Earl of Wharncliffe

Last updated

Earldom of Wharncliffe
Coronet of a British Earl.svg
Earl of Wharncliffe COA.svg
Blazon
  • Quarterly 1st & 4th, Argent, on a Bend between six Martlets Gules, three Bezants, a Canton Or, charged with a Fess chequy Azure and Argent, within a Double Tressure flory counter-flory Gules (Wortley); 2nd, Or, a Fess chequy Azure and Argent within a Double Tressure flory counter-flory Gules (Stuart); 3rd, Argent, three Lozenges conjoined in fess Gules, within a Bordure Sable (Montagu)Crests: 1st: a Demi-Lion rampant Gules, and above in an Escrol the motto NOBILIS IRA(Noble in anger)(Stuart); 2nd: an Eagle’s Leg erased Or, issuant therefrom three Ostrich Feathers proper, charged on the thigh with a Fess chequy Azure and Argent (Wortley); 3rd: a Griffin’s Head couped Or, wings endorsed and beaked Sable (Montagu); Supporters: Dexter: a Horse Argent, bridled Gules, gorged with a Collar flory counter-flory Gules. Sinister: a Stag proper, attired Or, gorged with a Collar flory counter-flory Gules.
Creation date15 January 1876
Created by Queen Victoria
Peerage Peerage of the United Kingdom
First holder Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Wharncliffe
Present holderRichard Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Wharncliffe
Heir apparentReed Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, Viscount Carleton
Remainder toSpecial remainder (see main text)
Subsidiary titlesViscount Carleton
Baron Wharncliffe
MottoAVITO VIRET HONORE
(He flourishes with the honour of his ancestors)
James Stuart-Wortley,
1st Baron Wharncliffe 1stLordWharncliffe.jpg
James Stuart-Wortley,
1st Baron Wharncliffe

Earl of Wharncliffe, in the West Riding of the County of York, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

Contents

History

The earldom was created in 1876 for Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 3rd Baron Wharncliffe. He was a descendant of Edward Wortley Montagu (grandson of Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich), and his wife, the author Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Their daughter Mary married the future Prime Minister John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute. Their second son, James Stuart, succeeded to the Wortley estates in Yorkshire and Cornwall through his mother and assumed the additional surname of Wortley, becoming James Stuart-Wortley. In 1803, he also inherited the Scottish estates of his uncle James Stuart-Mackenzie and assumed the additional surname of Mackenzie. His second son, James Stuart-Wortley, was a soldier and prominent Tory politician. In 1826, he was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom as Baron Wharncliffe, of Wortley in the County of York. [1]

The first baron was succeeded by his eldest son, John. He represented Bossiney, Perth, and the West Riding of Yorkshire in the House of Commons. On his death, the peerage passed to his eldest son, Edward, the third Baron. He was Chairman of the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, which under his leadership became the Great Central Railway. In 1876 he was created Viscount Carlton, of Carlton in the West Riding of the County of York, and Earl of Wharncliffe, in the West Riding of the County of York, with remainder to his younger brother the Hon. Francis Dudley Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1829–1893). [2] These titles are all in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. In 1880, Lord Wharncliffe assumed the additional surname of Montagu. He was succeeded in the viscountcy and earldom, by virtue of the special remainder, by his nephew Francis, the second Earl, the eldest son of the Hon. Francis Dudley Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie. This line of the family failed on the death of his grandson, the fourth Earl, in 1987. He was succeeded by a second cousin once removed, the fifth and present Earl, Richard Alan Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, of Portland, Maine, the elder son of Alan Ralph Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, only son of Ralph Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, only son of the Hon. Ralph Granville Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, younger brother of the second Earl.

Other notable family members

Several other members of this branch of the Stuart family have also gained distinction. John Stuart-Wortley, younger brother of the first Baron, sat as Member of Parliament for Bossiney. The Hon. Charles Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, second son of the first Baron, was also Member of Parliament for Bossiney. His daughter Victoria, Lady Welby, was a philosopher of language. Charles Stuart-Wortley, 1st Baron Stuart of Wortley, was the son of the Hon. James Stuart-Wortley, third son of the first Baron (see the Baron Stuart of Wortley for more information on this branch of the family). The Hon. Edward James Montague-Stuart-Wortley (1857–1934), second son of the Hon. Francis, second son of the second Baron, was a Major-General in the British Army. The Hon. Sir (Alan) Richard Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (1868–1949), younger son of the Hon. Francis, second son of the second Baron, was a Lieutenant-General in the British Army. The Hon. James Stuart-Wortley, third son of the second Baron, was a member of the first Parliament of New Zealand.

Family seat

Wortley Hall, the family seat until 1950 Wortley Hall 02.jpg
Wortley Hall, the family seat until 1950

Until the Second World War, the family seat was Wortley Hall. In 1950, it was sold by the third Earl. He kept ownership of the estate and built a new family seat, Wharncliffe House, about a mile south of Wortley, South Yorkshire, considerably smaller than the old one, with only five bedrooms, sitting in woodland on the estate. The fourth Earl continued to live there until his death.

Barons Wharncliffe (1826)

Earls of Wharncliffe (1876)

Present peer

Richard Alan Montagu Stuart Wortley, 5th Earl of Wharncliffe (born 1953), is an American distant cousin of the fourth Earl, a grandson of Ralph Granville Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (1864–1927), a younger brother of the second earl, and succeeded to the peerages in 1987. [3] At the time, he was a construction foreman from Cumberland, Maine. [4] The fourth Earl separated the peerages from what was left of the estate, leaving it to his immediate family. [5] In July 1987, the new peer arrived in Yorkshire as a tourist, to visit the family seat, which he had never seen. He commented “I am just an ordinary guy.” [4] The estate was ultimately inherited by Lady Rowena Wortley-Hunt, only surviving child of the fourth earl, who took it over on her mother’s death in 2001. [5]

The heir apparent to the peerages is the present holder's eldest son, Reed Montagu Stuart Wortley, Viscount Carlton (born 1980). [3]

Line of succession

Line of succession
  • Coronet of a British Baron.svg John Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 2nd Baron Wharncliffe (1801–1855)
    • Coronet of a British Earl.svg Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Wharncliffe (1827–1899)
    • Hon. Francis Dudley Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (1829–1893)
      • Ralph Granville Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (1864–1927)
        • Ralph Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (1897–1961)
          • Alan Ralph Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (1927–1986)
            • Coronet of a British Earl.svg Richard Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, 5th Earl of Wharncliffe (b. 1953)
              • (1). Reed Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, Viscount Carlton (b. 1980)
                • (2). Evan Caid Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 2002)
                • (3). Quinlan James Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 2008)
              • (4). Hon. Christopher James Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 1983)
                • (5). Oliver Charles Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 2014)
                • (6). Asher Reed Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 2017)
              • (7). Hon. Otis Alexander Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 1991)
            • (8). William Ralph Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 1959)
              • (9). Brian Alan Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 1987)
              • (10). Michael Riley Montagu-Stuart-Wortley (b. 1993)

[6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duke of Sutherland</span> Title in the peerage of the United Kingdom

Duke of Sutherland is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom which was created by William IV in 1833 for George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Marquess of Stafford. A series of marriages to heiresses by members of the Leveson-Gower family made the dukes of Sutherland one of the richest landowning families in the United Kingdom. The title remained in the Leveson-Gower family until the death of the 5th Duke of Sutherland in 1963, when it passed to the 5th Earl of Ellesmere from the Egerton family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Stuart-Wortley, 1st Baron Wharncliffe</span> British soldier and politician

Colonel James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Wharncliffe, PC was a British soldier and politician. A grandson of Prime Minister John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, he held office under Sir Robert Peel as Lord Privy Seal between 1834 and 1835 and as Lord President of the Council between 1841 and 1845.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Earl of Abingdon</span> Title in the Peerage of England

Earl of Abingdon is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 30 November 1682 for James Bertie, 5th Baron Norreys of Rycote. He was the eldest son of Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey by his second marriage to Bridget, 4th Baroness Norreys de Rycote, and the younger half-brother of Robert Bertie, 3rd Earl of Lindsey. His mother's family descended from Sir Henry Norris, who represented Berkshire and Oxfordshire in the House of Commons and served as Ambassador to France. In 1572 he was summoned by writ to Parliament as Lord Norreys de Rycote. He was succeeded by his grandson, the second Baron. In 1621, he created Viscount Thame and Earl of Berkshire in the Peerage of England. He had no sons and on his death in 1624 the viscountcy and earldom became extinct. He was succeeded in the barony by his daughter Elizabeth, the third holder of the title. On her death, the title passed to her daughter, the aforementioned Bridget, the fourth Baroness, and second wife of the second Earl of Lindsey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marquess of Bute</span> Scottish title of nobility

Marquess of the County of Bute, shortened in general usage to Marquess of Bute, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1796 for John Stuart, 4th Earl of Bute.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Earl of St Germans</span> Earldom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom

Earl of St Germans, in the County of Cornwall, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom that is held by the Eliot family. The title takes its name from the village of St Germans, Cornwall, and the family seat is Port Eliot. The earldom has the subsidiary title of Baron Eliot.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley</span> British army officer

Major-General Edward James Montagu-Stuart-Wortley, was a senior British Army officer. He saw extensive active service in many parts of world, including Afghanistan, South Africa, Egypt, the Ottoman Empire, Malta, Sudan, France and Ireland. He was the source of the "interview" with Kaiser Wilhelm II that was the basis of the Daily Telegraph Affair that weakened the Kaiser's political power in Germany. During the First World War he commanded the 46th Division and was controversially dismissed from the command of his division after the Battle of the Somme in 1916 due to the failure of his division's diversionary attack.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Stuart-Wortley, 1st Baron Stuart of Wortley</span> British politician

Charles Beilby Stuart-Wortley, 1st Baron Stuart of Wortley, was a British Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 until 1916, shortly before he was raised to the peerage. He served as Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department between 1885–1886 and 1886–1892 in the Conservative administrations headed by Lord Salisbury.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Montagu Bertie, 7th Earl of Abingdon</span> English peer

Montagu Arthur Bertie, 7th Earl of Abingdon, styled Lord Norreys from 1854–84, was an English peer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 5th Earl Fitzwilliam</span> British nobleman and politician

Charles William Wentworth Fitzwilliam, 5th Earl Fitzwilliam in the peerage of Ireland, and 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam in the peerage of Great Britain, was a British nobleman and politician. He was president three times of the Royal Statistical Society in 1838–1840, 1847–1849, and 1853–1855; and president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in its inaugural year (1831–2).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wortley Hall</span> Former stately home in Wortley, Yorkshire, England

Wortley Hall is a former stately home in the small village of Wortley, located south of Barnsley, Yorkshire. It has been owned by individuals and organisations associated with British trade unions and the wider labour movement since 1951. It operates as a non profit co-operative.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Grosvenor, 1st Baron Ebury</span> British courtier and Whig politician (1801–1893)

Robert Grosvenor, 1st Baron Ebury PC, styled Lord Robert Grosvenor from 1831 to 1857, was a British courtier and Whig politician. He served as Comptroller of the Household between 1830 and 1834 and as Treasurer of the Household between 1846 and 1847. In 1857 he was ennobled as Baron Ebury.

Colonel James Archibald Stuart, later Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, British politician and soldier, was the second son of John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute and his wife Mary Stuart, Countess of Bute.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 9th Duke of Newcastle</span> British peer and aviator

Henry Edward Hugh Pelham-Clinton-Hope, 9th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne,, styled Earl of Lincoln from 1928 to 1941, was a British peer and aviator.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 7th Earl Fitzwilliam</span> British politician

William "Billy" Charles de Meuron Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 7th Earl Fitzwilliam,, styled Viscount Milton from 1877 to 1902, was a British Army officer, nobleman, politician, and aristocrat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Wharncliffe</span> British peer and railway executive

Edward Montagu Stuart Granville Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1st Earl of Wharncliffe, was a British peer and railway executive.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Stuart-Wortley, 2nd Baron Wharncliffe</span> British Tory politician

John Stuart-Wortley, 2nd Baron Wharncliffe FRS, was a British Tory politician. He served briefly as Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies between December 1834 and January 1835.

Sir Mark Beresford Russell Grant-Sturgis KCB was a British civil servant who served as Assistant Under-Secretary for Ireland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth Stuart-Wortley, Baroness Wharncliffe</span> British painter

Caroline Elizabeth Mary Stuart-Wortley, Baroness Wharncliffe, styled Lady Caroline Crichton from 1789 until her marriage, was an Irish-born British aristocrat and female artist known for her landscape and figurative drawing and painting. A number of these artworks are in the Tate collection and archives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Archibald Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Wharncliffe</span> English soldier, peer and landowner

Archibald Ralph Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Wharncliffe JP DL was an English soldier, peer, and landowner, a member of the House of Lords.

Alan Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 4th Earl of Wharncliffe, known as Viscount Carlton from birth until 1953, was a British landowner and hereditary peer who was a member of the House of Lords from 1956 until his death.

References

  1. "No. 18259". The London Gazette . 17 June 1826.
  2. "No. 24283". The London Gazette . 11 January 1876. p. 99.
  3. 1 2 Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (Debrett's Peerage Limited, 2008), p. 1,055
  4. 1 2 U.S. Earl In England To See Family Seat, AP News, 30 July 1987, accessed 8 January 2023. Archived 9 January 2023 at the Wayback Machine
  5. 1 2 History of The Stuart Montagu Wortley Mackenzie Family, wharncliffeestates.co.uk, accessed 8 January 2023
  6. Morris, Susan; Bosberry-Scott, Wendy; Belfield, Gervase, eds. (2019). "Wharncliffe, Earl of". Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. Vol. 1 (150th ed.). London: Debrett's Ltd. pp. 4764–4766. ISBN   978-1-999767-0-5-1.