Bentonville Battlefield

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Bentonville Battlefield
BENTONVILLE BATTLEGROUND STATE HISTORIC SITE.jpg
Preserved earthworks at Bentonville Battlefield
USA North Carolina location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location in North Carolina
Location Johnston County, North Carolina
Coordinates 35°18′23″N78°19′26″W / 35.30639°N 78.32389°W / 35.30639; -78.32389
Area6,500 acres (10.2 sq mi; 26 km2) (landmarked battlefield area)
130 acres (53 ha) (state historic site area)
NRHP reference No. 70000460
Significant dates
Added to NRHPFebruary 26, 1970 [1]
Designated NHLJune 19, 1996 [2]

Bentonville Battlefield, also known as the Bentonville Battlefield State Historic Site, is an American Civil War battlefield in Johnston County, North Carolina. It was the site of the 1865 battle of Bentonville, fought in the waning days of the Civil War. The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.

Contents

Description and history

Main facade of the Harper House, used as the field hospital for the Union's Fourteenth Army Corps. HarperHouse2020.jpg
Main façade of the Harper House, used as the field hospital for the Union's Fourteenth Army Corps.

Bentonville Battlefield State Historic Site is one of more than 20 North Carolina State Historic Sites interpreting the history of the state of North Carolina. The site is located in southern Johnston County, near Newton Grove. The site has a visitors center that is located at the junction of Harper House Road and Mill Creek Church Road (County Roads 1008 and 1108, respectively), roughly at the southwestern corner of the area in which the battle took place, which extends most of the way to Bentonville, and is also the location of the Harper House, the only surviving building from the time of the battle. Evidence of earthworks erected by both Union and Confederate forces is visible in the area. [3] The site also includes an extensive driving tour and walking trails that cover the battlefield.

The Battle of Bentonville was fought March 19–21, 1865, and was the largest Civil War battle fought in North Carolina. The Confederate defeat marked a serious weakening of one of its last surviving major armies, but was a significant enough engagement that it convinced Union General Ulysses S. Grant to leave General William T. Sherman in North Carolina, in order to further subdue the surviving forces led by General Joseph E. Johnston. [3]

The American Battlefield Trust and its partners have acquired and preserved 2,063 acres (8.35 km2) of the battlefield from 1990 to 2023. [4] About 1/3 of original battlefield is owned by the state of North Carolina.

Exhibits

The Battlefield Walking Traill BentonvilleBattlefieldTrail.jpg
The Battlefield Walking Traill

Visitors to the battlefield can tour a restored Harper House, used as the field hospital for the Union's Fourteenth Army Corps, and includes a reconstructed kitchen and enslaved people's quarters. Exhibits at the park's visitor center focus on the battle, and include interactive maps, artifacts and displays about soldiers and commanders from both armies. [5] There is also a 15-minute audiovisual program about the battle. Outdoor exhibits in the park include the Federal XX Corps reserve trenches, the Harper family cemetery, a Confederate cemetery, several monuments, and a 10-mile driving tour with 8 tour stops. The site also features nearly 5 miles of walking trails along original trenches built during the battle. [6] [7]

See also

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Harper House is a historic home located near Four Oaks, North Carolina, Johnston County, North Carolina. It was built about 1855, and is a two-story, three-bay, vernacular Greek Revival style frame dwelling. It sits on the original brick pier foundation and has a hipped roof and interior end chimneys. The front facade features a two-story pedimented portico. The house served as a Union field hospital during the Battle of Bentonville and is located adjacent to the Bentonville Battlefield state historic site visitors center, which offers tours of its interior. It was bought by the state in 1957. Before the state's acquisition of the property, it was privately owned by the Dunn family, and before them the Thorntons. It served as a home for 6 of the Harper children, and two of the Harpers grandchildren during the battle.

References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. "Bentonville Battleground". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 2, 2007. Retrieved February 18, 2008.
  3. 1 2 John Goode; Paul Hawke; James H. Charleton & Patty Henry (November 22, 1994). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Bentonville Battlefield" (pdf). National Park Service.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying 4 photos, undated  (32 KB)
  4. American Battlefield Trust "Bentonville Battlefield" webpage. Accessed May 15, 2023.
  5. http://www.nchistoricsites.org/bentonvi/fiber-optic.htm Archived July 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine New Exhibits
  6. http://www.nchistoricsites.org/bentonvi/facilities.htm Archived July 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Facilities
  7. "Historic Sites: Plan Your Visit".