Eucalyptus pachyphylla

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Thick-leaved mallee
Eucalyptus pachyphylla tree.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. pachyphylla
Binomial name
Eucalyptus pachyphylla
flower buds Eucalyptus pachyphylla bud.jpg
flower buds
flower Eucalyptus pachyphylla flower.jpg
flower
fruit Eucalyptus pachyphylla buds.jpg
fruit

Eucalyptus pachyphylla, commonly known as thick-leaved mallee [2] or the red-budded mallee, [3] is a species of mallee that is native to inland Australia. It has smooth bark, egg-shaped to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three with five prominent ribs on each bud, and broad, shallow, conical to hemispherical fruit.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus pachyphylla is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 1.5–5 m (4 ft 11 in–16 ft 5 in), sometimes as high as 7 m (23 ft), and forms a lignotuber. It has a smooth textured white, grey, grey brown, grey-pink or brown bark that is sheds in loose ribbons at the base. Young plants and coppice regrowth have coarse, dull greyish green, egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves that are up to 160 mm (6.3 in) long and 50 mm (2.0 in) wide. Adult leaves are the same shade of green on both sides, thick, egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 60–115 mm (2.4–4.5 in) long and 20–45 mm (0.79–1.77 in) wide, on a petiole 12–35 mm (0.47–1.38 in) long. [2] [4] [5] [6]

The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of three on an unbranched peduncle 4–20 mm (0.16–0.79 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in) long. Mature buds are oval, 18–32 mm (0.71–1.26 in) long and 13–25 mm (0.51–0.98 in) wide, with five prominent, thin ribs along the sides and a beaked operculum 13–25 mm (0.51–0.98 in) long. The buds are pinkish near flowering time. Flowering occurs between April and July and the flowers are creamy yellow. The fruit is a woody, broad, shallow conical to hemispherical capsule 6–15 mm (0.24–0.59 in) long and 16–35 mm (0.63–1.38 in) wide including the ribs, and the valves protrude above the rim of the fruit. [2] [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy

Eucalyptus pachyphylla was first formally described in 1859 by Ferdinand von Mueller in the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany . [7] [8] The specific epithet (pachyphylla) is from ancient Greek meaning "thick-leaved". [9] The name of his species is often misapplied to Eucalyptus alatissima. [10]

Distribution and habitat

Thick-leaved mallee is often found on sand dunes and sand plains as well as rocky slopes and grows in red sandy soils. In Western Australia it is found throughout much of the Pilbara and Goldfields-Esperance regions. [2] It is also found in the Northern Territory, South Australia and Queensland. [3]

Use in horticulture

It is sold commercially and can be used as an ornamental plant, informal screen or windbreak and will attract birds. It is best grown in a position in full sun. It can tolerate drought and moderate frosts. [3]

See also

Related Research Articles

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Eucalyptus fibrosa, commonly known as the red ironbark, broad-leaved red ironbark or broad-leaved red ironbark, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree endemic to eastern Australia. It has grey to black ironbark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus melanophloia</i>

Eucalyptus melanophloia, commonly known as silver-leaved ironbark, is a species of tree that is endemic to northeastern Australia. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough, hard ironbark on the trunk and branches. The crown is usually composed of juvenile leaves that are dull, glaucous, sessile and arranged in opposite pairs. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, the flowers white and the fruit cup-shaped to hemispherical.

<i>Eucalyptus pyriformis</i>

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<i>Eucalyptus grossa</i>

Eucalyptus grossa, commonly known as coarse-leaved mallee, is a species of mallee or rarely a straggly tree, that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and all but the thinnest branches, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellowish green flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus camphora</i>

Eucalyptus camphora, commonly known as swamp gum is a flowering plant that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a species of small to medium-sized tree with smooth bark, sometimes rough at the base, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptic adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical fruit. There are two subspecies, subspecies camphora, commonly known as broad-leaved sally or swamp gum and subspecies humeana, commonly known as mountain swamp gum.

<i>Eucalyptus racemosa</i>

Eucalyptus racemosa, commonly known as snappy gum or narrow-leaved scribbly gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped to curved or egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus fasciculosa</i> species of eucalypt tree

Eucalyptus fasciculosa, commonly known as pink gum, hill gum or scrub gum, is a species of small tree that is endemic to southern Australia. It has mostly smooth, light grey to pinkish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus foecunda</i>

Eucalyptus foecunda, commonly known as narrow-leaved red mallee, Fremantle mallee or coastal dune mallee, is a species of plant in the myrtle family that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk, smooth bark above, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of nine or eleven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped fruit. It was previously included with the more widespread Eucalyptus leptophylla.

<i>Eucalyptus incrassata</i>

Eucalyptus incrassata, commonly known as the lerp mallee, yellow mallee, ridge fruited mallee or rib fruited mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to southern Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with rough, ribbony bark near the base, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white, pale yellow, sometimes pink or red flowers, and cylindrical, barrel-shaped or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kessellii</i>

Eucalyptus kessellii, commonly known as Jerdacuttup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has very hard, rough bark on the trunk of larger specimens, smooth greyish and brownish bark above, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and downturned, conical to cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus latens</i>

Eucalyptus latens, commonly known as narrow-leaved red mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth grey and coppery bark, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven to eleven or more, creamy white flowers and small barrel-shaped to shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus oldfieldii</i>

Eucalyptus oldfieldii, commonly known as Oldfield's mallee, is a species of mallee or tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a sprawling or spreading habit, mostly smooth greyish or brownish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and conical, cup-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus rameliana</i>

Eucalyptus rameliana, commonly known as Ramel's mallee, is a species of low growing mallee that is endemic to desert areas of central Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged singly in leaf axils, pale yellow flowers and flattened, pyramid-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus sessilis</i>

Eucalyptus sessilis, commonly known as Finke River mallee, red bud mallee or river mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to the Northern Territory and central areas along the border of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, sometimes with ribbon of old bark near the base, lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptical adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy yellow flowers and hemispherical fruit.

Eucalyptus percostata, commonly known as the rib-capped mallee or Devils peak mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to South Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped to conical fruit. It is only known from a few locations in the Flinders Ranges.

<i>Eucalyptus cyanophylla</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus cyanophylla, commonly known as the Murraylands mallee, blue-leaved mallee or ghost mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to southern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark, greyish blue, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical, cup-shaped or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus chlorophylla</i>

Eucalyptus chlorophylla, commonly known as green-leaf box, northern glossy-leaved box or glossy-leaved box, is a species of eucalypt that is endemic to northern Australia. It is a tree or mallee, with hard, rough bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and usually conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus corrugata</i>

Eucalyptus corrugata, also known as rough fruited mallee or rib-fruited mallee, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough scaly or fibrous bark on the lower part of its trunk, smooth bark above, glossy, lance-shaped adult leaves, prominently corrugated flower buds arranged in groups of three in leaf axils and ribbed, conical to cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus alatissima</i>

Eucalyptus alatissima is a mallee that is endemic to central parts of the Great Victoria Desert. It has rough bark on the lower part of its stems, smooth tan to cream-coloured bark on its upper parts, egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves and buds in groups of three. The buds have a powdery covering and are prominently winged.

<i>Eucalyptus canescens</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus canescens, commonly known as the Ooldea Range mallee or Beadell's mallee, depending on subspecies, is a species of mallee that is endemic to southern Australia. It has rough bark from the base of the trunk to the thicker branches, smooth bark on the thin branches, egg-shaped to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, creamy white flowers and smooth cup-shaped to conical, and sometimes ribbed fruit.

References

  1. "Eucalyptus pachyphylla". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus pachyphylla". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus pachyphylla Red-budded Mallee". Plant Selector. Botanic Gardens of South Australia. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  4. 1 2 "Red Bud Mallee Eucalyptus pachyphylla". AusEmade Pty Ltd. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  5. 1 2 "Eucalyptus pachyphylla". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  6. 1 2 Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus pachyphylla". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  7. "Eucalyptus pachyphylla". APNI. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  8. von Mueller, Ferdinand (1859). "Monograph of the eucalypti of tropical Australia". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Botany. 3: 98–99. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  9. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 269. ISBN   9780958034180.
  10. "Eucalyptus pachyphylla". APNI. Retrieved 25 November 2019.