Belgian heraldry

Last updated

Brabantian Lion carried by Floris de Merode, Baron of Leefdael during the Funeral of Albert VII. This emblem of the dukes of Brabant is now the coat of arms of Belgium. Pompa funebris Albert Ardux - duc Brabantiae.jpg
Brabantian Lion carried by Floris de Merode, Baron of Leefdael during the Funeral of Albert VII. This emblem of the dukes of Brabant is now the coat of arms of Belgium.
18th century roll of arms of members of the Drapery Court of Brussels. Armorial de la Gilde Drapiere Bruxelles 02.jpg
18th century roll of arms of members of the Drapery Court of Brussels.

Belgian heraldry is the form of coats of arms and other heraldic bearings and insignia used in the Kingdom of Belgium and the Belgian colonial empire but also in the historical territories that make up modern-day Belgium. Today, coats of arms in Belgium are regulated and granted by different bodies depending on the nature, status, and location of the armiger.

Contents

Characteristics

The characteristic of Belgian heraldry are similar to varying degrees to those of its neighbouring countries' (France, Netherlands, Germany).

Helms

In Belgium, barred helms are most commonly used, and are not reserved for the nobility like in some jurisdictions. They most often have gold bars, as well as a gold collar and trim. They are often lined and attached to the escutcheon with a shield strap. [1]

Mottos

A distinct characteristic that is not found in anglo-saxon heraldry is that the motto, motto scroll and letters thereon are blazoned.

History

Belgian heraldry in the 16th century, displayed on the roll of arms of the knights of the Golden Fleece. Made in the first half of the 16th century. Archive-ugent-be-E9966662-A46F-11E7-97F2-678719B1B84C DS-3 (cropped).jpg
Belgian heraldry in the 16th century, displayed on the roll of arms of the knights of the Golden Fleece. Made in the first half of the 16th century.

Terminology

Like English and some other countries' heraldry, achievements of arms are usually blazoned in a specialized jargon.

Tinctures Heraldic Shield Or.svg Heraldic Shield Argent.svg Heraldic Shield Azure.svg Heraldic Shield Gules.svg Heraldic Shield Vert.svg Heraldic Shield Purpure.svg Heraldic Shield Sable.svg Blason de Bretagne.svg Heraldic Shield Vair.svg
EnglishOrArgentAzureGulesVertPurpureSableErmineVair
FrenchOrArgentAzurGueulesSinoplePourpreSableHermineVair
DutchGoud/Or
Zilver/Argent
Azuur/Lazuur
(Blauw)
Keel
(Rood)
Sinopel
(Groen)
Purper
Sabel
(Zwart)
Hermelijn
Vair
Ordinaries Pale demo.svg Fess demo.svg Bend demo.svg Bend Sinister demo.svg Blason-argent-croix-gueules.svg Blason ville fr Offignies (Somme).svg Chevron demo.svg Bordure demo.svg
EnglishPaleFessBendBend sinisterCrossSaltireChevronBordure
FrenchPalFasceBandeBarreCroixSautoirChevronBordure
DutchPaalDwarsbalkSchuinbalkLinker schuinbalk
or baar
KruisSchuinkruis
or andrieskruis
KeperSchildzoom
Division
of the field
Escudo cortado.JPG Escudo partido.JPG Complete Guide to Heraldry Fig049.png Escudo tajado.JPG Escudo cruz.JPG Escudo aspa.JPG
EnglishParty per fessParty per paleParty per bendParty per
bend sinister
QuarterlyParty per saltire
FrenchCoupéPartiTranchéTailléÉcarteléEn sautoir
DutchDoorsnedenGedeeldGeschuindLinksgeschuindGevierendeeld
(in vier kwartieren)
Schuin gevierendeeld

Civic heraldry

National arms

Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Belgium
Great coat of arms of Belgium.svg
Adopted
17 March 1837
Coronet
Royal Crown of Belgium
Crest
A helmet with raised visor or
Escutcheon
Sable, a lion rampant or, armed and langued Gules
Supporters
Two lions guardant proper each supporting a lance Gules point or with two National Flags of Belgium (Tierced per pale Sable, or and Gules).
Compartment
Underneath the compartment is placed the ribbon Gules with two stripes Sable charged with the motto
Motto
L'union fait la force
Orders
The grand collar of the Order of Leopold
Other elements
Two crossed sceptres (a hand of justice and a lion) or behind a shield. The whole is placed on a mantle Gules with ermine lining, fringes and tassels Or and ensigned with the Royal Crown of Belgium. Above the mantle rise banners with the arms of the nine provinces that constituted Belgium in 1837. They are (from dexter to sinister) Antwerp, West Flanders, East Flanders, Liège, Brabant, Hainaut, Limburg, Luxembourg and Namur

Other versions

Communities, regions, and language areas

Provinces

Municipal heraldry

Municipal heraldry is regulated through the competent council of the community in question, which are the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology for the French Community and the Flemish Heraldic Council for the Flemish Community. [3] [4]

Colonial heraldry

Royal heraldry

The coats of arms of the Belgian royal family is currently regulated by a Royal Decree published on 19 July 2019 and signed on the same day, by King Philippe. This decree also reinstated the Saxonian escutcheon in all the royal versions of the family's coat of arms. [5] [6] The reinstatement of the shield of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha into the royal arms occurred shortly after the visit of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde to the ancestral Friedenstein Castle. [7] The king also added translations of the motto into the three official languages of Belgium, to reflect his wish "to be the King of the whole Kingdom and of all Belgians". [8] The latest royal decree therefore reverses previous changes made to the Royal versions of the coat arms which removed the armorial bearings of Saxony during the First World War.

Coats of arms of the King
Coats of arms of the Royal family
Council of Heraldry and Vexillology Coat of arms of the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology.svg
Council of Heraldry and Vexillology
Flemish Heraldic Council Vlaamse Heraldische Raad wapen.svg
Flemish Heraldic Council

Individuals and families

Like civic arms, arms of non-noble individuals and families (in the form of family associations) are regulated by the competent council of the community in question. [3] These are the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology for the French Community [9] and the Flemish Heraldic Council for the Flemish Community. [3] Today, both councils grant a helm with torse and mantling as well as a motto as additaments of the shield. The additaments reserved for the nobility, such as crowned helmets (i.e. crest coronets) and rank crowns (coronets), supporters, banners and battle cries, mantles and pavilions, are prohibited. [3]

Before that, the Genealogical and Heraldic Office of Belgium recorded the arms of persons and families. [3]

Nobility

Arms of the Belgian nobility are regulated by the Council of Nobility. [3]

Coronets rankings

Royal Crown of Belgium (Heraldic).svg
King
Princely Crown of Belgium (Heraldic).svg
Crown prince
Rangkronen-Fig. 10.svg
Prince
Rangkronen-Fig. 04.svg
Duke
Rangkronen-Fig. 15.svg
Marquess
Rangkronen-Fig. 18.svg
Count
Rangkronen-Fig. 25.svg
Viscount
Rangkronen-Fig. 27.svg
Baron
Rangkronen-Fig. 34.svg
Knight
Rangkronen-Fig. 38.svg
Squire

Ecclesiastical heraldry

See also

Notes and references

  1. 1 2 Conseil d’héraldique et de vexillologie (2016). Vadémécum à l'usage des requérants [Handbook for Applicants](PDF) (in French). Ministère de la Communauté française.
  2. Wapenrol van de ridders van het Gulden Vlies (fragment) [Coat of Arms of the Knights of the Golden Fleece (Fragment)] (in Dutch), retrieved 27 August 2020 via lib.ugent.be
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Héraldique en Belgique" [Heraldry in Belgium]. Association Royale Office Généalogique et Héraldique de Belgique (in French). Retrieved 17 June 2020.
  4. Meuwissen, Eric (20 July 1995). "Les Miroirs de l'identite communale mode d'emploi ils sont sept a veiller sur nos armoiries" [The Mirrors of Municipal Identity, Instructions for Use, There Are Seven to Watch over Our Coat of Arms]. Le Soir (in French). Retrieved 17 June 2020.
  5. "Arrêté royal du 12 juillet 2019" [Royal Decree of July 12, 2019] (in French). 19 July 2019. Retrieved 23 July 2019 via Moniteur Belge.
  6. Boffey, Daniel (2 August 2019). "Saxe Appeal: King of Belgium Reintroduces German Lineage". The Guardian.
  7. Ilse, Jess (13 July 2019). "King Philippe and Queen Mathilde Visit Ancestral Castles During Visit to German States". Royal Central. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
  8. "Belgian Royal Coat of Arms Gets a 'Modern' Update". Brussel Times. 1 August 2019. Retrieved 2 August 2019.
  9. "Des armoiries pour 150 euros" [Coat of Arms for 150 Euros]. La Libre (in French). 16 October 2003. Retrieved 17 June 2020.

Bibliography

Heraldic laws and customs in Belgium

Armorials

Individuals and families

  • P. Bohet et H. Willems, Armorial belge, Brussels, 1965.
  • Damien Breuls de Tiecken, Armorial bruxellois, Brussels, 2009.
  • Georges Dansaert, Armorial belge du bibliophile (same with viscount de Jonghe d'Ardoye and J. Havenith), Brussels, 1930.
  • Georges Dansaert, Nouvel armorial belge, ancien et moderne, précédé de l'art héraldique et ses diverses applications, Brussels : Éditions J. Moorthamers, 1949.
  • Georges de Crayencour, Dictionnaire Héraldique, tous les termes et figures du blason, Brussels : G. de Crayencour, 1974 (first edition).
  • Armorial héraldique vivante, in: Le Parchemin, Genealogical and Heraldic Office of Belgium, 2003.
  • Jan van Helmont, Dictionnaire de Renesse. Lexique héraldique illustré, Louvain, 1994.
  • Jean-Paul Springael, Armoiries de personnes physiques et d'association familiale en communauté française, edited by the direction of the Patrimoine culturel
  • Carnet Mondain
  • État présent de la noblesse belge [ fr; nl]

Municipalities

  • Lieve Viaene-Awouters and Ernest Warlop, Armoiries communales en Belgique, Communes wallonnes, bruxelloises et germanophones, 2002, 2 volumes.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monarchy of Belgium</span>

Belgium is a constitutional, hereditary and popular monarchy. The monarch is titled King of the Belgians and serves as the country's head of state and commander-in-chief of the Belgian Armed Forces. There have been seven Belgian monarchs since independence in 1830.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coat of arms of Belgium</span>

The coat of arms of Belgium bears a lion or, known as Leo Belgicus, as its charge. This is in accordance with article 193 of the Belgian Constitution: The Belgian nation takes red, yellow and black as colours, and as state coat of arms the Belgian lion with the motto UNITY MAKES STRENGTH. A royal decree of 17 March 1837 determines the achievement to be used in the greater and the lesser version, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roll of arms</span> Record of coats of arms

A roll of arms is a collection of coats of arms, usually consisting of rows of painted pictures of shields, each shield accompanied by the name of the person bearing the arms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flemish Heraldic Council</span>

The Flemish Heraldic Council advises the Flemish Government on all matters relating to heraldry. The Council was created on 11 April 1984, as the successor to the Subcommittee for Heraldry or Subcommissie Heraldiek, established in 1978. Its prime task was to supervise the granting of a coat of arms and a flag to all municipalities of the Flemish Region. Following the reorganization of the Belgian provinces, the council's field of action was extended to provincial arms and flags in 1994. Since 2000, the Council has likewise advised the Flemish Government on grants of arms to Flemish individuals and corporations. In the meantime, more than 200 such grants have received official sanction. Grants of arms by the Flemish Government are published in the Belgian official journal.

Jan Baptist Zangrius was a Flemish engraver, publisher, typographer and bookseller.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burgher arms</span>

Burgher arms or bourgeois arms are coats of arms borne by persons of the burgher social class of Europe since the Middle Ages. By definition, however, the term is alien to British heraldry, which follows other rules.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seven Noble Houses of Brussels</span> Historic patrician families in Brussels, Belgium

The Seven Noble Houses of Brussels were the seven families or clans whose descendants formed the patrician class and urban aristocracy of Brussels, Belgium.

A heraldic authority is defined as an office or institution which has been established by a reigning monarch or a government to deal with heraldry in the country concerned. It does not include private societies or enterprises which design and/or register coats of arms. Over the centuries, many countries have established heraldic authorities, and several still flourish today.

Most of the members of the Capetian dynasty bore a version of the arms of France. The arms of France were adopted by the Capetian kings only in the twelfth century. Consequently, the cadet branches that had branched off in earlier periods bore entirely different arms.

Joseph Norbert Leon François Marie Ghislain "José" Anne de Molina was a Belgian magistrate, heraldist, and historian.

This page shows the coats of arms, heraldic achievements, and heraldic flags of the House of Nassau.

Events in the year 1844 in Belgium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Van Dievoet family</span> Belgian family

The Van Dievoetfamily is a Belgian family originating from the Duchy of Brabant. It descends from the Seven Lineages of Brussels and its members have been bourgeois (freemen) of that city since the 1600s. It formed, at the end of the 17th century, a now extinct Parisian branch which used the name Vandive.

Dievoort or Dietvoort is a place name and a surname. It has many related names.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Council of Heraldry and Vexillology</span>

The Council of Heraldry and Vexillology is the Heraldic authority for the French-speaking Community of Belgium. It is the institution that advises the Government of the French-speaking Community on all matters concerning civic, personal, and familial arms and flags. Grants of arms from the Council are published in the Belgian official journal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Belgian Genealogical and Heraldic Office</span>

The Royal Belgian Genealogical and Heraldic Office is a private genealogical and heraldic society in Belgium. It was founded in 1942 as an ASBL and has over a thousand members interested in genealogy and heraldry. While it publishes exclusively in the French language, it covers all regions of Belgium.

Events in the year 1877 in Belgium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Georges Dansaert</span> Belgian jurist (1876–1960)

Georges Dansaert PB, was a Belgian lawyer, historian, poet, heraldist, genealogist, and writer from Brussels. In 1938, he received the Hercule-Catenacci prize from the Académie Française along with Baudouin de Lannoy for their book Jean de Lannoy le Bâtisseur, 1410–1493. He descended from the Houses of Sleeus and Sweerts of the Seven Noble Houses of Brussels. The Dansaert family, now extinct, was an old and prominent ship-owning family from Brussels. He was a director of the Association Royale des Descendants des Lignages de Bruxelles. He was a donat of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

The Council of Nobility offers counsel to the King of the Belgians regarding all matters pertaining to the Kingdom's nobility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Esquire (heraldry)</span> Anglophone heraldry charge

The Esquire is a heraldic charge that is classed as a subordinary in Anglophone heraldry. Its form is defined as resembling the Gyron, as formed of a right triangle; but, with the difference that whereas the Gyron extends from the outer edge of the field to the center, the Esquire extends across the whole of the field, from one edge to its opposite.