Cestrum aurantiacum | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Solanales |
Family: | Solanaceae |
Genus: | Cestrum |
Species: | C. aurantiacum |
Binomial name | |
Cestrum aurantiacum | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Cestrum aurantiacum [3] (orange cestrum, "orange jessamine", orange-flowering jessamine, and yellow cestrum; [4] syn. Capraria lanceolata L.f.) is a species of shrub in the potato family Solanaceae that is native to tropical regions of North and South America.
Cestrum aurantiacum is a shrub 1.5 to 6.5 m tall or occasionally up to 8.5 m tall. The branches are glabrous or sparsely tomentose. The leaves are ovate to elliptical, 7 to 17 cm long and 2.5 to 5.5 cm wide. Both sides of the leaf are glabrous, the tip is acuminate or shortly tapering, the base is acuminate to blunt or occasionally shortly tapering. The petioles are 1 to 3 cm long and glabrous. [5]
The terminal or axillary, umbelliferous or racemose inflorescences consist of a few to a few flowers. The inflorescence axis is finely hairy or hairless, the bracts linear and later deciduous. The flowers are sessile, almost sessile or stand on flower stalks up to 1.5 mm long. Blooming constantly through the year, the flowers produce a citrus-like scent at night. [5]
The calyx is tubular, 5 to 6.5 (rarely up to 9) mm long and hairless except for the (0.7) 1 to 2 (3) mm long, ciliate calyx lobes. These are awl-shaped and long-spiked or rounded and long-spiked and run further down the calyx tube as five nerve tracts.
The orange or rarely yellow corolla has a 17.5 to 20 mm long corolla tube, the corolla lobes are 3 to 3.5 (5.5) mm long, egg-shaped or lanceolate. The edges are covered with papillose hairs. The stamens are 4 to 6.5 mm long, swollen and bent over in a knee-like shape, groove-like or almost appendage-like. The base and the vascular bundles of the stamens are hairy. The style is 16.5 to 18.5 mm long. [6]
The fruits are white berries (which are distinguished from the black fruits of Cestrum parqui ), 8 to 12 mm long, with seven to nine seeds, which are about 3 to 5 mm long. [5]
This species is distributed in an area extending from southern Mexico to Nicaragua, where it is found in moist thickets or forests, often in pine-oak forests at altitudes between 1000 and 2600 m. [5]
This plant is used as an ornamental plant, and it is a poisonous plant if eaten by animals. [7] However, the species is widely grown as an ornamental plant and in some places it has escaped from cultivation and returned to the wild. In parts of Africa, Asia and Australia, the species has become a harmful invasive species. The top of the plant is hardy to zone 8 but it is root hardy to zone 7. [8]
Drought tolerant, the species grows best in occasionally moist, humus-rich, well-drained soil in full sun or partial shade. The size of the shrub is easily controlled by pruning. It is regarded as medicinal in Peru. The flowers attract hummingbirds, butterflies, and other pollinating insects. [9]
Pachypodium ambongense is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae. It was first published as a species of the genus Pachypodium in 1924 by the botanist Henri Louis Poisson.
Pachypodium baronii, the Madagascar palm or bontaka, is a flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It has the habit of a robust shrub with a spherical or bottle-shaped trunk. It has several cylindrical branches at the top.
Pachypodium bicolor is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae.
Lawsonia inermis, also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree, and the Egyptian privet, is a flowering plant and one of the only two species of the genus Lawsonia, with the other being Lawsonia odorata. It is used as a traditional medicinal plant. The species is named after the Scottish physician Isaac Lawson, a good friend of Linnaeus.
Pachypodium brevicaule is a species of plant that belongs to the family Apocynaceae.
Cestrum nocturnum, the lady of the night, night-blooming jasmine, night-blooming jessamine, night-scented jessamine, night-scented cestrum or poisonberry, is a species of plant in the potato family Solanaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America and northern South America and is naturalized in South Asia.
Lobelia scaevolifolia is a species of the plant family Campanulaceae. It is endemic to the island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean. It was at one time placed as the only species, Trimeris scaevolifolia, in the genus Trimeris. Its common name is St. Helena lobelia.
Cestrum fasciculatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae known by the common names early jessamine and red cestrum. It is native to central Mexico, but it is also kept elsewhere as an ornamental plant.
Brunfelsia pauciflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. It is endemic to Brazil, and it is grown in cultivation. A shrubby perennial plant grown in gardens, its common names include today, tomorrow together, yesterday, today and tomorrow, morning-noon-and-night, kiss me quick, and Brazil raintree.
Cestrum diurnum is a species of Cestrum, native to the West Indies. Common names include day-blooming cestrum, day-blooming jessamine, and day-blooming jasmine. Also known as Din ka Raja, in Urdu and Hindi. The scent of this quick-growing and evergreen woody shrub, often used for screens and borders, is released by day. Cestrum diurnum is easily propagated from the seed, which it produces in abundance.
Brunfelsia latifolia, commonly known as yesterday-today-tomorrow and kiss me quick, is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family. Endemic to Brazil, it is an evergreen shrub that becomes semi-deciduous in cooler areas and grows up to 1.8 meters in height.
Acanthopale pubescens is a species of the genus Acanthopale of the family Acanthaceae. The species occurs in East and Southern Africa. Acanthopale pubescensis also known as Herayye in Ethiopia.
Ilex asprella, also known as rough-leaved holly and plum-leaved holly, is a deciduous shrub native in South East Asia. Ilex asprella is one of the few deciduous species in the family Aquifoliaceae.
Ourisia modesta or creeping foxglove is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to New Zealand and was described by Ludwig Diels in 1909. Plants of this species are perennial, small-leaved, creeping herbs that are mostly glabrous (hairless). They have very broadly ovate to circular leaves that are opposite and widely spaced along a horizontal stem. The flowers are solitary in each node, with an irregular calyx and a small, white irregular corolla. The corolla tube has one line of hairs plus a ring of hairs inside. It is listed as Threatened - Nationally Critical in the New Zealand Threat Classification System.
Ourisia calycina is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand and was described by William Colenso in 1889. Plants of this species are showy, perennial, large-leaved, tufted, rhizomatous herbs that are mostly glabrous (hairless) or with some non-glandular hairs. They have broadly ovate leaves. The flowers are in whorls in each node, with a regular calyx, a large, white irregular corolla, and fruits up to 1 cm long. The corolla tube is yellow with three lines of yellow hairs inside. It is listed as Not Threatened.
Ourisia vulcanica is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described O. vulcanica in 1961. Plants of this species of New Zealand foxglove are showy, perennial, rhizomatous herbs that can be hairy with non-glandular hairs or sometimes glabrous. They have crenate, ovate leaves. The flowers are usually in pairs in each node, with an irregular calyx, and a white irregular corolla. The calyx and floral bracts have non-glandular hairs. The corolla tube is yellow with three lines of hairs and a ring of hairs inside. It is only found in the Volcanic Plateau area and is listed as At Risk - Naturally Uncommon.
Ourisia integrifolia or mountain whitebell is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to Tasmania, Australia. Robert Brown described O. integrifolia in 1810. Plants of this species of Australian foxglove are showy, perennial, rhizomatous herbs that are mostly glabrous but can have some non-glandular hairs. They have crenate or notched, ovate to broadly ovate leaves. The flowers are usually single or in pairs in each node in the inflorescence, with a regular calyx, and a white sub-regular corolla. The corolla tube is yellow with and glabrous inside.
Ourisia chamaedrifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to páramo habitats in the Tropical Andes mountains of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. George Bentham described O. chamaedrifolia in 1846. Plants of this species of South American foxglove are small, perennial, and repent herbs with opposite, crenate, and often hairy leaves. There can be up to four flowers on a short raceme, and each flower has a regular calyx, and a long, tubular, red or orange-red nearly bilabiate corolla with exserted stamens. The calyx and corolla are often hairless.
Ourisia cotapatensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to high-elevation habitats in the Tropical Andes mountains of the La Paz Department in Bolivia. Heidi Meudt and Stephan Georg Beck described O. cotapatensis in 2003. Plants of this species of South American foxglove are small, perennial, and repent herbs with opposite, anisophyllous, punctate, hairy leaves. There can be up to four flowers on a short raceme, and each flower has a regular calyx, and a violet, tubular-funnelform, bilabiate corolla with purple spots in the corolla tube and included stamens. The calyx is hairy on the outside, and the corolla has a ring of hairs at the tube opening as well as a line of hairs on the inside. This species is known only from Cotapata National Park, for which it is named.
Ourisia pulchella is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae that is endemic to high-elevation habitats in the altiplano and puna of the Tropical Andes mountains of southern Peru and northwestern Bolivia. Hugh Algernon Weddell described O. pulchella in 1860. Plants of this species of South American foxglove are small, perennial, and repent herbs with hairy, opposite, tufted leaves. There can be up to three flowers on a short raceme, and each flower has an irregular calyx, and a long, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, white corolla with included stamens. The calyx is densely hairy, whereas the corolla is hairless on the outside but densely hairy on the inside near the tube opening.