Chilobrachys

Chilobrachys
Adult male Chilobrachys fimbriatus .
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Mygalomorphae
Family:	Theraphosidae
Subfamily:	Selenocosmiinae
Genus:	Chilobrachys Karsch, 1892 [1]
Type species
Chilobrachys nitelinus Karsch, 1892
Species
31, see text

Chilobrachys is a genus of Asian tarantulas that was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1892. ^[2] They are found in India, Myanmar, Malaysia, China, Vietnam, Thailand and Sri Lanka. They are usually medium or large-sized, and they can stridulate by using small spines present on the chelicerae. ^[3]

Identification features

A Chilobrachys dyscolus tarantula.

They have special stridulating organs in their chelicerae, which are made of short spines. Males have a palpal bulb which ends in a long and slender blade like spine, females have one pair of spermatheca. The anterior eyes form almost a straight line. Their legs have a narrower scapulae at the tip of the metatarsus. ^[3]

Deaths

No tarantula is considered deadly, but Chilobrachys have maybe the most potent venom, aside from Poecilotheria .^{[ citation needed ]} Some cases have been reported where bites by Chilobrachys hardwickei resulted in gangrene and unconfirmed death. ^[4]

Species

As of July 2022 ^[update] it contains thirty-one species, found in Asia: ^[1]

• Chilobrachys andersoni (Pocock, 1895) – India, Myanmar, Malaysia
• Chilobrachys annandalei Simon, 1901 – Malaysia
• Chilobrachys assamensis Hirst, 1909 – India
• Chilobrachys bicolor (Pocock, 1895) – Myanmar
• Chilobrachys brevipes (Thorell, 1897) – Myanmar
• Chilobrachys dominus Lin & Li, 2022 - China
• Chilobrachys dyscolus (Simon, 1886) – Vietnam
• Chilobrachys femoralis Pocock, 1900 – India
• Chilobrachys fimbriatus Pocock, 1899 – India
• Chilobrachys flavopilosus (Simon, 1884) – India, Myanmar
• Chilobrachys fumosus (Pocock, 1895) – India
• Chilobrachys guangxiensis (Yin & Tan, 2000) – China
• Chilobrachys hardwickei (Pocock, 1895) – India
• Chilobrachys himalayensis (Tikader, 1977) – India
• Chilobrachys huahini Schmidt & Huber, 1996 – Thailand
• Chilobrachys hubei Song & Zhao, 1988 – China
• Chilobrachys jinchengi Lin & Li, 2022– China
• Chilobrachys jonitriantisvansickleae Nanayakkara, Sumanapala & Kirk, 2019 – Sri Lanka
• Chilobrachys khasiensis (Tikader, 1977) – India
• Chilobrachys liboensis Zhu & Zhang, 2008 – China
• Chilobrachys lubricus Yu, S. Y. Zhang, F. Zhang, Li & Yang, 2021– China
• Chilobrachys natanicharum Chomphuphuang et al., 2023– Thailand
• Chilobrachys nitelinus Karsch, 1892 (type) – Sri Lanka
• Chilobrachys oculatus (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar
• Chilobrachys paviei (Simon, 1886) – Thailand
• Chilobrachys pococki (Thorell, 1897) – Myanmar
• Chilobrachys sericeus (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar
• Chilobrachys soricinus (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar
• Chilobrachys stridulans (Wood Mason, 1877) – India
• Chilobrachys subarmatus (Thorell, 1891) – India (Nicobar Islands)
• Chilobrachys thorelli Pocock, 1900 – India
• Chilobrachys tschankhoensis Schenkel, 1963 – China (Nomen dubnium)

In synonymy:

• Chilobrachysdecoratus(Tikader, 1977) = Chilobrachys fimbriatus Pocock, 1899
• ChilobrachysjingzhaoZhu, Song & Li, 2001 = Chilobrachys guangxiensis Yin & Tan, 2000

One species has been changed to Selenocosmia :

• Chilobrachys samaraeGiltay, 1935 → Selenocosmia samarae

See also

• List of Theraphosidae species

References

1. "Gen. Chilobrachys Karsch, 1892". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2020. doi:10.24436/2 . Retrieved 2020-01-31.
2. Karsch, F. (1892). "Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. 36: 267–310.
3. Zhu, Ming-Sheng; Zhang, Rui (2008). "Revision of the Theraphosid Spiders from China (Araneae: Mygalomorphae)". The Journal of Arachnology. 36 (2): 425–447. doi:10.1636/CA07-94.1. ISSN   0161-8202. JSTOR   25434306. S2CID   86482441.
4. Banerjee K, Banerjee R, Mukherjee AK, Ghosh D (1997). "Tarantula bite leads to death and gangrene". Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 63 (2): 125–126. PMID   20944295.