Erythranthe gemmipara

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Erythranthe gemmipara
Mimulus gemmiparus plant lg.jpg
Status TNC G1.svg
Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Phrymaceae
Genus: Erythranthe
Species:
E. gemmipara
Binomial name
Erythranthe gemmipara

Erythranthe gemmipara is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Phrymaceae, known by the common name Rocky Mountain monkeyflower. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States, where there are eight known occurrences. [1] It was formerly known as Mimulus gemmiparus. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

This annual herb grows about 10 centimeters (3.9 inches) tall. Some of the leaves have propagules on their petioles called gemmae. When a leaf falls off the plant the gemma can generate a new plant; this is the mode of reproduction for this species, as flowers are rarely produced and they are sterile. [7] The gemmae are probably dispersed on water. The plants occur in colonies of mother and daughter plants. [1] When they do occur, the flowers are yellow with variable patterns of red spots and measure about half a centimeter long. While the flowers are rare in nature, the plants may produce many flowers when propagated in the greenhouse. [8]

This plant grows in subalpine climates in moist areas such as seeps in granite outcrops and overhangs and forest habitat near springs. It can often be found alongside other Erythranthe species, [1] such as Erythranthe floribunda , Erythranthe guttata , and Erythranthe rubella . The forests are dominated by spruce, fir, and aspen and other plants in the habitat may include Jamesia americana (fivepetal cliffbush), Dodecatheon spp. (shootingstar), Aquilegia saximontana (Rocky Mountain blue columbine), Epilobium spp. (fireweed), Salix spp. (willow), Campanula rotundifolia (bluebell bellflower), Artemisia ludoviciana (white sagebrush), Packera plattensis (prairie groundsel), Erigeron subtrinervis (threenerve fleabane), Rhodiola integrifolia (ledge stonecrop), Oreochrysum parryi (Parry's goldenrod), Brickellia microphylla (littleleaf brickellbush), Amelanchier utahensis (Utah serviceberry), and Montia chamissoi (water minerslettuce). [8] Threats to this species include recreational activities such as hiking and horseback riding. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Erythranthe nudata</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe nudata, the bare monkeyflower, is a species of monkeyflower endemic to the serpentine soils of Colusa, Lake and Napa Counties in California. It is an annual flower with bright yellow tube-shaped blooms and small narrow leaves.

<i>Erythranthe bicolor</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe bicolor, the yellow and white monkeyflower, is a species of flowering plant in the lopseed family (Phrymaceae). It is endemic to California, United States. It was formerly known as Mimulus bicolor.

<i>Erythranthe breviflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe breviflora is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name shortflower monkeyflower. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Wyoming to the Modoc Plateau and northern Sierra Nevada in California. It grows in moist areas in several types of habitat. It was formerly known as Mimulus breviflorus.

<i>Diplacus brevipes</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus brevipes is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name widethroat yellow monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus brevipes.

<i>Erythranthe exigua</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe exigua is a rare species of monkeyflower known by the common name San Bernardino Mountains monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus exiguus.

<i>Erythranthe filicaulis</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe filicaulis, known by the common name slender-stemmed monkeyflower, is a species of monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus filicaulis.

<i>Erythranthe floribunda</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe floribunda is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name many-flowered monkeyflower. It is native to western North America from western Canada to California and northern Mexico, to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of habitat, especially moist areas. It was formerly known as Mimulus floribundus.

<i>Erythranthe glaucescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe glaucescens is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name shieldbract monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus glaucescens.

<i>Erythranthe gracilipes</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe gracilipes is an uncommon species of monkeyflower known by the common name slenderstalk monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus gracilipes.

Erythranthe inflatula, synonyms Mimulus inflatulus and Mimulus evanescens, is a rare species of monkeyflower known by the common name disappearing monkeyflower. It is native to the western United States, where it is known from about ten locations in and around the Great Basin within the states of Idaho, Oregon, and California; it is also found in Nevada. Specimens of the plant had been catalogued as Mimulus breviflorus, but on further examination it was evident that they were a separate, unclassified species; this was described to science in 1995. It is thought that the plant may have evolved via hybridization between Erythranthe breviflora and Erythranthe latidens, or that it evolved from E. latidens and then into E. breviflora.

<i>Erythranthe montioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe montioides is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name montia-like monkeyflower. It is native to the Sierra Nevada and its foothills in California, and it has been observed in the mountains near Carson City, Nevada. It grows in moist areas in the mountains and disturbed, rocky soils. It was formerly known as Mimulus montioides.

<i>Diplacus nanus</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus nanus is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name dwarf purple monkeyflower. It is native to California and the Northwestern United States to Montana. It grows in moist habitat, often in bare or disturbed soils. It was formerly known as Mimulus nanus.

<i>Erythranthe palmeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe palmeri is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Palmer's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus palmeri.

<i>Erythranthe parishii</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe parishii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Parish's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus parishii.

<i>Mimetanthe</i> Species of flowering plant

Mimetanthe is a genus of flowering plants in the family Phrymaceae. It has only one species, Mimetanthe pilosa, synonym Mimulus pilosus, known by the common names false monkeyflower and downy mimetanthe. It is native to the western United States and Baja California, where it grows in moist and disturbed habitat types. This plant is different enough from other monkeyflowers that it is treated in its own monotypic genus, Mimetanthe, or it may be retained in Mimulus.

<i>Erythranthe pulsiferae</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe pulsiferae is a species of monkeyflower known by the common names candelabrum monkeyflower and Pulsifer's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus pulsiferae. It is native to the western United States from Washington to northern California, where it grows in wet habitat such as streambanks. It is an annual herb growing 2 to 21 centimeters tall. The leaves occur in a basal rosette and oppositely along the stem, each on a short petiole and with an oval blade. The tubular base of the flower is encapsulated in a ribbed calyx of sepals with tiny pointed lobes. The flower is roughly a centimeter long and yellow in color, sometimes with red spotting or pink-tinged white coloration in the mouth.

<i>Erythranthe purpurea</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe purpurea is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name little purple monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus purpureus.

<i>Erythranthe shevockii</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe shevockii is a rare species of monkeyflower known by the common name Kelso Creek monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus shevockii.

<i>Erythranthe tilingii</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythranthe tilingii is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Tiling's monkeyflower. It was formerly known as Mimulus tilingii.

<i>Diplacus torreyi</i> Species of flowering plant

Diplacus torreyi is a species of monkeyflower known by the common name Torrey's monkeyflower.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Mimulus gemmiparus. [ permanent dead link ] The Nature Conservancy. Retrieved 11-04-2011.
  2. Giblin, David, ed. (2015). "Erythranthe guttata". WTU Herbarium Image Collection. Burke Museum, University of Washington. Retrieved 2015-03-31.
  3. Barker, W.R.; Nesom, G.L.; Beardsley, P.M.; Fraga, N.S. (2012), "A taxonomic conspectus of Phrymaceae: A narrowed circumscriptions for Mimulus, new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations" (PDF), Phytoneuron, 2012–39: 1–60
  4. Beardsley, P. M.; Yen, Alan; Olmstead, R. G. (2003). "AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination". Evolution. 57 (6): 1397–1410. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00347.x . JSTOR   3448862. PMID   12894947. S2CID   14119163.
  5. Beardsley, P. M.; Olmstead, R. G. (2002). "Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma". American Journal of Botany. 89 (7): 1093–1102. doi:10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093. JSTOR   4122195. PMID   21665709.
  6. Beardsley, P. M.; Schoenig, Steve E.; Whittall, Justen B.; Olmstead, Richard G. (2004). "Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 474–4890. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.3.474 . JSTOR   4123743. PMID   21653403.
  7. Moody, A.; et al. (1999). "Developmental analysis of the evolutionary origin of vegetative propagules in Mimulus gemmiparus (Scrophulariaceae)". Am J Bot. 86 (11): 1512–22. doi:10.2307/2656789. JSTOR   2656789. PMID   10562243.
  8. 1 2 Beatty, B.L., W.F. Jennings, and R.C. Rawlinson (2003, November 21). Mimulus gemmiparus W.A. Weber (Rocky Mountain monkeyflower): A technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Retrieved 11-04-2011.