Gliese 86

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Gliese 86
Eridanus constellation map.svg
Red circle.svg
Location of Gliese 86 (circled in red)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Eridanus [1]
Gliese 86 A
Right ascension 02h 10m 25.9182s [2]
Declination −50° 49′ 25.465″ [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)6.17 [3]
Gliese 86 B
Right ascension 02h 10m 26.1144s [4]
Declination −50° 49′ 26.334″ [4]
Apparent magnitude  (V)14.0 [5]
Characteristics
A
Evolutionary stage main sequence [2]
Spectral type K1V [6]
U−B color index 0.44 [7]
B−V color index 0.82 [7]
B
Evolutionary stage white dwarf [8]
Spectral type DQ6 [9] [10]
Astrometry
A
Radial velocity (Rv)+55.22±0.15 [2] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: +2,125.416 mas/yr [2]
Dec.: +637.975 mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)92.9251±0.0461  mas [2]
Distance 35.10 ± 0.02  ly
(10.761 ± 0.005  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)5.95 [11]
Orbit [9]
PrimaryGliese 86 A
CompanionGliese 86 B
Period (P)≈100  yr
Semi-major axis (a)23.7 au
Eccentricity (e)0.429
Inclination (i)126.44°
Longitude of the node (Ω)234.2°
Details
Gliese 86 A
Mass 0.83±0.05 [12]   M☉
Radius 0.79±0.03 [12]   R☉
Luminosity 0.41 [13]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.56±0.10 [12]   cgs
Temperature 5,180±80 [12]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.27±0.07 [12]   dex
Rotation 30.0 days [14]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.0±1.0 [12]  km/s
Age 10±1 [12]   Gyr
Gliese 86 B
Mass 0.5425 [9]   M☉
Surface gravity (log g)8.00 [15]   cgs
Temperature 5,000±500 [8]   K
Other designations
GJ 86, WDS J02104-5049
Gliese 86A: CD−51°532, HD 13445, HIP 10138, HR 637, SAO 232658 [16]
Gliese 86B: WD 0208-510 [17]
Database references
SIMBAD data
B
Exoplanet Archive data
ARICNS data

Gliese 86 (13 G. Eridani, HD 13445) is a K-type main-sequence star 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. It has been confirmed that a white dwarf orbits the primary star. In 1998 the European Southern Observatory announced that an extrasolar planet was also orbiting the star. [18]

Contents

Stellar components

The primary companion (Gliese 86 A) is a K-type main-sequence star of spectral type K1V. The characteristics in comparison to the Sun are 83% the mass, 79% the radius, and 50% the luminosity. The star has a close-orbiting massive Jovian planet.

Gliese 86 B is a white dwarf located around 21 AU from the primary star, making the Gliese 86 system one of the tightest binaries known to host an extrasolar planet. [19] It was discovered in 2001 and initially suspected to be a brown dwarf, [20] but high contrast observations in 2005 suggested that the object is probably a white dwarf, as its spectrum does not exhibit molecular absorption features which are typical of brown dwarfs. [8] Assuming the white dwarf has a mass about half that of the Sun and that the linear trend observed in radial velocity measurements is due to Gliese 86 B, a plausible orbit for this star around Gliese 86 A has a semimajor axis of 18.42 AU and an eccentricity of 0.3974. [21] When both stars were on the main sequence, the separation between the two stars was closer, at around 9 AU. [9] More precise measurements for the white dwarf give it a mass of 55% the mass of the Sun [9] and a temperature of around 8200 K. [12]

Planetary system

The planet Gliese 86 b was discovered by the Swiss 1.2 m Leonhard Euler Telescope operated by the Geneva Observatory. [22] Such an object was formed from a protoplanetary disk that was truncated at 2 AU from the parent star. [9]

The radial velocity measurements of Gliese 86 show a linear trend once the motion due to this planet are taken out. This may be associated with the orbital motion of the white dwarf companion.

The Gliese 86 A planetary system [23]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥6.588±0.018  MJ 0.114340±0.00000115.76480±0.000040.048±0.002——

See also

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi: 10.1086/132034 . Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ C. Cincunegui; P. J. D. Mauas (2004). "Library of flux-calibrated echelle spectra of southern late-type dwarfs with different activity levels". Astronomy and Astrophysics . 414 (2): 699–706. Bibcode: 2004A&A...414..699C . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20031671 . hdl: 11336/21158 .
  4. 1 2 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ↑ Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, T. D.; Sion, E. M.; McCook, G. P. (2016). "The 25 parsec local white dwarf population". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 462 (3): 2295. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.462.2295H. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw1357 .
  6. ↑ Gray, R. O.; et al. (July 2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample", The Astronomical Journal , 132 (1): 161–170, arXiv: astro-ph/0603770 , Bibcode: 2006AJ....132..161G , doi: 10.1086/504637 .
  7. 1 2 Karataş, Y.; Schuster, W. J. (2006). "Metallicity and absolute magnitude calibrations for UBV photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 371 (4): 1793. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.371.1793K. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10800.x .
  8. 1 2 3 Mugrauer, M.; Neuhäuser, R. (2005). "Gl86B: a white dwarf orbits an exoplanet host star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters . 361 (1): L15 –L19. arXiv: astro-ph/0506311 . Bibcode:2005MNRAS.361L..15M. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00055.x . S2CID   16904466.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Zeng, Yunlin; Brandt, Timothy D.; Li, Gongjie; Dupuy, Trent J.; Li, Yiting; Brandt, G. Mirek; Farihi, Jay; Horner, Jonathan; Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Butler, R. Paul.; Tinney, Christopher G.; Carter, Bradley D.; Wright, Duncan J.; Jones, Hugh R. A.; o'Toole, Simon J. (2022). "The Gliese 86 Binary System: A Warm Jupiter Formed in a Disk Truncated at ≈2 au". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (5): 188. arXiv: 2112.06394 . Bibcode:2022AJ....164..188Z. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac8ff7 . S2CID   252872318.
  10. ↑ "Open Exoplanet Catalogue, Gliese 86". Archived from the original on 2020-07-14. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
  11. ↑ Holmberg, J.; et al. (July 2009), "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 501 (3): 941–947, arXiv: 0811.3982 , Bibcode: 2009A&A...501..941H , doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/200811191 .
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Fuhrmann, K.; et al. (2014). "On the Age of Gliese 86". The Astrophysical Journal. 785 (1). 68. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...785...68F . doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/68 .
  13. ↑ Reiners, Ansgar; Zechmeister, Mathias (2020). "Radial Velocity Photon Limits for the Dwarf Stars of Spectral Classes F-M". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 247 (1): 11. arXiv: 1912.04120 . Bibcode:2020ApJS..247...11R. doi: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab609f .
  14. ↑ Cruz Aguirre, Fernando; Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevin; Bourrier, Vincent (2023). "Disentangling Stellar and Airglow Emission Lines from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) Spectra". The Astrophysical Journal. 946 (2): 98. Bibcode:2023ApJ...946...98C. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/acad7d .
  15. ↑ Sion, Edward M.; Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, Terry D.; McCook, George P.; Wasatonic, Richard (2009). "The White Dwarfs within 20 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Statistics". The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1681. arXiv: 0910.1288 . Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1681S. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1681.
  16. ↑ "HD 13445". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2020-08-14.
  17. ↑ "HD 13445B". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2020-08-14.
  18. ↑ "Extrasolar Planet in Double Star System Discovered from La Silla" (Press release). Garching, Germany: European Southern Observatory. November 24, 1998. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
  19. ↑ Raghavan, Deepak; et al. (2006). "Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems". The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (1): 523–542. arXiv: astro-ph/0603836 . Bibcode: 2006ApJ...646..523R . doi: 10.1086/504823 .
  20. ↑ Els, S. G.; et al. (2001). "A second substellar companion in the Gliese 86 system. A brown dwarf in an extrasolar planetary system". Astronomy and Astrophysics . 370 (1): L1 –L4. Bibcode:2001A&A...370L...1E. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20010298 .
  21. ↑ Lagrange, A.-M.; et al. (2006). "New constrains on Gliese 86 B. VLT near infrared coronographic imaging survey of planetary hosts". Astronomy and Astrophysics . 459 (3): 955–963. Bibcode:2006A&A...459..955L. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20054710 .
  22. ↑ "Southern Sky extrasolar Planet search Programme". Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2009-02-18.
  23. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A.; et al. (2020). "Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (1): 377–383. arXiv: 1912.01821 . Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492..377W. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz3436 . S2CID   208617606.
  24. van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 . Vizier catalog entry Archived 2018-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
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