Capital punishment in Bulgaria

Last updated
Europe holds the greatest concentration of abolitionist states (blue). Map current as of 2023 .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Abolished for all offences Abolished in practice Retains capital punishment Death Penalty laws in Europe.svg
Europe holds the greatest concentration of abolitionist states (blue). Map current as of 2023
  Abolished for all offences
  Abolished in practice
  Retains capital punishment

Capital punishment in Bulgaria was abolished on December 12, 1998 with the last execution, that of attempted saboteur Georgi Alinski, having been carried out on November 4, 1989. [1] The Parliament of Bulgaria had introduced a moratorium on executions on July 7, 1990 and Protocol 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights came into force on October 1, 1999.

Contents

Notable executions in the 20th-century

Kingdom of Bulgaria

Executed personGenderDate of sentenceDate of executionPlace of executionCrimeMethodRef.
Marko Fridman  [ bg ]Male192527 May 1925 Sofia Communist terrorists participating in the St Nedelya Church assault Hanging [2]
Petar Zadgorski
Georgi Koev
Georgi Mandulov  [ bg ]27 June 1925 Anton Conspiring to aid communist activity Firing squad [3]
Nesho Shabanov  [ bg ]
The Gostevi brothers
Sokrat Kirshveng 193714 April 1937Sofia"The Killer with the Adze"; serial killer who killed his aunt and her husband during a robbery in Sofia, but had previously been convicted of killing two wives and attempting to kill a third in 1919. The first sentence was commuted to 17 years imprisonment, and he was released in 1937.Hanging [4]
August Popov  [ bg ]194226 June 1942Instigating communist rebellion; tried as part of the "Parachutist trial  [ bg ]" Firing squad [5]
Trifon Georgiev
Vasil Yotov
Ivan Izatovski
Yozef Baido
Andon Bekyarov
Dimitar Dimitrov
Vasil Dodov
Stefan Pashev
Boris Tomchev
Delcho Naplatanov
Ivan Drenovski
Georgi Kratunchev
Dimitar Teplyakov
Ivan Ivanov
Georgi Bashikarov
Yanko Komitov
Todor Nikolov
Nikolai Romanov
Mirko Petkov
Simeon Slavov
Ivan Shterev
Milyo Milev
Dimo Astadzhov
Vladimir Chernov
Cvyatko Radoinov  [ bg ] [6]
Anton Ivanov  [ bg ]23 July 1942Communist revolutionaries in opposition to the Filov government [7]
Anton Popov  [ bg ] [8]
Nikola Vaptsarov [9]
Atanas Romanov  [ bg ] [10]
Petar Bogdanov  [ bg ] [11]
Georgi Minchev  [ bg ] [11]
Vasil Antevski  [ bg ]18 August 1942Participation in the League of Communists of Yugoslavia Hanging [12]
Adalbert Antonov  [ bg ]4 December 1942Participation in the Workers Youth League Firing squad [13]
Yovan Basarov  [ bg ]21 March 1943 Skopje Participation in the League of Communists of YugoslaviaHanging [14]
Boyan Chonos  [ bg ]194313 October 1943 Vidin Aiding communist rebellion [15]
Ferdinand Aleksandrov  [ bg ]17 December 1943 Pleven Firing squad [16]
Yakim Atanasov  [ bg ]19441 March 1944 Lom Leading a communist partisan squadronHanging [17]
Ferdinand Milanov  [ bg ]1 June 1944 Plovdiv Aiding communist rebellionFiring squad [18]
Yozo Tobiev  [ bg ]
Yordanka Chankova  [ bg ]Female Eleshnitsa Participating on the communist side during the "Battle of Batulia  [ bg ]" [19]
Frank Thompson Male10 June 1944 Litakovo  [ bg ] [20]
Lazar Atanasov
Hristo Gurbov
Ivan Harlakov  [ bg ]19451945SofiaMember of the Tsarist government [21]
Kiril, Prince of Preslav 1 February 1945Member of the royal family and regent of Bulgaria [22]
Nikola Mihov Lieutenant general and regent of Bulgaria [23]
Dobri Bozhilov Former Prime Minister of Bulgaria, supposed charges of war and financial crimes [24]
Petar Gabrovski Former Prime Minister of Bulgaria and lawyer [25]
Ivan Bagrianov Member of the Tsarist government [26]
Rashko Atanasov  [ bg ] [27]
Ivan Beshkov  [ bg ] [28]
Ivan Vazov  [ bg ] [29]
Dimitar Shishmanov  [ bg ] [30]
Sirko Stanchev  [ bg ] [31]
Aleksandar Stanishev  [ bg ] [32]
Spas Ganev  [ bg ] [33]
Delcho Todorov  [ bg ]
Nikola Stoychev  [ bg ]
Bogdan Filov 2 February 1945 Prime Minister of Bulgaria and regent of the Tsarist government [34]
Aleksandar Staliyski Collaboration with pro-Axis cabinet [35]
Yordan Sevov  [ bg ]Member of the Tsarist government [36]
Lyuben Stanchev  [ bg ]6 March 1945unknown [37]
Konstantin Lukash 15 March 1945SofiaOfficer and Chief of Staff of the Bulgarian Army [38]
Trifon Trifonov  [ bg ]Member of the Tsarist government [39]
Nicho Georgiev  [ bg ]21 April 1945 [40]
Vasil Zlatevski  [ bg ]September 1945 Kyustendil Goryanin, waging rebellion against the communist governmentHanging [41]
Docho Hristov  [ bg ]26 October 1945unknownAttempted rebellion against the communist governmentFiring squad [42]

People's Republic of Bulgaria

Executed personGenderDate of sentenceDate of executionPlace of executionCrimeMethodRef.
Faik Aliev  [ bg ]Male19481948 Nevrokop Goryanin, waging rebellion against the communist governmentHanging [43]
Pavel Djidjov 19523 October 1952SofiaCatholics, subverting communist ideologyFiring squad [44]
Eugene Bossilkov 11 November 1952 [45]
Josaphat Chichkov [44]
Kamen Vitchev
Ivan-Asen Georgiev  [ bg ]19634 January 1964 Espionage on behalf of the United States Shooting [46]
Radan Sarafov  [ bg ]18 February 196818 February 1969Espionage on behalf of the United States, France and Albania [47]
Georgi Yordanov 19751975Known as "Joro the Paver, the Second". Serial rapist who raped ten women in Sofia in the early 1970s, committing a double murder in the process. [48]
Zhivko Dimitrov 19811981 Tolbuhin Serial killer. Murdered six people in Dobrich Province from 1975 to 1981 for money. [49]
Georgi Alinski19844 November 1989SofiaAttempted to sabotage a lift in Borovets to prevent the country from participating in a ski championship [1]

Related Research Articles

Georgi (Grisha) Stanchev Filipov was a leading member of the Bulgarian Communist Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marin Drinov</span> Bulgarian historian

Marin Stoyanov Drinov was a Bulgarian historian and philologist from the National Revival period who lived and worked in Russia through most of his life. He was one of the originators of Bulgarian historiography. Drinov was a founding member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, as well as its first chairman.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of the Gates of Trajan</span> Part of the Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars (986 AD)

The Battle of the Gates of Trajan was a battle between Byzantine and Bulgarian forces in the year 986.

The Battle of Kreta occurred in 1009 near the village of Kreta to the east of Thessaloníki. Since the fall of the Bulgarian capital Preslav to the Byzantines in 971, there was a constant state of war between the two Empires. From 976, the Bulgarian noble and later Emperor Samuel successfully fought against the Byzantines but, from the beginning of the 11th century, fortune favoured Byzantium, which recovered from previous severe losses. From 1002 Basil II launched annual campaigns against Bulgaria and seized many towns. In 1009 the Byzantines engaged the Bulgarian army to the east of Thessaloníki. Little is known for the battle itself but the result was a Byzantine victory. Five years later, the Byzantines decisively defeated the Bulgarian army at Kleidion and by 1018 the country was thoroughly conquered by Basil II.

The Battle of Strumica took place in August 1014, near Strumica, present-day North Macedonia, between Bulgarian and Byzantine forces. Bulgarian troops under Emperor Samuil's son Gavril Radomir defeated the army of the governor of Thessaloniki, Theophylactus Botaniates, who perished in the battle. After his death the Byzantine Emperor Basil II was forced to pull back from Bulgaria and was unable to take advantage of his success in the recent Battle of Kleidion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Petar Parchevich</span> Bulgarian Roman Catholic archbishop

Petar Parchevich or Petar Mihaylov Parchev was a Bulgarian Roman Catholic archbishop, diplomat, scholar, baron of Austria and one of the architects behind the anti-Ottoman Chiprovtsi Uprising.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tonislav Yordanov</span> Bulgarian footballer

Tonislav Yordanov is a Bulgarian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Arda Kardzhali.

Asen Chilingirov was born in 1932 in Sofia. He is a Bulgarian art historian and culturologist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ivan Shishmanov</span> Bulgarian writer, politician and psychologist

Ivan Shishmanov was a Bulgarian writer, ethnographer, politician and diplomat. He served as Ambassador of Bulgaria to the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian People's Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria</span> Ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic in Bulgaria

The COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have spread to Bulgaria when the country's first cases, a 27-year-old man from Pleven and a 75-year-old woman from Gabrovo, were confirmed on 8 March 2020. Neither of the two had traveled to areas with known coronavirus cases which is maybe because the PCR test that was used is defective. The man tested positive for the virus after being hospitalized for a respiratory infection, and authorities announced plans to test several people who were in contact with the two individuals. Two other samples in Pleven and Gabrovo were positive on 8 March. Patient zero remains unknown.

Pande Sotirov Eftimov was a Bulgarian journalist, poet and publicist from Republic of Macedonia. Though, he is considered an ethnic Macedonian in today North Macedonia.

Anarchism in Bulgaria first appeared in the 1860s, within the national movement seeking independence from the Ottoman Empire, strongly influenced by the Russian revolutionary movement. Anarchism established itself as a distinct political movement at the end of the 19th century. It developed further in the 20th century, so much so that Bulgaria was one of the few countries in Eastern Europe where the organized anarchist movement enjoyed a real establishment throughout the country, until the seizure of power by the Bulgarian Communist Party. Under the People's Republic of Bulgaria, the anarchist movement survived underground, but was the victim of severe repression. From 1989, anarchism has been freely reconstituted.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria</span> Plan to immunize against COVID-19

The COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria is an immunization campaign currently taking place against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that is the cause of the COVID-19 disease. It began on 27 December 2020, in line with most other countries in the EU, and is in response to the ongoing pandemic in Bulgaria. The vaccination drive was affected by organizational and supply-related issues during the initial months while since the spring of 2021 vaccine hesitancy has contributed significantly to the country having the lowest rate of inoculations in the EU, with 35% of Bulgaria's adult citizens, and 30% of its eligible population, fully vaccinated by May 2022.

Colonel General Hristo "Dico" Dobrev Stoyanov was a Bulgarian politician, partisan and military leader. He was the last Chief of the General Staff of the Bulgarian People's Army. He was a candidate member (1966–71) and member of the Central Committee of the BKP (1971–89).

The People's Liberation Insurgent Army (NOVA) (Bulgarian: Народоосвободителната въстаническа армия (НОВА)) was the partisan resistance organization of the communist movement in Bulgaria during the Second World War from March 1943 to 9 September 1944. It was the largest resistance organization of Bulgaria during the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hristo Mihaylov</span> Bulgarian Communist politician and military commander (1893–1944)

Hristo Mikhailov Popov was a Bulgarian Communist politician and military commander who was a leading participant of the anti-fascist resistance movement in Bulgaria during the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vasil Eshcoff</span>

Vasil Kozma Eshcoff was an emigrant from Ottoman Macedonia, known as a pioneer of the Coney Island hot dog in Fort Wayne, Indiana. He was also briefly the second president of the Macedonian Patriotic Organization.

References

  1. 1 2 "Дърводелец-диверсант е последният разстрелян при Тато" [Carpenter-diversant was the last one executed under Tato] (in Bulgarian). blitz.bg. November 24, 2009.
  2. ↑ Petar Peshev (1993). Историческите събития и деятели от навечерието на Освобождението ни до днес[Historical events and figures on the eve of our Freedom to this day] (in Bulgarian). BAN.
  3. ↑ В бой с фашизма 1941-1944: Документи, статии и спомени из борбата на софийските трудещи се[Battling fascism 1941-1944: Documents, articles and memories about the battle with Sofia's working class]. Bulgarian Communist Party. 1960. pp. 30–31.
  4. ↑ Milena Tracheva (4 May 2018). "The creepy story of Bulgaria's first serial killer - the cruel Sokrat Kirshveng" (in Bulgarian). Fakti.bg.
  5. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. p. 308.
  6. ↑ Petar Ostoich and Maria Karavasileva (1986). Живот - борба. Книга за Цвятко Радойнов[Life - fight. Book about Cvyatko Radoinov] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat.
  7. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. p. 224.
  8. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. p. 225.
  9. ↑ "Годишнина от разстрела на Никола Вапцаров" [Anniversary of the execution of Nikola Vaptsarov] (in Bulgarian). bg-history. July 23, 2009. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014 – via The Wayback Machine.
  10. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. pp. 224–227.
  11. 1 2 История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. p. 225.
  12. ↑ Blaže Ristovski (2009). Makedonska enciklopedija[Macedonian Encyclopedia] (in Macedonian). Makedonska Akademija na Naukite i Umetnostite. p. 64. ISBN   9786082030234.
  13. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. p. 289.
  14. ↑ Blaže Ristovski (2009). Makedonska enciklopedija[Macedonian Encyclopedia] (in Macedonian). Makedonska Akademija na Naukite i Umetnostite. p. 230. ISBN   9786082030234.
  15. ↑ "75 години от обесването на Боян Чонос" [75 years since the hanging of Boyan Chonos] (in Bulgarian). niebg.net. October 18, 2018.
  16. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. p. 68.
  17. ↑ История на антифашистката борба в България 1943-1944[History of the anti-fascist struggle in Bulgaria 1943-1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. 1976. pp. 81, 83.
  18. ↑ Bozhidar Dimitrov (1989). Миналото на град Раковски[The history of Rakovski city] (in Bulgarian). Sofia Press.
  19. ↑ Кратка българска енциклопедия в пет тома. Том 5: Строи-Яя[Short bulgarian encyclopedia in five tomes. Tome 5] (in Bulgarian). BAN. 1969.
  20. ↑ Donko Donchev (1983). Монархофашизмът срещу народната съпротива 1941-1944[Monarchofascism against the national resistance 1941 - 1944] (in Bulgarian). Partizdat. p. 148.
  21. ↑ "Трагедията на Велики четвъртък: Атентатът в катедралата "Свети Крал" на 16 април 1925 г." [The tragedy on Maundy Thursday: The attack on the "St. Kral" cathedral on 16 April 1925] (in Bulgarian). DnesPlus. April 16, 2011. Archived from the original on November 26, 2012.
  22. ↑ "Принц Кирил разстрелян в името на Симеон" [Prince Kiril shot in the name of Simeon] (in Bulgarian). Politika.bg.
  23. ↑ "76 години от смъртта на ген. Никола Михов – достойния син на Велико Търново и България" [76 years since the death of Gen. Nikola Mihov - the worthy son of Veliko Tarnovo and Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). Radio Veliko Tarnovo. February 1, 2021.
  24. ↑ Daniel Vachkov (2009). Пътят на комунистическата партия към властта (1939 – 1944)[The path of the communist party to power (1939 – 1944)] (in Bulgarian). Siela. p. 96. ISBN   978-954-28-0588-5.
  25. ↑ Tasho Tasev (1990). Министрите на България 1879-1999[The ministers of Bulgaria 1879-1999] (in Bulgarian). Academic Press 'Dr. Marin Drinov'. pp. 103–104. ISBN   9789544306038.
  26. ↑ "В деня за почит към жертвите на комунизма: "И никакви съображения за хуманност"". February 2014.
  27. ↑ Tasho Tasev (1990). Министрите на България 1879-1999[The ministers of Bulgaria 1879-1999] (in Bulgarian). Academic Press 'Dr. Marin Drinov'. pp. 38–39. ISBN   9789544306038.
  28. ↑ Tasho Tasev (1990). Министрите на България 1879-1999[The ministers of Bulgaria 1879-1999] (in Bulgarian). Academic Press 'Dr. Marin Drinov'. pp. 38–53–54. ISBN   9789544306038.
  29. ↑ Tasho Tasev (1990). Министрите на България 1879-1999[The ministers of Bulgaria 1879-1999] (in Bulgarian). Academic Press 'Dr. Marin Drinov'. p. 74. ISBN   9789544306038.
  30. ↑ Tasho Tasev (1990). Министрите на България 1879-1999[The ministers of Bulgaria 1879-1999] (in Bulgarian). Academic Press 'Dr. Marin Drinov'. p. 74. ISBN   9789544306038.
  31. ↑ Petya Gaidarova (December 6, 2021). "Улица в Златоград носи името на прадядото на шефа на парламента" [A street in Zlatograd bears the name of the grandfather of the head of Parliament] (in Bulgarian). Marica.
  32. ↑ Katerina Ivanova and Dea Manolova (April 16, 2018). "Какво е да си д-р Александър Станишев" [What is it to be Dr. Alexander Stanishev] (in Bulgarian). Newme.bg.
  33. ↑ Tasho Tasev (1990). Министрите на България 1879-1999[The ministers of Bulgaria 1879-1999] (in Bulgarian). Academic Press 'Dr. Marin Drinov'. pp. 107–108. ISBN   9789544306038.
  34. ↑ Rosen Tahov (March 1, 2020). "Кой се страхуваше от дневника на Филов" [Who was afraid of Filov's diary] (in Bulgarian).
  35. ↑ "Чудовищното зверство "Народен съд"!" [The "People's Court", a monstruous atrocity] (in Bulgarian). Faktor.bg. January 31, 2015.
  36. ↑ Rumyana Nikolova (June 4, 2005). "Архитект спасява Борис III от покушение" [Architect saves Boris III from assassination] (in Bulgarian). Standart News.
  37. ↑ Petar Petrov (January 30, 2018). "30 януари – рожденият ден на уникалния добруджанския журналист Любен Станчев, екзекутиран от "Народния съд" през 1945 г." [30 January - the birthday of the incredible dobrudzhan journalist Lyuben Stanchev, executed by the People's Court in 1945] (in Bulgarian). Dobrujabg.com.
  38. ↑ Svetlozar Nedev (1993). Командването на българската войска през войните за национално обединение 1885, 1912-1913, 1915-1918[Commanding the Bulgarian army during the wars for national reunification 1885, 1912-1913, 1915-1918] (in Bulgarian). War Publishing.
  39. ↑ Nedyu Nedev (2007). Три държавни преврата или Кимон Георгиев и неговото време[The three coups or Kimon Georgiev and his time] (in Bulgarian). Siela. ISBN   9789542801634.
  40. ↑ Tasho Tasev (2008). Българската войска 1941-1945/ Енциклопедичен справочник[The Bulgarian Army 1941-1945/ Encyclopedia directory] (in Bulgarian). War Press. p. 40. ISBN   9789545094071.
  41. ↑ "Указ № 399 ОТ 15 декември 2016 г. за награждаване посмъртно на Васил Иванов Златевски с орден "За гражданска заслуга" първа степен, обнародван в "Държавен вестник", брой 102 от 23 декември 2016 г." [Decree № 399 from 15 December 2016 for posthumously rewarding Vasil Ivanov Zlatevski with a first-degree "Community Service", posted in "State Newspaper"] (in Bulgarian). Lex.bg. December 23, 2016.
  42. ↑ Dinyu Sharlanov (2009). История на комунизма в България - том II - Съпротивата - Възникване, форми и обхват[History of communism in Bulgaria - Tome II - Rise, forms and scope] (in Bulgarian). Siela. p. 205. ISBN   9789542805441.
  43. ↑ Petko Rusanov (July 30, 2021). "Мариан Гяурски, Константин Касабов Въоръжена съпротива срещу комунистическия режим в България – Горянското движение (1944 – 1955 г.)" [Mariyan Gyaurski, Konstantin Kasabov: Armed resistance against the communist regime in Bulgaria - Goryani movement (1944 - 1955)] (in Bulgarian). PRzone.
  44. 1 2 "Блажени отци-успенци Йосафат Шишков, Павел Джиджов и Камен Вичев" [Blessed Fathers of the Assumption Josaphat Shishkov, Pavel Djidjov and Kamen Vitchev] (in Bulgarian). Catholicnews.bg.
  45. ↑ Hogland, V:"A Modern Christian Martyr: Bishop Eugene Bossilkov, C.P.",
  46. ↑ Karmelita Deneva (June 2005). "Шпионин от "яд и от злоба"" [A spy from "anger and spite"]. Standart (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on August 28, 2011.
  47. ↑ Ivan Butovski (March 28, 2021). ""Аферата" д-р Радан Сарафов - триумф на комунистическата шпиономания" [The Dr. Radan Sarafov "Affair" - triumph of the communist spy-mania]. 168 Chasa (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on June 5, 2023.
  48. ↑ "Вижте ТОП 10 на най-бруталните убийци в България" [Joro the Paver is among the most brutal murderers in Bulgaria]. flagman.bg (in Bulgarian). May 11, 2019. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023.
  49. ↑ "Милиционер убива две касиерки и авер за 100 бона" [Militiaman kills two clerks and acquaintance for 100,000]. bgnow.eu (in Bulgarian). 2021. Archived from the original on October 31, 2022.

See also


Europe green light.svg

This article relating to the law of Europe or of a European country is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.