Capparis decidua

"Kair" redirects here. For the village in India, see Kair, Delhi. For the village in Iran, see Kair, Iran.

Capparis decidua
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Brassicales
Family:	Capparaceae
Genus:	Capparis
Species:	C. decidua
Binomial name
Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew.
Synonyms [2]
Capparis aphyllaRoth Capparis deciduaPax Capparis sodadaR.Br. nom. illeg. Sodada deciduaForssk.

Capparis decidua, commonly known as karira, ^[3] is a useful plant in its marginal habitat.

Description

It is a small much-branched tree or shrub. It bears a mass of slender, gray-green leafless branches, the small caducous leaves being found only on young shoots. ^[4] It rarely exceeds a height of 5 metres (16 feet). ^[5]

The new flush of leaves appears in November–January. Red conspicuous flowers appear in March to April and August–September and ripe by May and October. The pink fleshy berries are readily eaten by birds. It coppices well and produces root suckers freely. It is extremely drought-resistant and tolerates some frost. ^[5]

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  Tree without fruits
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  Flower on branch
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  Flowers
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  Tree with fruits
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  Unripe fruits on the tree
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  Unripe fruits
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  Ripe fruits
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  Tawny eagle perched on tree

Distribution and habitat

It can be found in arid regions in North Africa, the Middle East, ^[4] and South Asia, including the Thar desert.

Khair city in Uttar Pradesh, India is famous for Kair trees.^{[ citation needed ]}

Uses

Vegetable dish known as Kairan (or Doran) ji Bhaaji prepared in Tharparkar, Sindh

The fruit and young buds can be eaten raw. ^[4]

Its spicy fruits are used for preparing vegetables, curry and fine pickles and can attract helpful insectivores; the plant also is used in folk medicine and herbalism. It can be used in landscape gardening, afforestation and reforestation in semidesert and desert areas; it provides assistance against soil erosion. ^[6]

References

1. Oldfield, S. (2023) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Capparis decidua". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2023: e.T19289281A240727434. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T19289281A240727434.en .
2. The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species , retrieved 4 June 2016
3. USDA GRIN Taxonomy , retrieved 4 June 2016
4. The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants. United States Department of the Army. New York: Skyhorse Publishing. 2009. p. 112. ISBN   978-1-60239-692-0. OCLC   277203364.
5. Burdak, L.R. (1982). Recent Advances in Desert Afforestation- Dissertation submitted to Shri R.N. Kaul, Director, Forestry Research, F.R.I., Dehra Dun. p. 55
6. Kaul (1963), Ghosh (1977)

Sources

• Kaul, R.N. (1963): Need for afforestation in the arid zones of Khair, India. LA-YAARAN13.
• Ghosh, R.C. (1977): Handbook on afforestation techniques. Khair, India.
• Gupta, R.K. & Prakasah, Ishwar (1975): Environmental analysis of the Thar Desert. Dehra Dun.

External links

• Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). "Capparis decidua". African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.