Cryptotaenia japonica

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Cryptotaenia japonica
Cryptotaenia japonica1.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Cryptotaenia
Species:
C. japonica
Binomial name
Cryptotaenia japonica
Synonyms [1]
  • Deringa dissecta(Y.Yabe) Koso-Pol.
  • Deringa japonica(Hassk.) Koso-Pol.

Cryptotaenia japonica, commonly called mitsuba, Japanese wild parsley and Japanese honewort among other names, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the celery family native to Japan, Korea and China. [2] The plant is edible and is commonly used as a garnish and root vegetable in Japan, [3] and other Asian countries. [4] It is sometimes considred a subspecies of Cryptotaenia canadensis as Cryptotaenia canadensis subsp. japonica. [5]

Contents

Description

Growing 30–100 centimetres (12–39 in) tall, its petiolate leaves are triangular or ovate and serrated, vaguely resembling parsley. [6] It has short, lateral roots. [6] It flowers in April or May and fruits from June to October. [6] The flowers are white compound umbels and the fruits are schizocarps. [6] Preferring moist, shady areas, it can be found on roadsides and in ditches, as well as damp areas of forests where it can be weedy. [6]

Names

The most common English names for Cryptotaenia japonica are mitsuba [7] (from the Japanese), Japanese wild parsley [6] and Japanese honewort. [8] Other commmon names include white chervil [9] Japanese parsley, stone parsley, [6] Japanese cryptotaenia [8] and East Asian wild parsley. [10]

In Mandarin Chinese, the plant is usually called yāér qín (鴨兒芹, lit. "duckling celery") in China, but more commonly shān qíncài (山芹菜, lit. "mountain celery") in Taiwan. Other common Chinese names are yě shǔkuí (野蜀葵 [lower-alpha 1] ) and sānyè qín (三葉芹). In Japanese, the plant is called mitsuba (三つ葉, [11] lit. "trefoil" or "three-leaved") or mitsubazeri (野蜀葵). In Korean, the plant is called padeudeuk namul (파드득나물) or bandi namul (반디나물), with both names referring to its culinary function as a namul herb.

Uses

Illustration from the Japanese agricultural encyclopedia Seikei Zusetsu (1804) Leiden University Library - Seikei Zusetsu vol. 30, page 008 - Ya Er Qin  - Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk., 1804.jpg
Illustration from the Japanese agricultural encyclopedia Seikei Zusetsu (1804)

Cryptotaenia japonica has both culinary and traditional medical uses. It is raised as a seasoning (similar to angelica). Like parsley, the flavor is clean and refreshing with a slightly bitter taste which some describe as celery-like. The sprouts are used in salads and soup.[ citation needed ]

In Japan, it is commonly used as a garnish in soups or atop entrees or as a sushi ingredient. The white stems are blanched while they're tender, and have a taste similar to coriander. [12] Two main regional varieties exist, the green Kansai type, and the white Kantō type. [12]

Mitsuba's dark green leaves, stems, and pods have an extensive nutritional profile, including high levels of calcium and vitamin C.[ citation needed ]

Notes

  1. These Chinese characters are used for the Japanese name mitsubazeri as well.

Related Research Articles

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<i>Cryptotaenia</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Ardisia japonica</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Osmunda japonica</i> Species of fern

Osmunda japonica, also called Asian royal fern or fiddlehead, is a fern in the genus Osmunda native to east Asia, including Japan, China, Korea, Taiwan, and the far east of Russia on the island of Sakhalin. It is called gobi in Korean, zenmai in Japanese, and zǐqí or juécài in Chinese.

<i>Eurya japonica</i> Species of flowering plant

Eurya japonica, known as East Asian eurya, is a 1–3.5 m tall shrub in the Pentaphylacaceae family found in eastern China, Korea, and Japan. It is used as an ornamental plant. In shinto it is a sacred tree, whose leaves are used as sacrificial offerings.

<i>Allium chinense</i> Species of Allium

Allium chinense is an edible species of Allium, native to China, and cultivated in many other countries. Its close relatives include the onion, scallion, leek, chive, and garlic.

<i>Artemisia princeps</i> Species of plant

Artemisia princeps, also commonly called yomogi, Japanese mugwort, Korean wormwood, Korean mugwort or wormwood in English, is an Asian plant species in the sunflower family, native to China, Japan and Korea. It is a perennial, very vigorous plant that grows to 1.2 meters. This species spreads rapidly by means of underground stolons and can become invasive. It bears small, buff-colored flowers from July to November which are hermaphroditic, and pollinated by wind. The leaves are feather shaped, scalloped and light green, with white dense fuzz on the underside.

<i>Leonurus japonicus</i> Species of flowering plant

Leonurus japonicus, commonly called oriental motherwort or Chinese motherwort, is a herbaceous flowering plant native to Asia, including Korea and Japan, and China to Cambodia.

<i>Lobelia chinensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Lobelia chinensis, commonly known as Asian lobelia, Chinese lobelia, and Herba Lobellae Chinensis, is a species of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has the name.

<i>Aucuba japonica</i> Species of plant

Aucuba japonica, commonly called spotted laurel, Japanese laurel, Japanese aucuba or gold dust plant (U.S.), is a shrub native to rich forest soils of moist valleys, thickets, by streams and near shaded moist rocks in China, Korea, and Japan. This is the species of Aucuba commonly seen in gardens - often in variegated form. The leaves are opposite, broad lanceolate, 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) long and 2–5 cm (0.79–1.97 in) wide. Aucuba japonica are dioecious. The flowers are small, 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) diameter, each with four purplish-brown petals; they are produced in clusters of 10-30 in a loose cyme. The fruit is a red drupe approximately 1 cm (0.39 in) in diameter that is avoided by birds.

<i>Oenanthe javanica</i> Species of plant

Oenanthe javanica, commonly Java waterdropwort, water celery, water dropwort, Chinese celery, Indian pennywort, minari and Japanese parsley, is a plant of the genus Oenanthe originating from East Asia. It has a widespread native distribution in temperate Asia and tropical Asia, and is also native to Queensland, Australia.

C. japonica may refer to:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to herbs and spices:

<i>Achyranthes japonica</i> Species of flowering plant

Achyranthes japonica, commonly known as Oriental chaff flower or Japanese chaff flower, is a perennial member of the genus Achyranthes in the family Amaranthaceae. It can be discovered on the roadside and its main distribution is in Korea and Japan.

References

  1. The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species , retrieved 19 July 2016
  2. Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 80, 鸭儿芹 ya er qin, Cryptotaenia japonica Hasskarl, Retzia. 1: 113. 1855.
  3. "Gardening Articles :: Edibles :: Herbs :: National Gardening Association". garden.org. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  4. "Cryptotaenia japonica f. atropurpurea - Plant Finder". missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  5. Koji Kageyama, et al. "Aphanomyces mitsuba sp. nov. causing stem rot of 'mitsuba', Cryptotaenia japonica, in hydroponic culture." Mycological Progress.22:57 (July 2023). p. 56. doi : 10.1007/s11557-023-01908-2
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Zhenghao Xu and Le Chang. "Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk." Identification and Control of Common Weeds: Volume 3. Springer, 2017. pp. 35–36. ISBN   9789811054037
  7. "Cryptotaenia japonica". Plants for a Future . Retrieved 15 March 2024.
  8. 1 2 "Cryptotaenia japonica". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
  9. , Hurst, Kim (2015). Hidden Histories Herbs - The Secret Properties of 150 Plants. London: Timber Press. p. 56. ISBN   9781604696189.
  10. Korea National Arboretum (2015). English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: National Arboretum. p. 426. ISBN   978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2016 via Korea Forest Service.
  11. 猪股慶子監修 成美堂出版編集部編 (2012). かしこく選ぶ・おいしく食べる 野菜まるごと事典 (in Japanese). 成美堂出版. p. 170. ISBN   978-4-415-30997-2.
  12. 1 2 Sanderson, Helen; Renfrew, Jane M. (2005). Prance, Ghillean; Nesbitt, Mark (eds.). The Cultural History of Plants. Routledge. p. 107. ISBN   0415927463.