Earldom of Carnarvon | |
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Creation date | 3 July 1793 [1] |
Creation | Third |
Created by | George III |
Peerage | Peerage of Great Britain |
First holder | Henry Herbert, 1st Baron Porchester |
Present holder | George Herbert, 8th Earl of Carnarvon |
Heir apparent | George Herbert, Lord Porchester |
Remainder to | 1st Earl's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten |
Subsidiary titles | Baron Porchester (17 October 1780) |
Seat(s) | Highclere Castle |
Motto | Ung je serviray ('I will serve but one master') [1] |
Earl of Carnarvon is a title that has been created three times in British history. [2] The current holder is George Herbert, 8th Earl of Carnarvon. The town and county in Wales to which the title refers are historically spelled Caernarfon, having been Anglicised to Carnarvon or Caernarvon. The traditional Welsh spelling is itself a modified form of the original name of antiquity, Caer-yn-Arfon, meaning fortification opposite the island of Mona (now called Ynys Môn, Anglesey, in English). [3]
The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1628 in favour of Robert Dormer, 2nd Baron Dormer of Wyng. [2] For more information on this creation, which became extinct in 1709, see the Baron Dormer. [1]
The second creation was in 1714 [2] in the Peerage of Great Britain for James Brydges, 9th Baron Chandos. In 1719 he was further honoured when he was made Marquess of Carnarvon and Duke of Chandos. For more information on this creation, which became extinct in 1789, see the Duke of Chandos. [4]
The third creation was in 1793 in the Peerage of Great Britain for Henry Herbert, 1st Baron Porchester. [2] The precise form of this creation was Earl of the Town and County of Carnarvon, in the Principality of Wales, although in practice only the style of Earl of Carnarvon is used. He had previously represented Wilton in the House of Commons and had already in 1780 been created Baron Porchester, of High Clere in the County of Southampton (also in the Peerage of Great Britain). [1] Herbert was the son of Major-General the Hon. William Herbert, fifth son of Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke. He was succeeded by his eldest son Henry George Herbert, the second Earl, who sat as Whig Member of Parliament for Cricklade.
His eldest son Henry John George Herbert, the third Earl, briefly represented Wootton Bassett in Parliament as a Tory before he succeeded his father in the earldom. His eldest son Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert, the fourth Earl, was a prominent Conservative politician and served as Secretary of State for the Colonies and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. He was succeeded by his only son from his first marriage, George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, who is noted for discovering the tomb of Tutankhamun along with Howard Carter. [4]
As of 2020 [update] , the titles are held by the fifth earl's great-grandson, the eighth Earl, who succeeded in 2001. As a male line descendant of Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke and 5th Earl of Montgomery, he is also in remainder to these peerages and their subsidiary titles. [4]
Several other members of this branch of the Herbert family may be mentioned. The Very Reverend the Hon. William Herbert, third son of the first Earl, was a clergyman and noted botanist. His son Henry William Herbert was a novelist and writer on sport. Sir Robert George Wyndham Herbert, Permanent Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1871 to 1892, was the son of the Hon. Algernon Herbert, fifth son of the first Earl. [4]
The Hon. Auberon Herbert, second son of the third Earl, was a writer, theorist, and philosopher, and also represented Nottingham in the House of Commons. He married Lady Florence Amabel Cowper, daughter of George Cowper, 6th Earl Cowper and his wife Lady Anne Florence de Grey Cowper, 7th Baroness Lucas of Crudwell. In 1905, their only son Auberon Herbert succeeded his uncle as ninth Baron Lucas of Crudwell (see this title for further history of this branch of the family). [4]
The Hon. Aubrey Herbert, second son of the fourth Earl, was Member of Parliament for South Somerset and for Yeovil. His son Auberon Herbert was an expert on Eastern Europe. [4] His daughter Laura Herbert was the second wife of the novelist Evelyn Waugh and mother of the journalist Auberon Waugh.
The family seat of the Herbert Earls of Carnarvon is Highclere Castle in Hampshire, which was the filming location for the UK television series Downton Abbey . The traditional burial place of the Herbert Earls of Carnarvon is the Carnarvon Mausoleum, located in the park at Highclere Castle; [5] some other family members are buried in the Herbert Mausoleum at the Church of All Saints, Burghclere. [6]
As of 2020 [update] , the heir apparent is the present holder's elder son, George Kenneth Oliver Molyneux Herbert, Lord Porchester (born 1992).
The 8th Earl of Carnarvon was the heir presumptive to the earldom of Pembroke and the earldom of Montgomery until the birth of Reginald Henry Michael, Lord Herbert, to William Herbert, 18th Earl of Pembroke, on 21 October 2012. The 8th Earl of Carnarvon is currently third in line to those titles.
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Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke and 5th Earl of Montgomery,, styled The Honourable Thomas Herbert until 1683, was an English and later British statesman during the reigns of William III and Anne.
Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon,, known as Lord Porchester from 1833 to 1849, was a British politician and a leading member of the Conservative Party. He was twice Secretary of State for the Colonies and also served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Auberon Edward William Molyneux Herbert was a British writer, theorist, philosopher, and 19th century individualist. He was a son of the 3rd Earl of Carnarvon. He was Liberal Member of Parliament for the two-member constituency of Nottingham from 1870 to 1874.
Baron Lucas is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The second creation is extant and is currently held with the title Lord Dingwall in the Peerage of Scotland.
Baron Dormer, of Wyng, County of Buckingham, is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 30 June 1615 for Sir Robert Dormer, 1st Baronet. He had, only twenty days earlier on 10 June 1615, been created a baronet "of Wing in the County of Buckingham", in the Baronetage of England.
Earl of Powis (Powys) is a title that has been created three times. The first creation came in the Peerage of England in 1674 in favour of William Herbert, 3rd Baron Powis, a descendant of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke. In 1687, he was further honoured when he was made Marquess of Powis.
Henry George Alfred Marius Victor Francis Herbert, 6th Earl of Carnarvon, was a British peer. He was the son of George, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, and Almina Wombwell.
Henry George Reginald Molyneux Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon, , was a British peer and racing manager to Queen Elizabeth II from 1969 until his death. From his birth until September 1987, he was known by the courtesy title Lord Porchester.
Francis Thomas de Grey Cowper, 7th Earl Cowper, known as Viscount Fordwich from 1837 to 1856, was a British Liberal politician. He was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1880 to 1882.
Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Carnarvon PC, known as The Lord Porchester from 1780 to 1793, was a British Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1780 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Porchester. He served as Master of the Horse from 1806 to 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents headed by Lord Grenville.
Sir Robert Dormer of Wing, 2nd Baronet, 1st Earl of Carnarvon, 1st Viscount Ascott, 2nd Baron Dormer of Wing [or Wenge] was an English peer. He was the son of Sir William Dormer, and thus a grandson of Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer. His mother was Alice Molyneux, daughter of Sir Richard Molyneux, 1st Baronet, and Frances Gerard. Dormer received the title Baron Dormer at the age of six and on 2 August 1628, at age 18, he was raised to Viscount Ascott and was created Earl of Carnarvon.
Henry John George Herbert, 3rd Earl of Carnarvon, FRS, styled Lord Porchester from 1811 to 1833, was a British writer, traveller, nobleman, and politician.
George Reginald Oliver Molyneux Herbert, 8th Earl of Carnarvon, styled Lord Porchester from 1987 to 2001, is a British peer and farmer.
Colonel Henry George Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon DL, FSA, styled The Honourable Henry Herbert from 1780 to 1793 and Lord Porchester from 1793 to 1811, was a British peer, nobleman, and Whig politician.
George Augustus Frederick Cowper, 6th Earl Cowper, styled Viscount Fordwich until 1837, was a British Whig politician. He served briefly as Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs under his uncle Lord Melbourne in 1834.
Pixton Park is a country house in the parish of Dulverton, Somerset, England. It is associated with at least three historically significant families, successively by descent: Acland, amongst the largest landowners in the Westcountry; Herbert, politicians and diplomats; and Waugh, writers. The present grade II* listed Georgian mansion house was built circa 1760 by the Acland family and in 1870 was altered by Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon (1831–1890). Although Pixton Park is situated within the manor of Dulverton, the manorial chapel relating to Pixton is situated not at Dulverton but within the Church of St Nicholas, Brushford, across the River Barle, as the lordship of the manor of Dulverton was held from 1568 by the Sydenham family seated at Combe House, on the opposite side of the River Barle to Dulverton and Pixton.
The Herbert family is an Anglo-Welsh noble family founded by William Herbert, known as "Black William", the son of William ap Thomas, founder of Raglan Castle, a follower of Edward IV of England in the Wars of the Roses. The name Herbert originated in 1461 when William was granted the title Baron Herbert of Raglan, having assumed an English-style surname in place of his Welsh patronymic, ap William.
Elizabeth Herbert, Countess of Carnarvon, formerly Lady Elizabeth Alicia Maria Wyndham, was the wife of Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Carnarvon.
Elizabeth "Kitty" Herbert, Countess of Carnarvon, formerly Kitty Acland, was an English noblewoman. She was the wife of Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon.
Jean Margaret "Jeanie" Herbert, Countess of Carnarvon,, was an American-born British aristocrat and chatelaine of Highclere Castle.
Herbert Comte de Carnarvon - Angleterre - (Lord Porchester, 17 oct. 1780; comte de C., 3 juillet 1793) - Parti d'azur et de gueules à trois lions d'argent armés et lampassés d'or 2 et 1 et un croissant d'argent en chef brochant sur le parti Cimier un dragon ailé de sinople tenant entre ses dents une main senestre de gueules Supports à dextre une panthère d'argent tachetée d'émaux divers la tête posée de front jetant des flammes par la bouche et les oreilles colletée d'une couronne partie de gueules et d'azur et enchaînée d'azur à senestre un lion d'argent colleté d'une couronne de gueules Devise UNG JE SERVIRAY."