Byrsonima

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Byrsonima
Byrsonima intermedia.jpg
Byrsonima intermedia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Malpighiaceae
Genus: Byrsonima
Rich ex. Kunth
Diversity
> 135 species
Synonyms [1]

AlcoceratothrixNied.
CalyntrantheleNied.

Byrsonima is one of about 75 genera in the Malpighiaceae, a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. In particular in American English, they are known as locustberries (which also may refer specifically to Byrsonima coccolobifolia or Byrsonima lucida ). Another widely seen common name is serrets or serrettes.

Contents

Nance (fruit of B. crassifolia) Nanche.jpg
Nance (fruit of B. crassifolia )

Byrsonima comprises over 135 species of trees, shrubs, and subshrubs found in the New World tropics and subtropics from southern Mexico, southeastern Florida, and the Caribbean to southeastern Brazil. The plants have entire leaves, yellow flowers, and fleshy, edible fruits called nance ; B. crassifolia in particular is known by that name, as it is an underutilized crop of some commercial importance in Latin America. They are primarily pollinated by various oligolectic native bees (e.g., Centris , Epicharis , and Tetrapedia ) that are specialized to collect floral oils, as the flowers do not offer the typical floral rewards.

The fruits of serrette trees are important in the diets of certain wildlife, such as the golden conure (Guaruba guarouba), while the leaves of Byrsonima are food for some of the curious American moth-butterflies (Hedylidae). Plantings of B. crassifolia in the dry savannas of Oaxaca may even be suitable as substitute habitat for the Tehuantepec jackrabbit (Lepus flavigularis), an endangered species presently only found in three small relict populations.

Maricao (B. spicata) is the namesake tree and floral emblem of Maricao, Puerto Rico, and figured on the coat of arms of this city.

Selected species

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<i>Byrsonima crassifolia</i> Species of fruit and plant

Byrsonima crassifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Malpighiaceae, native to tropical America. Common names used in English include nance, maricao cimun, craboo, and golden spoon. In Jamaica it is called hogberry.

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<i>Byrsonima lucida</i> Species of plant

Byrsonima lucida is a species of plant in the Malpighiaceae family. It is endemic to islands in the Caribbean and to the U.S. state of Florida. It is a shrub or small tree, and produces pink flowers. Its natural habitat is hammocks in dry limestone rocklands, and in sandy pine-palm woods.

<i>Tetrapterys</i> Genus of Malpighiaceae plants

Tetrapterys is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malpighiaceae, native to Latin America and the Caribbean, from Mexico through to Argentina, but excluding Chile. Small trees, shrubs or vines, they are known to be toxic to livestock if consumed for long periods of time, and T. mucronata and T. styloptera have hallucinogenic effects in humans similar to ayahuasca.

References

  1. "Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1996-09-17. Archived from the original on 2009-05-06. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  2. "Species Records of Byrsonima". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  3. "Subordinate Taxa of !Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2010-03-30.