Ferocactus herrerae

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Ferocactus herrerae
Ferocactus herrerae (5769179510).jpg
In Guamúchil, Sinaloa, Mexico
Ferocactus herrerae 002.jpg
Flower details
CITES Appendix II (CITES) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Genus: Ferocactus
Species:
F. herrerae
Binomial name
Ferocactus herrerae
J.G.Ortega, 1927
Synonyms
  • Ferocactus wislizeni subsp. herrerae Pilbeam & Bowdery, 2005
  • Ferocactus wislizeni var. herrerae N.P.Taylor, 1984

Ferocactus herrerae, commonly known as the twisted barrel cactus, [3] [4] [5] Herrera's barrel cactus, [6] or the biznaga [4] (in Classical Nahuatl), is a species of viviparous barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus of the family Cactaceae that is native to southwestern Sonora to the northwestern coastline of Sinaloa in western Mexico. [7]

Contents

Description

F. herrerae is a solitary cactus, reaching an average height of 2 m (6.56 ft), and 40 cm (15.74 in) in diameter.It features 13 deep ribs, initially heavily tuberculated. Areoles are 2.03 cm long with 7-9 spines, with supposed bristle-like radials up to 10 centimeters long and 5 millimeters wide. Flowers are yellow, with red-pink midribs and brown tips, blooming from Summer to early Autumn. The funnel-shaped flowers are yellow with a red central stripe, reaching up to 6 centimeters in length and diameter. Fruit are yellow-green and fleshy, 4 to 6 centimeters long, and 2.5 to 3 centimeters in diameter, splitting open at their base. [3] It starts out in a globular barrel cactus form and eventually, as it matures, developing into a signature cylindrical barrel cactus form. [8]

Taxonomy

It was described by Mexican botanist, Jesús González Ortega in 1927. [9] Its common name refers to its twisted, barrel cactus shape habit, with long, hooked, or barbed spines. [3] Ferocactus herrerae was originally listed as a subspecies or variety of Ferocactus wislizeni until it was elevated to full species status based on morphological differences. [9] The prior treatment is still used by some authors. [3]

Distribution and habitat

Ferocactus herrerae is native to portions of coastal southwestern Sonora to the northwestern coastline of Sinaloa in western Mexico, at elevations of under 400 m in coastal plains or semi-arid to arid shrubland. [7] Its range is sometimes said to extend into extreme western Durango. [9]

In Jardin Botanico La Concepcion, Malaga, Andalusia, Spain, showing off offspring or pups Ferocactus herrerae 01.jpg
In Jardín Botánico La Concepción, Malaga, Andalusia, Spain, showing off offspring or pups

Conservation

Ferocactus herrerae was assessed and listed as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN Red List (International Union for Conservation of Nature), for agricultural land clearance and conversion, combined with shrimp farming practices have greatly limited populations. Its current population is decreasing at a rate of 30%. [7] It may also be provided a source of protection from CITES Appendix ll, though this cannot be certain. [10]

Uses

Ferocactus herrerae is commonly used as an ornamental cactus out of its native range. [8] Its seeds can be ground into flour, and its fruit are edible, [11] showing numerous positive nutritional aspects. [12]

Ecology

Ferocactus herrerae is commonly pollinated by various cactus bee species ( Lithurgus spp.).

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barrel cactus</span> Type of cactus

Barrel cacti are various members of the two genera Echinocactus and Ferocactus, endemic to the deserts of Southwestern North America southward to north central Mexico. Some of the largest specimens are found in the Sonoran Desert.

<i>Ferocactus wislizeni</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus wislizeni, the fishhook barrel cactus, also called Arizona barrel cactus, candy barrel cactus, and Southwestern barrel cactus, is a species of flowering plant in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to northern Mexico and the southern United States. It is a ball-shaped cactus eventually growing to a cylindrical shape, with spiny ribs and red or yellow flowers in summer.

<i>Ferocactus cylindraceus</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus cylindraceus is a species of barrel cactus which is known by several common names, including California barrel cactus, Desert barrel cactus, compass barrel cactus, and miner's compass. It was first described by George Engelmann in 1853.

<i>Ferocactus glaucescens</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus glaucescens, the glaucous barrel cactus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native endemic to México.

<i>Ferocactus echidne</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus echidne is a barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus. It is found in nature in Mexico. This cactus is known commonly as Sonora barrel, Coville's barrel cactus, Emory's barrel cactus, and traveler's friend. This plant is often sold as a houseplant.

<i>Ferocactus peninsulae</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus peninsulae is a barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus of the family Cactaceae.

<i>Ferocactus robustus</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus robustus is a barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus of the family Cactaceae.

<i>Ferocactus pilosus</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus pilosus, also known as Mexican lime cactus or Mexican fire barrel, is a species of cactus in North America.

<i>Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum</i> Species of cactus

Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum is a columnar cactus plant native to Mexico. They can grow up to 15 m (49 ft) high. The trunk of this species is 1.2 to 5.0 m tall and the fruits are large and burr-like. The specific name, pecten-aboriginum, is from the Latin, and means "native combs". It was inspired by the use of the fruits as hair combs.

<i>Ferocactus emoryi</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus emoryi, known commonly as Emory's barrel cactus, Coville's barrel cactus and traveler's friend, is a barrel cactus in the genus Ferocactus.

<i>Ferocactus alamosanus</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus alamosanus is a species of Ferocactus from Mexico.

<i>Ferocactus chrysacanthus</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus chrysacanthus, commonly known as the Cedros barrel cactus, is an endangered species of cactus endemic to the islands of Cedros and West San Benito off the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico.

<i>Ferocactus flavovirens</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus flavovirens is a species of Ferocactus from Mexico.

<i>Ferocactus gracilis</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus gracilis, the fire barrel cactus, is a species of Ferocactus from Northwestern Mexico. This cactus gets its common name from the striking red coloration of its defensive spines and flowers.

<i>Ferocactus townsendianus</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus townsendianus, commonly known as the Townsend barrel cactus, is a species of cactus endemic to southern Baja California Sur in Mexico. It is a barrel cactus that grows solitary stems up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall, with gray to brown spines, with one central spine on each areole usually curved or hooked at the tip, and orange to red flowers that bloom from May to August. Ferocactus townsendianus is similar to both Ferocactus peninsulae and Ferocactus santa-maria, and is sometimes placed under peninsulae as a variety or subspecies.

<i>Ferocactus schwarzii</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus schwarzii is a species of Ferocactus from Mexico.

<i>Ferocactus pottsii</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus pottsii is a species of Ferocactus from Mexico. The specific epithet has also been spelt pottsi.

<i>Ferocactus histrix</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus histrix, also known as Acitrón barrel cactus is a species of Ferocactus native to central Mexico. It is a large barrel cactus that can be commonly found throughout all the Central Mexican matorral. It produces an edible fruit appreciated for its sour taste.

<i>Ferocactus lindsayi</i> Species of cactus

Ferocactus lindsayi is a species of Ferocactus found in Mexico.

Ferocactus tiburonensis is a species of Ferocactus found in Mexico.

References

  1. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/151948/121514608
  2. "Species+".
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Ferocactus herrerae". www.llifle.com. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  4. 1 2 "Alamos Succs; Ferocactus herrerae (twisted barrel cactus, biznaga)". www.desertmuseum.org. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  5. "Twisted Barrel Cactus". Project Noah. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  6. Yetman, David (July 1, 2006). "A rare ring form of Herrera's Barrel Cactus, Ferocactus herrerae". Cactus and Succulent Journal. 78 (4): 174. doi:10.2985/0007-9367(2006)78[174:ARRFOH]2.0.CO;2 via ResearchGate.
  7. 1 2 3 IUCN (2010-05-11). Ferocactus herrerae: Burquez Montijo, A.: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T151948A121514608 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi: 10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-3.rlts.t151948a121514608.en .
  8. 1 2 "Ferocactus herrerae | The Cactus King". thecactusking.com. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  9. 1 2 3 "Ferocactus herrerae J.G.Ortega | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  10. "Species+". www.speciesplus.net. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  11. "Ferocactus herrerae". www.cactus-art.biz. Retrieved 2023-08-02.
  12. Abdel-Baki, Ibrahim, Mahdy, Passent, Rana, Nariman (2022). "Ferocactus herrerae Fruits: Nutritional Significance, Phytochemical Profiling, and Biological Potentials". Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 77 (1): 545–551. doi:10.1007/s11130-022-01007-9. PMC   9606082 . PMID   36040657 via ResearchGate.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)