Crinodendron

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Crinodendron
Crinodendron hookerianum1.jpg
C. hookerianum
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Oxalidales
Family: Elaeocarpaceae
Genus: Crinodendron
Molina
Type species
Crinodendron patagua Molina [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Tricuspidaria Ruiz & Pav.
  • Tricuspis Pers.

Crinodendron is a genus of evergreen shrubs or trees [3] belonging to the family Elaeocarpaceae native to South America. [4] Some are cultivated as ornamentals in Europe and elsewhere. They have narrow, leathery evergreen leaves and pendent bell-shaped flowers in red, pink or white.

Contents

Description

Crinodendron patagua flowering Crinodendron patagua, Sendero Los Hornos, Hijuelas, Valparaiso, Chile 1.jpg
Crinodendron patagua flowering
Crinodendron hookerianum flowering Crinodendron2.jpg
Crinodendron hookerianum flowering
Crinodendron hookerianum flower detail Crinodendron hookerianum Gay flower detail.jpg
Crinodendron hookerianum flower detail

Crinodendron are 2–7 m tall, [5] evergreen [6] [3] trees or shrubs. [5] [6]

Taxonomy

It was published by Giovanni Ignazio Molina in 1782 [7] [1] with Crinodendron patagua Molina as the type species. [1]

Species

It has four species: [8] [4]

  1. Crinodendron brasiliense Reitz & L.B.Sm.
  2. Crinodendron hookerianum Gay
  3. Crinodendron patagua Molina
  4. Crinodendron tucumanum Lillo

Etymology

The generic name Crinodendron is composed of two Greek words: krinon, meaning lily, [6] [9] in reference to the fragrant, white, lily-like flowers of Crinodendron patagua, [6] and dendron, meaning tree. [9]

Distribution

It is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and has been introduced to the Juan Fernández Islands. [4]

Ecology

Pollination

Crinodendron patagua is insect pollinated, Crinodendron hookerianum is hummingbird pollinated, [10] [11] and Crinodendron tucumanum is insect pollinated. [11]

Horticulture

In cultivation in temperate areas they require a sheltered location. [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Victoria</i> (plant) Genus of aquatic plants

Victoria or giant waterlily is a genus of aquatic herbs in the plant family Nymphaeaceae. Its leaves have a remarkable size: Victoria boliviana produces leaves up to 3.2 metres (10 ft) in width. The genus name was given in honour of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

<i>Crinum</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae

Crinum is a genus of about 180 species of perennial plants that have large showy flowers on leafless stems, and develop from bulbs. They are found in seasonally moist areas, including marshes, swamps, depressions and along the sides of streams and lakes in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide.

<i>Mahonia</i> Genus of flowering plants belonging to the barberry family

Mahonia is a formerly accepted genus of approximately 70 species of shrubs or, rarely, small trees with evergreen leaves in the family Berberidaceae, native to eastern Asia, the Himalaya, North America, and Central America. They are closely related to the genus Berberis and as of 2023 the majority of botanical sources list it as a synonym for Berberis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elaeocarpaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

Elaeocarpaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family contains approximately 615 species of trees and shrubs in 12 genera. The largest genera are Elaeocarpus, with about 350 species, and Sloanea, with about 120.

<i>Colliguaja</i> Genus of flowering plants

Colliguaja is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1782. It is native to South America.

  1. Colliguaja brasillensisKlotzsch ex Baill. - Paraguay, S Brazil, Uruguay
  2. Colliguaja dombeyanaA.Juss. - S Chile
  3. Colliguaja integerrimaGillies & Hook. - S Chile, W Argentina
  4. Colliguaja odoriferaMolina - N & C Chile
  5. Colliguaja salicifoliaGillies & Hook. - C Chile
<i>Crinodendron patagua</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Crinodendron patagua, the patagua or lily of the valley tree, is a species of evergreen tree. It grows in Chile from 33° to 36° South latitude, up to 1200 m (4000 ft) above sea level in elevation. It is found in wet habitats and prefers ravines. An endangered associate tree is the Chilean wine palm, whose distribution was much wider prehistorically. This tree reaches a height up to 10 m (33 ft).

<i>Tulipa gesneriana</i> Species of plant

Tulipa gesneriana, the Didier's tulip or garden tulip, is a species of plant in the lily family, cultivated as an ornamental in many countries because of its large, showy flowers. This tall, late-blooming species has a single blooming flower and linear or broadly lanceolate leaves. This is a complex hybridized neo-species, and can also be called Tulipa × gesneriana. Most of the cultivars of tulip are derived from Tulipa gesneriana. It has become naturalised in parts of central and southern Europe and scattered locations in North America.

Lily of the valley tree is a common name for several trees and may refer to:

<i>Nymphaea nouchali <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> zanzibariensis</i> Species of aquatic plant

Nymphaea nouchali var. zanzibariensis is a variety of the water lily species Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. naturally found in the region stretching from Southeastern Kenya to Southern Africa, including the Comoros and Madagascar. It has been Introduced into Florida, USA.

<i>Chaetanthera</i> Genus of flowering plants

Chaetanthera is a genus of South American flowering plants in the family Asteraceae native to Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.

<i>Cleisocentron</i> Genus of orchids

Cleisocentron is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has a disjunct distribution, known from the Himalayas, Vietnam, China and Borneo.

<i>Crinodendron hookerianum</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Crinodendron hookerianum, known as the Chilean lantern tree, is an evergreen tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae. It is endemic to Chile, where it occurs from Cautin to Palena. It grows near streams and in very humid and shady places, and is often found in Valdivian temperate forests.

<i>Amomyrtus meli</i> Species of plant

Amomyrtus meli, known as meli, is a species of tree in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to Chile and grows from Arauco to Chiloe. It grows mostly on moist and shaded sites.

<i>Deherainia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Deherainia is a genus of plants in the family Primulaceae, native to Central America.

<i>Taxus <span style="font-style:normal;">×</span> media</i> Hybrid plant species

Taxus × media, also referred to as the Hybrid yew, Anglo-Japanese yew, or Anglojap yew is a conifer created by the hybridization of English yew Taxus baccata and Japanese yew Taxus cuspidata. This hybridization is thought to have been performed by the Massachusetts-based horticulturalist T.D. Hatfield in the early 1900s.

<i>Passiflora <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Astrophea</i> Subgenus of flowering plants

Passiflora subg. Astrophea is a group of Passiflora species that are lianas, shrubs and trees found in South America.

<i>× Tritordeum</i> Hybrid wheat/barley crop

Tritordeum is a hybrid crop, obtained by crossing durum wheat with the wild barley Hordeum chilense. It has less gliadin (gluten) than wheat, but still performs well in breads, both in terms of dough rising and texture qualities, and in taste-testing, where it substantially outperformed gluten-free breads. It has ten times more lutein, more oleic acid, and more fiber than wheat, giving products made from it a yellower hue and a pleasant flavor profile.

<i>Serruria bolusii</i> Species of plant

Serruria bolusii, the Agulhas spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the family Proteaceae. It is part of the South African fynbos vegetation type. The plant is native to the Western Cape and is found in Elim hills and Soetanysberg. The shrub grows upright to 1.0 m tall and flowers from August to December.

<i>Paranomus tomentosus</i> Species of plant

Paranomus tomentosus, the hairy-leaf tree sceptre, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Proteaceae. It is part of the South African fynbos vegetation type. The plant is native to the Western Cape, South Africa.

<i>Crinodendron brasiliense</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Crinodendron brasiliense, known as the cinzeiro, is an evergreen shrub to tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae. It is endemic to Brazil, growing only in the Serra Geral mountain range, specifically within Santa Catarina. It has the narrowest distribution of all Crinodendron species and is classified as an endangered species.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-i). Crinodendron Molina. Tropicos. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40016518
  2. Crinodendron Molina. (n.d.-b). Catalogue of Life. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3VVL
  3. 1 2 Schmidt, P. A., Schulz, B. (2023). Fitschen - Gehölzflora: Ein Buch zum Bestimmen der in Mitteleuropa wild wachsenden und angepflanzten Bäume und Sträucher. p. 398. Deutschland: Quelle & Meyer Verlag.
  4. 1 2 3 Crinodendron Molina. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39407-1
  5. 1 2 Sampaio, D.; Teixeira, L.A. Elaeocarpaceae in Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at: <https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB7444>. Accessed on: 28 Jan. 2025
  6. 1 2 3 4 Crinodendron. (n.d.). Oregon State University. Retrieved January 28, 2025, from https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/crinodendron
  7. Molina, Giovanni Ignazio (1782). Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chili. p. 179. Boloña: Stamperia di S. Tomaso d'Aquino.
  8. Crinodendron Molina. (n.d.-c). WFO Plant List. Retrieved January 28, 2025, from https://wfoplantlist.org/taxon/wfo-4000009698-2024-12?page=1
  9. 1 2 Crinodendron hookerianum | Landscape Plants | Oregon State University. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2023, from https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/plants/crinodendron-hookerianum
  10. Jones, B. & University of Oxford, Department of Plant Sciences. (n.d.). Plant 234 Crinodendron species (Elaeocarpaceae) Lantern trees. Oxford Plants 400. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://dps007.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/plants400/Profiles/cd/Crinodendron
  11. 1 2 Aldridge, J. (2022), Crinodendron from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/crinodendron/). Accessed 2025-01-27.
  12. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN   978-1405332965.