwi
• Barbarea trichopoda Hausskn. ex Bornm.
• Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch.
• Barbarea vulgaris W.T.Aiton

Uses

They grow into rosettes of edible cress foliage that resemble dandelion leaves. Barbarea verna, known as upland cress, early winter cress, American cress, Belle Isle cress and scurvy grass, is used to add a spicy taste to salads and mixed leaf greens for cooking. ^{[2] [ additional citation(s) needed ]}

Chemical compounds

Winter cress contains different glucosinolates, flavonoids, and saponins. ^{[3] [4] [5]}

See also

• Rocket (arugula)

References

1. "Barbarea W.T.Aiton". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 18 September 2025.
2. Angier, Bradford (1974). Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books. p. 250. ISBN   0-8117-0616-8. OCLC   799792.
3. Vera Kuzina; Jens Kvist Nielsen; Jörg Manfred Augustin; Anna Maria Torp; Søren Bak; Sven Bode Andersen (2011). "Barbarea vulgaris linkage map and quantitative trait loci for saponins, glucosinolates, hairiness and resistance to the herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum". Phytochemistry . 72 (2–3): 188–198. Bibcode:2011PChem..72..188K. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.007. PMID   21130479.
4. Lea Dalby-Brown; Carl Erik Olsen; Jens Kvist Nielsen; Niels Agerbirk (2011). "Polymorphism for novel tetraglycosylated flavonols in an eco-model crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry . 59 (13): 6947–6956. Bibcode:2011JAFC...59.6947D. doi:10.1021/jf200412c. PMID   21615154.
5. Niels Agerbirk & Carl Erik Olsen (2011). "Isoferuloyl derivatives of five seed glucosinolates in the crucifer genus Barbarea". Phytochemistry . 72 (7): 610–623. Bibcode:2011PChem..72..610A. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.034. PMID   21354584.

External links

• Flora Europaea: Barbarea
• Flora of China: Barbarea
• Data related to Barbarea at Wikispecies