Colt Canada C8

Colt Canada C8
A Danish soldier with his C8 carbine.
Type	Carbine
Place of origin	Canada
Service history
Used by	See Users
Wars	Rwandan Civil War Yugoslav Wars Somali Civil War Sierra Leone Civil War [1] War in Afghanistan Iraq War Syrian civil war War in Iraq (2013–2017) Russian invasion of Ukraine
Production history
Manufacturer	Diemaco (1982–2005) Colt Canada (2005–present)
Specifications
Mass	2.68 kg (5.9 lb) (unloaded)
Cartridge	5.56×45mm NATO
Action	Gas-operated, closed rotating bolt, Stoner bolt and carrier piston
Rate of fire	700–950 rounds/min
Muzzle velocity	870 m/s (2,900 ft/s)
Effective firing range	400 m (440 yd) (iron sights) 550 m (600 yd) (magnifying optical sight)
Maximum firing range	2,350 m (2,570 yd) (C8)}}
Feed system	STANAG magazine
Sights	Iron sights C79 optical sight

The Colt Canada C8 carbine range are carbine variants of the Colt Canada C7 family, and are mechanically and visually very similar to the Colt Model 723 M16A2 carbine.

History

Colt made the initial C8s for Canadian Forces as the Colt Model 725.

Design

Main articles: Colt Canada C7, M16 rifle, and AR-15–style rifle

The C8 has a 368 mm (14.5 in) A1 profile barrel like the Colt Model 653 M16A1 carbine, but with a 1 in 178 mm (7 in) rifling twist appropriate for adequately stabilizing the 5.56×45mm NATO C77 cartridge L109 ball and the C78 cartridge longer L110 tracer projectiles and the design improvements featured on C7 assault rifles. The C8 has a cyclic rate of fire of around 750–950 rounds per minute (RPM).

C8 iron sights are normally zeroed with the normal use rear aperture sight at 250 m (273 yd) with SS109/M855/C77 ammunition. The rear sight can be zeroed for windage in 3.8 cm or 0.38 mrad increments at 100 m, when used with a 367 mm (14.45 in) carbine length sight radius. Elevation can be zeroed in 4.7 cm or 0.47 mrad increments at 100 m. Once the iron sight line is zeroed, the front sight post and rear sight should not be moved. ^{[2] [3]}

Variants

C8A1

The C8A1 (Diemaco C8FT) is essentially a C8 carbine with a C7A1 flat-top upper receiver; the carbine having a 368-millimetre (14.5 in) barrel versus the 508-millimetre (20.0 in) barrel typically seen on the C7. ^[4]

The overall layout of the weapon remains essentially unchanged except for the upper receiver and the general inclusion of the C79 sight. C8A1s have also been more commonly seen with the detachable carry handle with A1 sights developed by Diemaco for both the C7FT and the C8FT.

The C8A1 was never officially adopted by the Canadian Forces and was only used in Afghanistan for the ability to use the C79 optical sights.

C8A2

The C8A2 carbine is very similar to the C8, but having a cold-hammer forged heavy 368-millimetre (14.5 in) barrel, as opposed to the 368 mm (14.5 in) pencil-profile barrel previously used and a flat-top upper receiver.

C8SFW

The Special Forces Weapon (SFW) features a longer, 410-millimetre (16.1 in) barrel of a significantly heavier profile than the C8A1 and a rail adapter system (RAS) handguard. The SFW operating system is more copiously gassed when compared to the standard C8A1 to enhance reliability in the presence of heavy fouling or icing at the expense of moving the bolt and bolt carrier faster and harder against the accordingly adapted buffer assembly, resulting in a free recoil increase.

The C8SFW is designed to provide a fire support capability in carbine form. A sleeve, called the Simon Sleeve, is slipped over the end of the barrel and is retained by the compensator and its crush washer. It is used to mount standard issued C7 Nella bayonet, CAN bayonet 2000/2005 and M203A1 grenade launcher. ^[5]

The front sight base is strengthened for mounting of the Heckler & Koch AG-C/EGLM grenade launcher. The mass, muzzle velocity and effective range are stated as 3.4 kg (7.5 lb), 895 m/s (2,936 ft/s) and 550 m (601 yd). ^[5] The C8SFW is in service with the Norwegian Special Operations Forces as their standard rifle, as the more recently introduced HK416 does not feature a "heavy profile barrel" as the C8SFW. The United Kingdom Special Forces (UKSF) adopted a C8SFW variant, under the designation "L119A1". In 2014, the UKSF upgraded to the "L119A2", which features a custom integrated upper receiver (IUR). The Royal Marines Commando have also begun to phase out the L85A2/L85A3 as their main rifle in favour of the L119.^{[ citation needed ]}

C8FTHB

Concerns that Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry had with the C8 led to the creation of the C8FTHB. The C8FTHB (Flat Top Heavy Barrel) features numerous improvements over the C8, including a heavy profile cold hammer-forged M4 profile barrel featuring a grenade launcher cut out for mounting of the Canadian Forces M203A1 and bayonet and Elcan C79 Optical Sight.

Some of the earlier C8FTHB carbines used old refurbished C8 receivers. "FTHB" was stamped next to the C8 markings on the lower receivers. Colt Canada later manufactured new lower receivers with C8FTHB markings.

Later, C8FTHB carbines that were upgraded to the C8A3 standard had "A3" stamped next to the markings, resulting in "C8FTHBA3" markings. Only 400 C8FTHBs were upgraded to C8FTHBA3s before Colt Canada started simply marking new receivers as "C8A3".

C8A3

The C8FTHB was quickly replaced by the C8A3, which features the same 400 mm (15.7 in) cold-hammer forged barrel and flat-top upper receiver as the C8FTHB as well as all the mid-life upgrades that appeared on the C7A2 such as the green furniture, ambidextrous charging-handle latch, magazine release and selector lever. It also includes the TRIAD I rail for the C8, which has one slot less than the C7 TRIAD I, to accommodate the M203A1 sight.

C8CQB

Two additional C8 variants exist. The C8CQB is similar to the American Mark 18 Mod 0 CQBR, having a 254-millimetre (10.0 in) or 295-millimetre (11.6 in) heavy barrel and a Vortex Flash Hider made by Smith Enterprise Inc. ^[6] The smaller Personal Defense Weapon (PDW) variant has an overall length of 530 mm (20.7 in) with its stock fully retracted. It has a 145 mm (5.7 in) barrel and the receiver has been shortened by 42 mm (1.65 in).

IUR – Integrated Upper Receiver

In 2008 or 2009, Colt Canada introduced a completely new designed upper receiver with integrated rail attachment system. ^[7] The front handguard is in this system permanently attached to the upper receiver. The whole system is forged from one piece, and is sometimes called a monolithic rail. This system allows for a completely free floating barrel. Another unique feature is that the system can be adapted for different barrel lengths by screwing on an extension.

The system was introduced as an upgrade in the Dutch Army with the C7 and C8 in 2009. ^{[8] [9]} In 2010, the C8 IUR (Integrated Upper Receiver) was introduced as an upgrade by all four branches of the Danish military and the Danish Security and Intelligence Service's SWAT teams, as the "Gevær M/10". ^[10] In 2011, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police adopted a semi-automatic only version of the C8 IUR with ancillary components as their patrol carbine. ^{[11] [12]}

C8A4

The C8A4 is the latest evolution of Colt Canada's C7 and C8 family of rifles, unveiled at the CANSEC 2024 exhibition as part of the Canadian Modular Assault Rifle (CMAR) program. This variant builds upon the well-established C8 platform, incorporating upgrades such as the M-LOK rail system, an ambidextrous safety lever, and a cold-hammer forged, chrome-lined free-floating barrel for improved longevity and accuracy. The monolithic upper receiver, modified with a full-length STANAG 4694 rail and multiple M-LOK slots, allows for flexible configuration of optics and accessories.

Operating on a direct gas impingement system, the C8A4 also reportedly features a non-adjustable single-stage combat trigger and a Magpul MOE grip and CTR stock. The rifle has a loaded weight of 3.4 kg and a rate of fire from 700 to 940 rounds per minute, with a muzzle velocity of 900 m/s.^{[ citation needed ]} Since 2024, the C8A4 has been observed in operational use among Canadian Armed Forces personnel, including members of the Governor General's Foot Guards, indicating its early field adoption in front-line units. Around 65,401 rifles will be brought to service to replace the C7/C8 rifles. ^[13]

The configuration shown at CANSEC ^[14] includes a SAI Optics 6 patrol scope with its usage temporary, with units using different scopes as there has not been an official optic selected for the rifle.^{[ citation needed ]} A Huxwrx suppressor has been used, which has drawn visual comparisons to the British L403A1.^{[ citation needed ]}

Adoption

Denmark

The C8A1 is issued to units where the physically longer C7A1 could be obstructive to the unit's primary work, such as logisticians, tankers and special units. The Denmark Special Forces, the Jægerkorpset and Frømandskorpset used the C8SFW, notably during the pull out of Afghanistan. ^[15] The SSR, a special LRRP-unit under the Hjemmeværn command, also uses the C8SFW.

In 2010 the Danish DALO (Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization) ordered an improved version of the M/96 and M/95 from Colt Canada under the Danish designation M/10, which Colt Canada designated the C8 IUR. ^[16] It features a 401 mm (15.8 in) free floating barrel, fully ambidextrous controls, flip up iron sights, a collapsible buttstock with more positions, and the Integrated Upper Receiver (IUR). ^{[17] [18]}

The M/10 has gone through multiple changes since its original introduction in the Danish Army, including an extension of the rail and removal of the built-in iron sights in favor of Magpul MBUS Picatinny mounted back-up sights, ^[19] buttstock changed to Magpul CTR stocks, and an olive drab finish instead of the old black ^{[20] [21]} and is issued with ELCAN Spectre DR 1-4× optics. ^[22] Magpul is to be switched out as the provider sometime soon as a new deal for weapon attachments was made in 2022. ^[21]

The Danish armed forces are procuring a new modular assault rifle, the M25 C8 Modular Rail Rifle (MRR). A framework agreement for 26,000 rifles was signed. This was announced in a press release from Colt CZ Group, the parent company of Colt Canada, in early September 2025. ^[23]

• 
  C8 CQB (Close Quarters Battle) as used by a boarding team of the Royal Danish Navy.
• 
  4th and current M10 variant in use by Danish soldiers (issued with Spectre DR 1-4× optics and both angled and vertical foregrips by Magpul)

Netherlands

C8NLD carbine

The C8A1 (Diemaco C8FT) was mainly used by the Korps Commandotroepen, the paratroopers of the Luchtmobiele Brigade (one company per battalion), the Korps Mariniers and most of the recon units of the various combat units, including the Forward Air Controllers and the reconnaissance units of the cavalry and the artillery.

From 2009 onwards many of the Dutch C8 carbines received an overhaul: the black furniture was replaced with dark earth furniture.

New parts include a new retracting stock, ambidextrous controls, the Diemaco Integrated Upper Receiver (IUR) with a free-floating barrel, RIS rails for mounting flashlights and laser systems, a vertical forward grip with built-in bipod also known as a "Grip Pod" and other accessories; the polymer STANAG magazines became not exclusively black in color as translucent smoke colored Lancer L5AWM 30-round magazines (NSN: 1005-01-657-7839L5) were also introduced along the Thermold magazines. ^[24] The ELCAN 3.4× optical sight was also dropped in favour of the Swedish made non-magnifying Aimpoint CompM4 red dot sight and if desired an accompanying Aimpoint red dot magnifier. These upgraded versions are now designated as C8NLD. ^{[25] [26] [27]}

United Kingdom

During the SFW trials, the C8 outperformed both the Heckler & Koch G36 and the SIG SG551. ^{[28] [29]} The C8SFW was subsequently adopted in 2000 under the designation, L119A1.

Use of the C8 has expanded to include, among others, the original SAS and SBS, the Special Forces Support Group, the Pathfinder Platoon of 16 Air Assault Brigade, ^[30] Royal Military Police Close Protection teams ^[31] and MoD Police. ^{[32] [33]} Most weapons are now fitted with Knights Armaments Rail Adapter System handguards (that hold zero on the top and the bottom rails) and Picatinny rail flat-top upper receivers. The muzzle velocity and effective range are stated as 895 m/s (2,936 ft/s) and 550 m (601 yd) with a 400 mm (15.7") barrel and 790 m/s (2,592 ft/s) and 250 m (273 yd) with a 254 mm (10.0") CQB barrel. ^[34]

Most users fit Trijicon ACOG 4×32 sights with CQB reflex attachment, but other sights are used. Various lasers, lights, foregrips and other attachments are used. Surefire 4-prong flash hiders are generally fitted, and suppressors are available. The standard Canadian bayonet is issued but rarely used. Coloured furniture is becoming commonplace. The United Kingdom prefers polymer magazines to metal ones on grounds of weight and reliability and has now standardised on these for all C8 and operational SA80 users, with well over a million magazines purchased. Many weapons are fitted with the L17A1 underslung 40 mm grenade launcher (UGL), the UK designation for the Heckler & Koch AG-C/EGLM. Detachable shoulder stocks are available for stand-alone use of the UGL.

43 Commando Fleet Protection Group replaced their L85A2 rifles with the C8 in 2016. ^[35] In 2019, The Times reported that the C8 would become the standard-issue rifle of the Royal Marines replacing the SA80. ^{[36] [37]}

In July 2013, the British Ministry of Defence contracted Colt Canada for a £2.8 million mid-life upgrade of the L119A1 carbines used by the United Kingdom Special Forces. Subsequently, from 2014 the L119A1 was upgraded to the L119A2. ^{[38] [39]} There are two L119A2 variants: The standard Carbine with a 400 mm (15.7 in) barrel and CQB (Close Quarter Battle) with a 254 mm (10.0 in) barrel. The CQB variant has seen the most widespread use. Both L119A2 variants feature a custom integrated upper receiver (IUR) with rails that hold zero all around, a lighter profile barrel, straight gas tubes, Geissele trigger, SureFire 4-prong flash hider, a tan coloured Magpul 6 position collapsible CRT buttstock, Ergo pistol grip, and ambidextrous controls.

• 
  Royal Marines from 43 Commando Fleet Protection Group with L119A1 rifles fitted with CQB upper receivers in 2014 (five years prior to the L119 being adopted by the Royal Marines as a whole).
• 
  Pathfinder Platoon soldier with L119A1 rifle fitted with a CQB upper receiver in 2018.
• 
  Royal Marine from 40 Commando with L119A1 carbine in 2021.

Users

• Canada: Used by the Canadian Forces ^[40] and law enforcement agencies including the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, ^[41] Vancouver Police Department, ^[42] Halifax Regional Police, ^[43] Dryden Police, ^[44] Halton ERT, ^[44] the Ontario Provincial Police, Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, Sûreté du Québec, York Regional Police and Emergency Task Force (TPS). ^[45] It is also used by the Correctional Service of Canada.
• Denmark ^[40] The entirety of the Danish M/95 rifle family were developed on the C7/8 platform M/95(C7), M/96(C8), M/04(LSW) and M/10(C8IUR) ^[46]
• Iceland: Used by the Iceland Crisis Response Unit ^{[ citation needed ]}
• Netherlands: Used by the Military of the Netherlands. ^{[40] [47] [48]}
• Norway: In use with Forsvarets Spesialkommando (Norwegian Army) ^[49] and Marinejegerkommandoen (Royal Norwegian Navy). ^[50] Also in use with select agencies within the Norwegian Police, including Delta, ^{[51] [52]} the Royal Police Escort and the Norwegian Police Security Service. ^[53]
•   Romania: In use with Detașamentul Special de Protecție și Intervenție ^[54]
•   Ukraine: Significant quantity of C7A2 were seen in the hands of Ukrainian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. ^{[55] [56]} Some C8s/C8 SFWs used by Ukrainian SOF under the SSO. The rifles are actively being used with the Ukrainian Ground Forces, primarily with the 3rd Separate Assault Brigade and 47th Mechanized Brigade, both now part of the 3rd Army Corps. Rifles were also observed with Azov National Guard Brigade, and the Unmanned Systems Forcesʼ 14th Regiment. ^[57]
• United Kingdom: C8SFW, C8IUR, and C8MRR Carbines are used by the British Army and SAS and are the standard-issues rifle of the Royal Marines under the designation of L119A1, L119A2 and L119A3. ^{[58] [59] [60] [61]} Supplemented in usage by the KS-1 since 2023 in the Royal Marines and Ranger Regiment.

• 
  A C8 carbine with a blank-firing adapter in Canadian service, 2012
• 
  A US Navy yeoman fires a C8A3 carbine aboard HMCS Calgary
• 
  A member of the Governor General's Foot Guards with a C8A4

References

1. Fowler, Will (10 Apr 2010). Certain Death in Sierra Leone: The SAS and Operation Barras 2000. Raid 10. Osprey Publishing. pp. 24–25. ISBN   9781846038501.
2. "Operator's Manual: C7 family of combat weapons". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08.
3. "Maintenance Instructions: C7 family of combat weapons". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08.
4. "C8A2 Technical Specifications" (PDF). April 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-25.
5. "Maintenance Instructions: C7 family of combat weapons". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08.
6. "Colt Canada Corporation". 212. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
7. "Colt Canada Corporation". 212. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
8. "Brochure Colt Canada 2010" (PDF). 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2012.
9. "Algemene Vereniging van Reserve Militairen" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2013.
10. "Geværer". Archived from the original on 2015-02-14. Retrieved 2015-02-14.
11. Chris Purdy. "Front-line RCMP officers to get high-powered guns". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2014-11-08. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
12. "RCMP Adopts C8 Carbine". Soldier Systems. 2011-10-23. Archived from the original on 2012-06-29. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
13. "Brochure Colt Canada 2010" (PDF). 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2012.
14. N/A. "Front-line The Colt Canada unveils at CANSEC 2024 new C8A4 to equip Canadian Army. Army Recognition".
15. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
16. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
17. "Denmark M/10 Carbine". 02a574b.netsolhost.com. 2010-04-26. Archived from the original on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
18. "fleet upgrades, licensed programs & custom builds GV M/10 [DK]". Archived from the original on 2019-08-25. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
19. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
20. "Denmark M/10 Carbine". 02a574b.netsolhost.com. 2010-04-26. Archived from the original on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
21. "𝐍𝐲𝐞 𝐟𝐥𝐞𝐤𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐞 𝐭𝐢𝐥 𝐯å𝐛𝐞𝐧" . Facebook. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
22. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
23. https://soldat-und-technik.de/2025/09/bewaffnung/45261/sturmgewehr-m25-c8/
24. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
25. "Denmark M/10 Carbine". 02a574b.netsolhost.com. 2010-04-26. Archived from the original on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
26. "Royal Netherlands Army's Nifty C7/C8 Rifles". 27 September 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
27. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
28. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
29. "Denmark M/10 Carbine". 02a574b.netsolhost.com. 2010-04-26. Archived from the original on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
30. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
31. "Jægerkorpsets chef var den første danske soldat i Afghanistan og den sidste mand hjem". www.lederstof.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 2023-03-26.
32. Ministry of Defence Police (2 February 2016). "Freedom of Information request - Ministry of Defence Police:Duties" (PDF). Ref: FOI2016/00790. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
33. Ministry of Defence Police (19 December 2014). "Freedom of Information request - Ministry of Defence Police:Weapons" (PDF). Ref: FOI2014. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
34. "Maintenance Instructions: C7 family of combat weapons". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08.
35. Ripley, Tim (3 March 2016). "UK Royal Marine unit ditches the SA80 for Colt C8". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 17 March 2016.
36. Fisher, Lucy (4 November 2019). "Green beret is the sole survivor as Royal Marines get a modern makeover" . The Times . Retrieved 16 March 2023.
37. Lye, Harry (7 November 2019). "Royal Navy limits commitment to Littoral Strike Ship development". Naval Technology.
38. McCollum, Ian (January 24, 2022). "L119A2: The New British SOF Rifle". www.forgottenweapons.com.
39. "Fleet Upgrades, Licensed Programs & Custom Builds". Colt Canada. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
40. Miller, David (2001). The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns. Salamander Books Ltd. ISBN   1-84065-245-4.
41. "Brochure Colt Canada 2010" (PDF). 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2012.
42. "Brochure Colt Canada 2010" (PDF). 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2012.
43. "Halifax police firepower increased with C8 rifle purchases". CBC News. 31 October 2014.
44. Archived December 8, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
45. Lancaster, John; Fowler, Jennifer (19 January 2016). "Toronto police to get military-style assault rifles". CBC News. CBC news. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
46. Hærens Operative Kommando (January 2012). "HRN 111-001 5,56 mm gevær M/95-familien" (PDF). HRN 111-001 5,56 mm gevær M/95-familien– via Manual.
47. "Colt C7/C8NLD 5.56mm". Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
48. Bartocci, Christopher R. (2004). Black Rifle II The M16 into the 21st Century. Collector Grade Publications Incorporated. ISBN   0-88935-348-4.
49. "Her slår norske elitesoldater tilbake mot Taliban". Dagbladet.no. 2012-04-15. Archived from the original on 2019-04-26. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
50. "Kabultid". Forsvaret.no. 2018-10-01. Archived from the original on 2019-04-26. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
51. "Paint-ball kan ha utløst politiaksjon - VG Nett". Vg.no. 2005-08-17. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
52. "Ny skyteepisode i Oslo: Politiet har pågrepet én person". Dagbladet.no. 2017-06-27. Archived from the original on 2019-04-26. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
53. "Politiets livvakttjeneste - Vi Menn". Klikk.no. 2015-06-09. Archived from the original on 2019-04-26. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
54. "Menirea Intervenției Rapide" (in Romanian). Presa Militara Romana. 2004. Archived from the original on April 8, 2009.
55. N/A. "Front-line The Colt Canada unveils at CANSEC 2024 new C8A4 to equip Canadian Army. Army Recognition".
56. "Tatarigama_UA on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
57. "Canadian Small Arms & Light Weapons in Ukraine". 22 January 2023.
58. "Tactical Hearing Protection System (THPS) User Information" (PDF). British Army. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2017.
59. De Los Santos, Sgt. Kealiiholokaikeikio (18 January 2023). "Tactics and training across the Atlantic". United States Marines Corps. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
60. Fisher, Lucy (4 November 2019). "Green beret is the sole survivor as Royal Marines get a modern makeover" . The Times . Retrieved 16 March 2023.
61. "SAS - Weapons - C8 Carbine". www.eliteukforces.info. Retrieved 2024-06-03.