Delonix

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Delonix
Delonex regia.jpg
Royal poinciana ( Delonix regia )
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Genus: Delonix
Raf. (1837) [1]
Type species
Delonix regia
Species

See text

Synonyms [3]
  • Aprevalia Baill. (1884)
  • LemuropisumH.Perrier (1938 publ. 1939)

Delonix is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. [4] It contains trees that are native to Madagascar and East Africa. By far the best known species is the Royal Poinciana ( D. regia ).

Contents

The name of the genus is derived from the Greek words δηλος (delos), meaning "evident," and ονυξ (onyx), meaning "claw," referring to the petals. [5] The common name, poinciana, comes from a former genus of the same name in which the members of the current genus Delonix were classified along with plants now placed in the genus Caesalpinia .

Species

12 species are accepted: [3]

ImageScientific nameDistribution
Delonix baccal (Chiov.) Baker f. Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia
Delonix boiviniana (Baill.) Capuron Madagascar
Delonix brachycarpa (R.Vig.) CapuronMadagascar
Delonix decaryi 01 ies.jpg Delonix decaryi (R.Vig.) CapuronMadagascar
Delonix edulis (H.Perrier) Babineau & BruneauMadagascar
Delonix elata01.JPG Delonix elata (L.) Gamble East Africa, southern Arabia east to western India
Delonix floribunda (12069188293).jpg Delonix floribunda (Baill.) CapuronMadagascar
Delonix leucantha (R.Vig.) Du Puy, Phillipson & R.Rabev.Madagascar
Gardenology.org-IMG 2515 ucla09.jpg Delonix pumila Du Puy, Phillipson & R.Rabev.Madagascar
Delonix (4745245617).jpg Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. Madagascar [6]
Delonix tomentosa (R.Vig.) CapuronMadagascar
Delonix velutina (R.Vig.) CapuronMadagascar

Use

These plants (collectively known as fengoky or fengoka) release brown resin lumps that can be dissolved to make glue, or sucked as edible sweets among the Malagasy. Their seeds too are roasted and eaten as a snack in the south. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mimosoideae</span> Subfamily of legumes

The Mimosoideae are a traditional subfamily of trees, herbs, lianas, and shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae) that mostly grow in tropical and subtropical climates. They are typically characterized by having radially symmetric flowers, with petals that are twice divided (valvate) in bud and with numerous showy, prominent stamens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fabaceae</span> Family of legume flowering plants

The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, are a large and agriculturally important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, shrubs, and perennial or annual herbaceous plants, which are easily recognized by their fruit (legume) and their compound, stipulate leaves. The family is widely distributed, and is the third-largest land plant family in number of species, behind only the Orchidaceae and Asteraceae, with about 765 genera and nearly 20,000 known species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caesalpinioideae</span> Subfamily of legumes

Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia. It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily. The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust and Kentucky coffeetree. It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensisUrb. and Mimosa pudicaL., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides(Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidaceaBaill., or Poeppigia proceraC.Presl

<i>Cercis</i> Genus of flowering plants in the bean family Fabaceae

Cercis is a genus of about 10 species in the subfamily Cercidoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. It contains small deciduous trees or large shrubs commonly known as redbuds in the USA. They are characterised by simple, rounded to heart-shaped leaves and pinkish-red flowers borne in the early spring on bare leafless shoots, on both branches and trunk ("cauliflory"). The genus contains ten species, native to warm temperate regions of North America, southern Europe, western and central Asia, and China.

<i>Delonix regia</i> Species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae

Delonix regia is a species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae native to Madagascar. It is noted for its fern-like leaves and flamboyant display of orange-red flowers over summer. In many tropical parts of the world it is grown as an ornamental tree and in English it is given the name royal poinciana, flamboyant, phoenix flower, flame of the forest, or flame tree.

<i>Parkia</i> Genus of plants

Parkia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Several species are known as African locust bean.

<i>Dimorphandra</i> Genus of legumes

Dimorphandra is a genus of legume in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It includes 26 species native to northern South America, ranging from Colombia and Venezuela to Bolivia, Paraguay, and southeastern Brazil.

Vouacapoua is a genus of legume in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It includes three species of trees native to northern South America, ranging from the Guianas to northern and northeastern Brazil. They grow in terre firme Amazonian rain forest.

<i>Peltophorum</i> Genus of legumes

Peltophorum is a genus of 5–15 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. The genus is native to certain tropical regions across the world, including northern South America, central and southern Africa, Indochina, southeastern China, Malesia, New Guinea, and northern Australia. The species are medium-sized to large trees growing up to 15–25 m tall, rarely 50 m.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cercidoideae</span> Subfamily of legumes

Cercidoideae is a subfamily in the pea family, Fabaceae. Well-known members include Cercis (redbuds), including species widely cultivated as ornamental trees in the United States and Europe, Bauhinia, widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in tropical Asia, and Tylosema, a semi-woody genus of Africa. The subfamily occupies a basal position within the Fabaceae and is supported as monophyletic in many molecular phylogenies. At the 6th International Legume Conference, the Legume Phylogeny Working Group proposed elevating the tribe Cercidae to the level of subfamily within the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). The consensus agreed to the change, which was fully implemented in 2017. It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Cercis canadensisL. and Bauhinia divaricataL. but not Poeppigia proceraC.Presl, Duparquetia orchidaceaBaill., or Bobgunnia fistuloides(Harms) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema.

<i>Recordoxylon</i> Genus of plants

Recordoxylon is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes three species of trees native to the tropical Amazon rainforest of northern South America, and the species' range includes northern Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, and Venezuela. Habitats include non-flooded rain forest on terra firme, seasonally-flooded riverine forest (várzea), and montane forest.

<i>Zuccagnia</i> Genus of legumes

Zuccagnia punctata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is the sole species in genus Zuccagnia. It belongs to tribe Caesalpinieae of subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

<i>Lysiphyllum</i> Genus of legumes

Lysiphyllum is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes nine species of trees, semi-scandent shrubs, and lianas which range from India through Southeast Asia to Australasia. Typical habitats include seasonally-dry tropical forest and woodland, vine thickets, Brigalow and Gidgee scrubland, floodplains, alluvial flats, tidal forest, mangroves, river and stream banks, and occasionally dunes and coral islets. They can grow on diverse soils including calcareous, granitic, and basaltic.

Hesperalbizia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. The only species is Hesperalbizia occidentalis. It is native to Mexico and is known by the common name palo escopeta.

<i>Zapoteca</i> (plant) Genus of legumes

Zapoteca is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, in the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It was separated from the genus Calliandra in 1986 on the basis of chromosome numbers, pollen, seedling structure, and other features. It is named in honour of the Zapotec peoples.

<i>Pentaclethra</i> Genus of legumes

Pentaclethra is a small genus of trees from the tropics. They are flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. They belong to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

Disynstemon paullinioides is a species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It is a liana that is native to Madagascar. It is the only member of the genus Disynstemon.

Lasiobema was a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, most of which are lianas, belonging to the subfamily Cercidoideae. It was recently (2010) synonymized with Phanera on the basis of morphology, although this was questioned and it can be treated as a section of this genus.

<i>Guilandina</i> Genus of legumes

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Gwilym Peter Lewis is a British botanist, a curator at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and a leading expert on neotropical Leguminosae.

References

  1. "Genus: Delonix Raf". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1999-03-05. Archived from the original on 2014-02-27. Retrieved 2011-04-22.
  2. "Delonix Raf". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
  3. 1 2 Delonix Raf. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  4. The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon . 66 (1): 44–77. doi: 10.12705/661.3 . hdl: 10568/90658 .
  5. Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (4 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 137. ISBN   978-0-521-86645-3.
  6. "Subordinate Taxa of Delonix Raf". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
  7. Puy, David J. Du; Phillipson, Peter B.; Rabevohitra, Raymond (1995). "The Genus Delonix (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Caesalpinieae) in Madagascar". Kew Bulletin . 50 (3): 450–1. doi:10.2307/4110322.