Bulbous dreamer | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Lophiiformes |
Family: | Oneirodidae |
Genus: | Oneirodes |
Species: | O. eschrichtii |
Binomial name | |
Oneirodes eschrichtii Lütken, 1871 | |
Synonyms [2] | |
List
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The bulbous dreamer (Oneirodes eschrichtii), or cosmoplitan dreamer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. This fish has a circumglobal distribution in tropical and temperate oceans.
The bulbous dreamer was first formally described in 1871 by the Danish zoologist and naturalist Christian Frederik Lütken with its type locality given as off the western coast of Greenland. [3] When Lütken described O. escherichtii, he placed it within a new monospecific genus, Oneirodes , so this species is the type species of that genus by monotypy. [4] As such, this is the type species of the family Oneirodidae. [5] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies this genus in the family Oneirodidae in the suborder Ceratioidei of the anglerfish order Lophiiformes. [6] Theodore Gill named the family Oneirodidae in 1878. [7]
The bulbous dreamer belongs to the genus Oneirodes, meaning "dream-like". Oneirodes was named by Christian Frederik Lütken, who did not explain this choice of name. David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann suggested in 1898 that the name referred to the small, skin-covered eyes. Alternatively, in 2009, Theodore Wells Pietsch III proposed that the name was given because the fish is "so strange and marvelous that it could only be imagined in the dark of the night during a state of unconsciousness”. The specific name, escherichtii honours Daniel Frederik Eschricht, a Danish physician, physiologist and naturalist in recognition of his contribution to the study of Nordic natural history. [8]
The bulbous dreamer has metamorphosed females that have the characteristic features of its genus but are distinguished from other species in the genus by the morphology of its esca, or lure. The esca of this species is a thick anterior appendage that is internally pigmented and shorter than the bulb of the esca. It has short filaments and a papilla at its tip. There is also a simple, tapered posterior appendage. This species has no appendages on its sides. [9] There are between 5 and 7 soft rays in the dorsal fin and there are 4 soft rays in the anal fin. This species has a maximum published total length of 29.7 cm (11.7 in). [2]
The bulbous dreamer has a circumglobal distribution. In the western Atlantic, it has been recorded from as far north as 66°N off Greenland south, as far as Bermuda, and also along the coast of North America into the Gulf of Mexico. In the eastern Atlantic, it is known from continental slope off Ireland to as far south as 40°S, although it has been recorded off Iceland. In the Indian Ocean, it has been recorded from the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea. In the Pacific Ocean, this species has been found in the Philippines and South China Sea, north to Japan and the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench at 49°N, 158°E, and south as far as New South Wales, Tasmania and New Zealand. In the eastern Pacific, it is found between 33°N and 34°S. This mesoplegaic species has been captured from depths between 750 and 2,500 m (2,460 and 8,200 ft). [1]
Fanfins or hairy anglerfish are a family, Caulophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. The fishes in this family are found almost around the world in the deeper, aphotic waters of the oceans.
Oneirodidae, the dreamers are a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. These fishes are deepwater fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans and it is the most diverse family of fishes in the bathypelagic zone.
Bertella is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Bertella idiomorpha and this can be distinguished from other members of the family by the structure of its hyomandibular bone.
Black seadevils are small, deepsea lophiiform fishes of the family Melanocetidae. The five known species are all within the genus Melanocetus. They are found in tropical to temperate waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, with one species known only from the Ross Sea.
Himantolophus groenlandicus, the Atlantic footballfish or Atlantic football-fish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Himantolophidae, the footballfishes. This fish is found primarily in mesopelagic depths of the ocean. Despite its name, this species might not be restricted to the Atlantic Ocean, with its range possibly extending into the Indian Ocean and to the Pacific Ocean. It is found in tropical and temperate regions.
Chirophryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the gneus is Chirophryne xenolophus, the longhand dreamer. This species is known from a few locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Danaphryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Danaphryne nigrifilis which is found in the tropical and temperate regions of all of the world's oceans.
Dolopichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world.
The plainchin dreamarm is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Leptacanthichthys. This species occurs in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans at depths down to 2,000 m (6,600 ft).
Lophodolos is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world.
Oneirodes is a genus of is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found around the world. This is the type genus, and the most speciose genus, of the family Oneirodidae. They are sexually dimorphic but, like most taxa within their family, the small males are free living and are not sexual parasites on the larger females. Only the females are used to identify the species in this genus as no species specific charaxcters have been found for males.
Pentherichthys is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Pentherichthys atratus which is found in the bathypelagic zones of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. The males of this species are dwarfed and are not parasitic on the females.
Caulophryne jordani, the fanfin angler, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins. This species is a deepwater species which is found in Oceanic waters around the world. Like other deepwater anglerfishes it shows extreme sexual dimorphism with the males being much smaller than the females and acting as sexual parasites of the females.
Diceratias bispinosus, the two-rod angler, is a species of deep sea marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Diceratiidae, the double anglers. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Oneirodes sanjeevani is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes known by a single specimen which was described in March 2017. The holotype was recovered by midwater trawling in the Indian Ocean west of the Maldives at 00.87°S, 67.59°E from a depth between 380 and 600 meters. The holotype, a female, has a standard length of 6.9 cm (2.7 in), with 5 soft rays in its dorsal fin and 4 in its anal fin. It is named in honor of Dr. V. N. Sanjeevan, who was the Director of the Centre for Marine Living Resources & Ecology in Kochi, Kerala, southern India.
Chaenophryne longiceps, the can-opener smoothdream, longhead dreamer or smooth-head dreamer, is a species marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes it is sexually dimorphic with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, the males are not sexual parasites.
Oneirodes carlsbergi is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. This fish is found mainly in the tropical eastern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Ceratioidei, the deep-sea anglerfishes or pelagic anglerfishes, is a suborder of marine ray-finned fishes, one of four suborders in the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. These fishes are found in tropical and temperate seas throughout the world. One of the better known traits of the deep-sea anglerfishes is their extreme sexual dimorphism where the males are many times smaller than the females, the males seek out females and use their sharp teeth to clamp onto the females where he remains for the rest of his life, in some species he becomes part of the female. This is the only known natural example of a process called parabiosis. Another common trait of deep-sea anglerfishes is that they use bioluminescence on their esca to attract prey in the darkness of the deep oceans they inhabit.
Chaenophryne melanorhabdus is a species marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the Pacific Ocean. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes dreamers are sexually dimorphic with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, the males are not sexual parasites.
Oneirodes bradburyae is a species of marine ray-finned fish belongig to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. This fish is known from a single specimen, the holotype which was collected in the Gulf of Mexico at 28°28'N, 87°18'W, the Oregon station 1028, from a depth between the surface and 780 fathoms. The species was described in 1956 by the American ichthyologist Marion Griswold Grey of the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. The holotype was a female with a standard length of 2.3 cm (0.91 in) and had a very long illicium, no incision on the upper posterior margin of the operculum. The specific name honours the American scientific illustrator and ichthyologist Margaret G. Bradbury, who worked at the Field Museum of Natural History and who illustrated Grey's description.