Enteucha acetosae

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Enteucha acetosae
04.001 BF118 Enteucha acetosae (5815497985).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nepticulidae
Genus: Enteucha
Species:
E. acetosae
Binomial name
Enteucha acetosae
(Stainton, 1854)
Synonyms
List
    • Nepticula acetosaeStainton, 1854
    • Johanssonia acetosae(Stainton, 1854)
    • Johanssoniella acetosae(Stainton, 1854)
    • Nepticula arifoliellaKlimesch, 1940

Enteucha acetosae, the pygmy sorrel moth, is a moth of the family Nepticulidae found in Europe. It is one of the smallest moths in the world with some having a wingspan of only 3mm. The larvae mine the leaves of docks ( Rumex species), leaving bright red tissue around the mines.

Contents

Life history

The wingspan is 3–4 mm. (one of the world's smallest moths). [1] The head is fuscous to blackish. Antennal eyecaps whitish. Forewings shining bronze; a broad shining silvery fascia at 3/4, preceded by a fuscous suffusion apical area beyond this rather dark purplish-fuscous. Hindwings grey. [2] There are two to three generations in western and central Europe.

Ovum

Eggs are laid on the underside of common sorrel ( Rumex acetosa ), sheep's sorrel ( Rumex acetosella ) and French sorrel ( Rumex scutatus ). [3] [4]

Larvae
Enteucha acetosae mines Enteucha acetosae mines, Harlech, North Wales, Sept 2004 (20971573822).jpg
Enteucha acetosae mines

Larvae are pale amber/yellow with a greenish gut. The head is pale amber with a faint brown tinge. [3] They mine the leaves of their host plant. [4]

Pupa

Pupation is outside of the mine in a white cocoon, spun on detritius, which turns yellow as it ages. [3] [4] [5]

Distribution

The moth is found in Europe, from Sweden to the Pyrenees, Alps and Serbia and from Ireland to Romania. [6]

Etymology

Enteucha acetosae was described by the English entomologist, Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854, from a specimen found in Dublin, Ireland. It was originally placed in the genus Nepticula , moved to Johanssonia and at present, Enteucha ; which was raised by Edward Meyrick in 1915. The specific name acetosae refers to one of the food plants Rumex acetosa. [7]

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References

  1. ↑ Kimber, Ian. "Enteucha acetosae (Stainton, 1854)". UKmoths. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  2. ↑ Meyrick, E., A Handbook of British Lepidoptera . London: MacMillan, 1895.
  3. 1 2 3 Emmet, A M (1983). Nepticulidae. In The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 1. Colchester: Harley Books. p. 266. ISBN   0-946589-15-1.
  4. 1 2 3 Ellis, W N. "Enteucha acetosae (Stainton, 1854) sorrel pigmy". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  5. ↑ Emmet, A E (1988). A Field Guide to the Smaller British Lepidoptera (Second ed.). London: British Entomological and Natural History Society. p. 31. ISBN   0-9502891-6-7.
  6. ↑ "Enteucha acetosae (Stainton, 1854)". Fauna Europaea. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  7. ↑ Emmet, A Maitland (1991). The Scientific Names of the British Lepidoptera. Their history and meaning. Colchester: Harley Books. p. 48. ISBN   0-946589-35-6.
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