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Ars subtilior is a musical style characterized by rhythmic and notational complexity, centered on Paris, Avignon in southern France, and also in northern Spain at the end of the fourteenth century. The style also is found in the French Cypriot repertory. Often the term is used in contrast with ars nova, which applies to the musical style of the preceding period from about 1310 to about 1370; though some scholars prefer to consider ars subtilior a subcategory of the earlier style. Primary sources for ars subtilior are the Chantilly Codex, the Modena Codex, and the Turin Manuscript.
F. Andrieu was a French composer in the ars nova style of late medieval music. Nothing is known for certain about him except that he wrote Armes, amours/O flour des flours, a double ballade déploration, for the death of Guillaume de Machaut in 1377. The work has been widely praised and analyzed; it is notable for being one of two extant medieval double ballades for four voices, the only known contemporary musical setting of Eustache Deschamps and the earliest representative of the longstanding medieval and Renaissance lamentation tradition between composers.
Solage, possibly Jean So(u)lage, was a French composer, and probably also a poet. He composed the most pieces in the Chantilly Codex, the principal source of music of the ars subtilior, the manneristic compositional school centered on Avignon at the end of the century.
Johannes Cesaris was a French composer of the late Medieval era and early Renaissance. He was one of the composers of the transitional style between the two epochs, and was active at the Burgundian court in the early 15th century.
The Chantilly Codex is a manuscript of medieval music containing pieces from the style known as the Ars subtilior. It is held in the museum at the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise.
Grimace was a French composer-poet in the ars nova style of late medieval music. Virtually nothing is known about Grimace's life other than speculative information based on the circumstances and content of his five surviving compositions of formes fixes; three ballades, a virelai and rondeau. His best known and most often performed work in modern-times is the virelai and proto-battaglia: A l’arme A l’arme.
Egidius de Francia was a French music theorist of medieval music, known for the short treatise De motettis componendis. He possibly was an Augustinian friar, as in a miniature illumination he is titled Magister Egidius Augustinus. Along with "Guilelmus de Francia", he was probably a friar at the Monastery of Santo Spirito in Florence.
Philippus de Caserta, was a medieval music theorist and composer associated with the style known as ars subtilior.
Aegidius (given name) is a male given name of Greek origin.
Conradus de Pistoria was an Italian composer of the late medieval era and early Renaissance, active in Florence and elsewhere in northern Italy. He is listed in the standard histories of music for the period, including the New Oxford History of Music: Ars Nova and the Renaissance, 1300–1540, and the New Grove. Conradus was an Italian representative of the manneristic school of composers known as the ars subtilior, closely associated with the courts of the schismatic popes during the period of the Avignon Papacy.
Matheus de Sancto Johanne, also known as Mayshuet, was a French composer of the late Medieval era. Active both in France and England, he was one of the representatives of the complex, manneristic musical style known as the ars subtilior which flourished around the court of the Avignon Papacy during the Great Schism.
Johannes SymonisHasprois was a French composer originally from Arras. Four of his works of music survive in four different manuscripts, and he may also have written a treatise on astrology.
Jo[hannes] Susay or Jehan Suzay was a French composer of the Middle Ages. He is the composer of three ballades in the ars subtilior style, all found in the Chantilly Codex: A l'albre sec, Prophilias, un des nobles, and Pictagoras, Jabol et Orpheus. The last ballade is also found in the Boverio Codex, Turin T.III.2, with the more accurate incipit "Pytagoras, Jobal, et Orpheus". A a three-voice Gloria "in fauxbourdon-like style" found in the Apt codex is also attributed to Susay.
The Egidius Kwartet is a Dutch vocal ensemble specialising in the music of the Franco-Flemish school, in particular of the Habsburgs, Margaret of Austria, governor of the Netherlands and her court at Mechelen. The ensemble was formed by four members of Ton Koopman's Amsterdam Baroque Choir in 1995.
The Modena Codex is an early fifteenth-century Italian manuscript of medieval music. The manuscript is one of the most important sources of the ars subtilior style of music. It is held in the Biblioteca Estense library in Modena.
P. des Molins, probably Pierre des Molins, was a French composer-poet in the ars nova style of late medieval music. His two surviving compositions – the ballade De ce que fol pensé and rondeau Amis, tout dous vis – were tremendously popular as they are among the most transmitted pieces of fourteenth-century music. The ballade is found in 12 medieval manuscript sources and featured in a c. 1420 tapestry; the rondeau is found in 8 sources and referenced by the Italian poet Simone de' Prodenzani. Along with Grimace, Jehan Vaillant and F. Andrieu, Molins was one of the post-Guillaume de Machaut generation whose music shows few distinctly ars subtilior features, leading scholars to recognize Molins's work as closer to the ars nova style of Machaut.
Petrus de Goscalch was a composer from the papal choir at Avignon of whom only one composition, "En nul estat", survives in the Chantilly Codex, but who may be significant as the possible author of the third part of The Berkeley Treatise of 1375.
Rodericus was a French composer of the 14th century.
The 1380s in music involved some significant events.
Magister Franciscus was a French composer-poet in the ars nova style of late medieval music. He is known for two surviving works, the three-part ballades: De Narcissus and Phiton, Phiton, beste tres venimeuse; the former was widely distributed in his lifetime. Modern scholarship disagrees on whether Franciscus was the same person as the composer F. Andrieu.
References
- ↑ Early Music History: Volume 22: Studies in Medieval and Early ... - Page 136 Iain Fenlon - 2003 "The relationship between En mon cuer, Trebor's Passerose de beaute and Egidius's Roses et lis is essentially a musical one, though there are also some textual echoes (compare Figures 1 and 2).
- ↑ Music and musicians: Volume 26 Evan Senior - 1977 "Finally three little gems in the second half were the ballades (actually the complete extant works) by Egidius. His Courtois et sage, dedicated to Pope Clement VII in Avignon, contains much variety within the prevailing 6/8 rhythm, ..."
- ↑ Garber, Benjamin. "Egidius de Murino", from Medieval France: An Encyclopedia. William Kibler, ed. Garland 1995. p.316.
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