| Eriocrania cicatricella | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Eriocraniidae |
| Genus: | Eriocrania |
| Species: | E. cicatricella |
| Binomial name | |
| Eriocrania cicatricella (Zetterstedt, 1839) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Eriocrania cicatricella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe. It was first described by Johan Wilhelm Zetterstedt in 1839. The larvae mine the leaves of birch ( Betula species). [2]
The wingspan is about 11 mm. The head is fuscous, somewhat mixed with grey-whitish. The forewings are rather elongate, pale shining golden, strigulated and spotted with purple and the veins posteriorly purple. There is a rather indistinct transverse dorsal spot of ground-colour before the tornus, not reaching half across wing; cilia light grey. Vein 9 is absent. The hindwings are grey, towards apex purplish-tinged. The moth flies in April around the larval food plant.
Eggs are laid in the leaf buds of birch ( Betula species) and the white larvae mine the leaves in May. Larvae have swollen thoracic segments. The mine is a greenish blotch and contains two to four larvae. Several species of the Eriocraniidae may mine the same leaf and mines can merge, so care needs to be taken when identifying mines. [3] [4]
Zetterstedt originally put the moth in the genus Adela, which was raised by the French zoologist, Pierre André Latreille in 1796. The name comes from the Greek adelos, which describes the larval habit of concealing itself in a portable case; although in the case of this moth, the larvae live within the tissue of a leaf! The moth is now in the genus Eriocrania , which was raised by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1851. Erion means wool and kranion means the upper part of the head, which refers to the hair-scales on the top of the head. The specific name, cicatricella is from cicatrix, a scar – referring to the indistinct transverse dorsal spot. [5] [6]
Eriocrania cicatricella is found from Britain and Ireland east to Russia. [1]
Eriocraniidae is a family of moths restricted to the Holarctic region, with six extant genera. These small, metallic moths are usually day-flying, emerging fairly early in the northern temperate spring. They have a proboscis with which they drink water or sap. The larvae are leaf miners on Fagales, principally the trees birch (Betula) and oak (Quercus), but a few on Salicales and Rosales.
Dyseriocrania subpurpurella is a diurnal moth from the family Eriocraniidae, found in most of Europe. The moth was first named by the English entomologist, Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1828.
Eriocrania semipurpurella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae. It is found from Europe to Japan and in North America. The species closely resembles Eriocrania sangii.
Hydrelia sylvata, the waved carpet, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found throughout the temperate parts of the Palearctic realm.
Eriocrania sangii is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae. It is found in Europe.
Eriocrania salopiella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae and is found in Europe. It was described by the English entomologist, Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854. The larvae mine the leaves of birch.
Eriocrania sparrmannella also known as the mottled purple is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae, found in Europe and Japan. It was first described by the French entomologist, Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc in 1791. The specific name honours the Swedish naturalist Anders Erikson Sparrman. The larvae mine the leaves of birch.
Eriocrania unimaculella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe. It was first described by the Swedish naturalist Johan Wilhelm Zetterstedt in 1839. The larvae feed inside the leaves of birch, making a mine.
Eriocrania chrysolepidella is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae found in Europe. It was first described by the German entomologist, Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1851. The larvae mine the leaves of hazel and hornbeam.
Stigmella betulicola is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in most of Europe, east to the eastern part of the Palearctic realm.
Ectoedemia occultella, the small birch leafminer, is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It has a Holarctic distribution. It is found in most of Europe, east through Russia to Japan. It is also present in North America. Mines very similar to that of Ectoedemia occultella have been found on Rosaceae species in Nepal and Japan and these may belong to this species.
Bucculatrix thoracella, the lime bent-wing, is species of moth in the family Bucculatricidae, and was first described in 1794 by Carl Peter Thunberg as Tinea thoracella. It is found throughout Europe with exception of Ireland and the Balkan Peninsula, and in Japan, where it occurs on the islands of Hokkaido and Honshu.
The hawthorn red midget moth is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in all of Europe.
Parornix betulae is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, east to Korea. It was recently reported from Canada, with records from Québec, Ontario and British Columbia.
Apotomis betuletana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of Europe. It is also found in the eastern part of the Palearctic realm. The habitat consists of woods and woodland margins where birch occurs.
Coleophora siccifolia is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in most of Europe.
Coleophora fuscocuprella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Fennoscandia to the Pyrenees, Italy, Albania and Romania and from Ireland to Russia.
Bucculatrix demaryella is a moth of the family Bucculatricidae. The species was first described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1840. It is found in most of Europe, Russia and Japan.
Exoteleia dodecella, the pine bud moth, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is widely distributed from western Europe to Siberia. It is an introduced species in North America.
Scrobipalpa samadensis, the buck's-horn groundling, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe and Russia.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain . Keys and description (as purpurella)