Frick Building | |
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General information | |
Type | Office |
Location | 437 Grant Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
Coordinates | 40°26′21″N79°59′51″W / 40.43917°N 79.99750°W |
Construction started | 1901 |
Completed | March 15, 1902 |
Opening | March 15, 1902 |
Cost | $2 million ($73.2 million today) |
Height | |
Roof | 330 ft (101 m) |
Technical details | |
Floor count | 20 |
Floor area | 357,474 sq ft (33,210 m2) |
Lifts/elevators | 11 |
Design and construction | |
Architect(s) | D. H. Burnham & Company |
Developer | Henry Clay Frick |
Main contractor | George A. Fuller Company |
Designated | 1974 [1] |
The Frick Building is one of the major distinctive and recognizable features of Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The tower was built by and is named for Henry Clay Frick, an industrialist coke producer who created a portfolio of commercial buildings in Pittsburgh. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The tower was built next to a building owned by his business partner-turned-rival Andrew Carnegie, on the site of Saint Peter Episcopal Church. Frick, who feuded with Carnegie after they split as business associates, had the building designed to be taller than Carnegie's in order to encompass it in constant shadow. [2]
The Frick Building was opened on March 15, 1902, and originally had 20 floors. It was the tallest building in the city at that time. [3] A leveling of the surrounding landscape that was completed in 1912 caused the basement to become the entrance, so some sources credit the building with 21 stories. It rises 330 feet (101 m) above Downtown Pittsburgh. Its address is 437 Grant Street, and is also accessible from Forbes and Fifth Avenues.
The building's architect was Daniel H. Burnham of D.H. Burnham & Company, Chicago. [4] Of the eleven executed designs for Pittsburgh by D.H. Burnham & Company, the Frick Building is one of only seven survivors. [5]
The top floor, which was reserved for The Union Club of Pittsburgh, [6] [7] [8] includes a balcony around the perimeter of the building, a high, handcrafted ceiling, and heavy, elaborate brass door fixtures. Originally, H.C. Frick used it as his personal office and as a meeting place and social club for wealthy industrialists. On the 19th floor was Frick's personal shower. At the time, no other shower had been built that high above ground level, because water could not easily be pumped that high with the technology of the time. The shower, non-functioning, still exists on the 19th floor today.
Fittingly for a building created for a man who vowed to be a millionaire by age thirty, the lobby features an elegant stained-glass window by John LaFarge, depicting "Fortune and Her Wheel" (1902). [9] The two bronze sentinel lions (1904) in the lobby were created by sculptor Alexander Proctor. A bust of Frick by sculptor Malvina Hoffman (1923) is displayed in the rear lobby, which extends from Forbes to Fifth Avenue. [4]
For a time, the building was home to the headquarters for Frick's family whiskey business, Old Overholt. [10] The headquarters oversaw a network of sales offices around the United States. [10]
Homestead is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, along the Monongahela River 7 miles (11 km) southeast of downtown Pittsburgh. The borough is known for the Homestead strike of 1892, an important event in the history of labor relations in the United States. The population was 2,884 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
Henry Clay Frick was an American industrialist, financier, and art patron. He founded the H. C. Frick & Company coke manufacturing company, was chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company and played a major role in the formation of the giant U.S. Steel manufacturing concern. He had extensive real estate holdings in Pittsburgh and throughout the state of Pennsylvania. He later built the Neoclassical Frick Mansion in Manhattan, and upon his death donated his extensive collection of old master paintings and fine furniture to create the celebrated Frick Collection and art museum. However, as a founding member of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club, he was also in large part responsible for the alterations to the South Fork Dam that caused its failure, leading to the catastrophic Johnstown Flood. His vehement opposition to unions also caused violent conflict, most notably in the Homestead Strike.
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