Eucalyptus brachyandra

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Tropical red box
Eucalyptus brachyandra.jpg
Eucalyptus brachyandra near Kununurra
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. brachyandra
Binomial name
Eucalyptus brachyandra

Eucalyptus brachyandra, commonly known as the tropical red box, [3] is a straggly tree, mallee or shrub and is endemic to north-western Australia. It has rough, fibrous to stringy bark on the trunk and smooth grey to white bark on the smaller branches. Mature trees have elliptic to oblong or egg-shaped leaves, tiny flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped, bell-shaped or urn-shaped fruit. It grows in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and the Top End of the Northern Territory.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus brachyandra is a straggly tree that grows to a height of 8 to 10 metres (26 to 33 ft) or sometimes a shrub or a mallee, and forms a lignotuber. The bark is rough, fibrous to stringy on the trunk and sometimes on the larger branches and smooth, grey to white above. Young plants and coppice regrowth have elliptic to egg-shaped or almost round leaves 25–80 mm (0.98–3.1 in) long, 15–60 mm (0.59–2.4 in) wide arranged in opposite pairs and have a petiole. Adult leaves are usually oblong to egg-shaped, 33–97 mm (1–4 in) long 9–45 mm (0.4–2 in) wide on a petiole 8–26 mm (0.31–1.0 in) long. The opposite sides of the leaves are a different shade of dull, pale green. The flowers are borne in groups of three or seven on the ends of the branches or upper leaf axils on a peduncle 1–10 mm (0.039–0.39 in) long, the individual buds on a pedicel up to 4 mm (0.16 in) long. Mature buds are pear-shaped, 2.5–4 mm (0.098–0.16 in) long and 2–2.5 mm (0.08–0.1 in) wide with a rounded operculum. Flowering mainly occurs from August to November and the flowers are creamy white. The fruit is a woody, cup-shaped, bell-shaped or urn-shaped capsule 2–3 mm (0.079–0.12 in) long and wide, among the smallest in the genus. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus brachyandra was first formally described by the botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1859 from a specimen "on the rocky slopes of the upper Victoria River" and the description was published in the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany . [7] [8] The specific epithet (brachyandra) is derived from the ancient Greek words brachys (βραχύς), meaning "short" and anēr, genitiveandros (ἀνήρ, genitive ἀνδρός), meaning "male", [9] possibly referring to the short stamens. [6] [10]

Distribution and habitat

Tropical red box is found on rocky sites or in rock fissures in the Kimberley region of Western Australia growing in sandy skeletal soils over sandstone or quartzite. [3] It is also found in the north west of the Northern Territory from south of Darwin, Northern Territory extending south west from the Tabletop Range through the Victoria River catchment area to the Western Australian border. Its usual habitat is on sandstone plateaus and ridge tops. [4]

Conservation

Eucalyptus brachyandra is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [3]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Eucalyptus gamophylla</i> Species of plant

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<i>Eucalyptus johnsoniana</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus jucunda</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus mannensis</i> Species of plant

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<i>Eucalyptus sessilis</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus tectifica</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus yumbarrana</i> Species of plant

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<i>Eucalyptus arenacea</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus conglomerata</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus koolpinensis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus koolpinensis, commonly known as Koolpin box, is a species of straggly tree that is endemic to the Northern Territory. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, more or less round adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus longissima is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous or stringy bark on the trunk, smooth greyish brown bark above, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in group of between seven and thirteen, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> socialis</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. socialis, commonly known as the summer red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland south-eastern Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

References

  1. ↑ Fensham, R.; Collingwood, T.; Laffineur, B. (2019). "Eucalyptus brachyandra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T133378195A133378197. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133378195A133378197.en . Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  2. ↑ "Eucalyptus brachyandra". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus brachyandra". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  4. 1 2 "Eucalyptus brachyandra F.Muell. Myrtaceae". NT Flora. Northern Territory Government . Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  5. ↑ Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus brachyandra". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  6. 1 2 "Eucalyptus brachyandra Tropical red box". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  7. ↑ "Eucalyptus brachyandra". APNI. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
  8. ↑ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1859). "Monograph of the Eucalypti of tropical Australia". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany. 3: 97. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
  9. ↑ Backer, C.A. (1936). Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs).
  10. ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 149. ISBN   9780958034180.
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