NGC 1404

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NGC 1404
Falling in Fornax.jpg
VLT image of NGC 1404
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Eridanus
Right ascension 03h 38m 51.917s [1]
Declination −35° 35′ 39.81″ [1]
Redshift 0.006498 [2]
Heliocentric radial velocity 1942 ± 48 km/s [2]
Distance 61  Mly (18.7  Mpc) [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.00 [4]
Apparent magnitude  (B)10.97 [4]
Characteristics
Type E1 [4]
Apparent size  (V)3.3′ × 3.0′ [4]
Other designations
MCG -06-09-013, PGC 13433 [2]

NGC 1404 is an elliptical galaxy in the Southern constellation Eridanus. It was discovered on November 28, 1837, by the astronomer John Herschel. [5] Based on the tip of the red-giant branch distance indicator, it lies at a distance of approximately 60 million light-years from the Milky Way. [3] It is one of the brightest members of the Fornax Cluster. [6] [7]

Contents

Characteristics

As usual with most elliptical galaxies, NGC 1404 is rich in globular clusters, with a population of them that has been estimated to be around 725; [8] however it has been proposed it could have lost most of its globular clusters due to gravitational interactions with NGC 1399, the brightest galaxy of the Fornax Cluster. [9]

Studies using the X-ray telescope Chandra show how the ram-pressure stripping caused by the motion of NGC 1404 through Fornax' intracluster medium is stripping the galaxy of its hot gas, [10] leaving behind a large trail. [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Virgo Cluster</span> Galaxy cluster in the constellation Virgo

The Virgo Cluster is a large cluster of galaxies whose center is 53.8 ± 0.3 Mly away in the constellation Virgo. Comprising approximately 1,300 member galaxies, the cluster forms the heart of the larger Virgo Supercluster, of which the Local Group is a member. The Local Group actually experiences the mass of the Virgo Supercluster as the Virgocentric flow. It is estimated that the Virgo Cluster's mass is 1.2×1015M☉ out to 8 degrees of the cluster's center or a radius of about 2.2 Mpc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sombrero Galaxy</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

The Sombrero Galaxy is a peculiar galaxy of unclear classification in the constellation borders of Virgo and Corvus, being about 9.55 megaparsecs from the Milky Way galaxy. It is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster. It has an isophotal diameter of approximately 29.09 to 32.32 kiloparsecs, making it slightly bigger in size than the Milky Way.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Messier 89</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo

Messier 89 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by Charles Messier on March 18, 1781. M89 is a member of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4881</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4881 is an elliptical galaxy in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered by the German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest on April 22, 1865. John L. E. Dreyer described it as "faint, small, a little extended, 9th magnitude star to southwest". This object is located at a distance of approximately 309 megalight-years from the Milky Way. It is a member of the Coma cluster of galaxies, positioned around 18′ to the north of the cluster's center with no nearby galactic neighbors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fornax Dwarf</span> Dwarf galaxy in the constellation Fornax

The Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal is an elliptical dwarf galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was discovered in 1938 by Harlow Shapley. He discovered it while he was in South Africa on photographic plates taken by the 24 inch (61 cm) Bruce refractor at Boyden Observatory, shortly after he discovered the Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fornax Cluster</span> Galaxy cluster in the constellation Fornax

The Fornax Cluster is a cluster of galaxies lying at a distance of 19 megaparsecs (62 million light-years). It has an estimated mass of (7±2)×1013 solar masses, making it the second richest galaxy cluster within 100 million light-years, after the considerably larger Virgo Cluster. It may be associated with the nearby Eridanus Group. It lies primarily in the constellation Fornax, with its southern boundaries partially crossing into the constellation of Eridanus, and covers an area of sky about 6° across or about 28 sq degrees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1316</span> Lenticular radio galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1316 is a lenticular galaxy about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Fornax. It is a radio galaxy and at 1400 MHz is the fourth-brightest radio source in the sky.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1427</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1427 is a low-luminosity elliptical galaxy located approximately 71 million light-years away from Earth. It was discovered by John Frederick William Herschel on November 28, 1837. It is a member of the Fornax Cluster. The galaxy has a stellar mass of 7.9 × 1010M☉, and a total mass of 9.4 × 1010M☉. However, the mass of the dark matter halo surrounding the galaxy is around 4.3 × 1012M☉.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dorado Group</span> Galaxy cluster in the constellation Dorado

The Dorado Group is a loose concentration of galaxies containing both spirals and ellipticals. It is generally considered a 'galaxy group' but may approach the size of a 'galaxy cluster'. It lies primarily in the southern constellation Dorado and is one of the richest galaxy groups of the Southern Hemisphere. Gérard de Vaucouleurs was the first to identify it in 1975 as a large complex nebulae II in the Dorado region, designating it as G16.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1399</span> Elliptical galaxy in the Fornax Cluster

NGC 1399 is a large elliptical galaxy in the Southern constellation Fornax, the central galaxy in the Fornax Cluster. The galaxy is 66 million light-years away from Earth. With a diameter of 130 000 light-years, it is one of the largest galaxies in the Fornax Cluster and slightly larger than the Milky Way. William Herschel discovered this galaxy on October 22, 1835.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3610</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3610 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on 8 April 1793 by German-British astronomer William Herschel. This galaxy is located at a distance of 106 million light-years (32.5 Mpc) from the Milky Way, and is receding with a galacto-centric radial velocity of 1,819 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 708</span> Galaxy in the constellation Andromeda

NGC 708 is an elliptical galaxy located 240 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda and was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on September 21, 1786. It is classified as a cD galaxy and is the brightest member of Abell 262. NGC 708 is a weak FR I radio galaxy and is also classified as a type 2 Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1380</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1380 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Fornax. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1380 is about 85,000 light years across. It was discovered by James Dunlop on September 2, 1826. It is a member of the Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4636</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4636 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is a member of the NGC 4753 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster. It is located at a distance of about 55 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4636 is about 105,000 light years across.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5846</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 5846 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of circa 90 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5846 is about 110,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on February 24, 1786. It lies near 110 Virginis and is part of the Herschel 400 Catalogue. It is a member of the NGC 5846 Group of galaxies, itself one of the Virgo III Groups strung out to the east of the Virgo Supercluster of galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1381</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1381 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Fornax. It is located at a distance of about 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1381 is about 55,000 light years across. It is a member of the Fornax Cluster. NGC 1381 appears edge-on and features a thin disk with high surface brightness and a boxy bulge. Both the box-shaped bulge and the kinematics of the central area of the galaxy suggest that NGC 1381 has a bar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4278</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4278 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Coma Berenices. It is located at a distance of circa 55 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4278 is about 65,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 13, 1785. NGC 4278 is part of the Herschel 400 Catalogue and can be found about one and 3/4 of a degree northwest of Gamma Comae Berenices even with a small telescope.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4318</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4318 is a small lenticular galaxy located about 72 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on January 18, 1828. NGC 4318 is a member of the Virgo W′ group, a group of galaxies in the background of the Virgo Cluster that is centered on the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4365.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1373</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1373 is a dwarf elliptical galaxy located 61 millon light years away in constellation of Fornax. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on November 29, 1837, and is a member of the Fornax Cluster. NGC 1373 is a host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 4.6 millon solar masses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1396</span> Dwarf elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Fornax

NGC 1396 is a dwarf elliptical galaxy located 61 millon light years away in the constellation of Fornax. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Julius Schmidt on January 19, 1865, and is a member of the Fornax Cluster. Despite the fact that the galaxy PGC 13398 is most commonly identified as NGC 1396, there is uncertainty in its identification.

References

  1. 1 2 Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi: 10.1086/498708 . ISSN   0004-6256. S2CID   18913331.
  2. 1 2 3 "NGC 1404". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  3. 1 2 Hoyt, Taylor J.; Beaton, Rachael L.; Freedman, Wendy L.; Jang, In Sung; Lee, Myung Gyoon; Madore, Barry F.; Monson, Andrew J.; Neeley, Jillian R.; Rich, Jeffrey A.; Seibert, Mark (2021). "The Carnegie Chicago Hubble Program X: Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distances to NGC 5643 and NGC 1404". The Astrophysical Journal. 915 (1): 34. arXiv: 2101.12232 . Bibcode:2021ApJ...915...34H. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/abfe5a . S2CID   231728270.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Gil de Paz, Armando; et al. (December 2007). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 173 (2): 185–255. arXiv: astro-ph/0606440 . Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G. doi:10.1086/516636. S2CID   119085482.
  5. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue objects: NGC 1400 - 1449". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  6. ↑ "Falling in Fornax". www.eso.org. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  7. ↑ Blakeslee, J. P.; Jordan, A.; Mei, S.; Cote, P.; Ferrarese, L.; Infante, L.; Tonry, J. L. (March 2009). "The ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. V. Measurement and Recalibration of Surface Brightness Fluctuations and a Precise Value of the Fornax-Virgo Relative Distance". The Astrophysical Journal. 694 (1): 556–572. arXiv: 0901.1138 . Bibcode:2009ApJ...694..556B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/694/1/556. S2CID   16521293.
  8. ↑ Forbes, D. A.; Grillmair, C. J.; Williger, G. M.; Emerson, R. A. W.; Brodie, J. P. (January 1998). "HST imaging of the globular clusters in the Fornax cluster - NGC 1399 and NGC 1404". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 293 (3): 325–336. arXiv: astro-ph/9708025 . Bibcode:1998MNRAS.293..325F. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01202.x . S2CID   119362742.
  9. ↑ Bekki, K.; Forbes, D. A.; Beasley, M. A.; Couch, W. J. (October 2003). "Dynamical evolution of globular cluster systems in clusters of galaxies - I. The case of NGC 1404 in the Fornax cluster". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 334 (4): 1334–1344. arXiv: astro-ph/0308202 . Bibcode:2003MNRAS.344.1334B. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06925.x . S2CID   16549156.
  10. ↑ Machaceck, M.; Dosaj., A.; Forman, W.; Jones, C.; Markevitch, M.; Vikhlinin, A.; Warmflash, A.; Kraft, R. (March 2005). "Infall of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 1404 into the Fornax Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 621 (2): 663–672. arXiv: astro-ph/0408159 . Bibcode:2005ApJ...621..663M. doi:10.1086/427548. S2CID   14902493.
  11. ↑ http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2004/fornax/ Fornax Cluster: Motions of Nearby Galaxy Cluster Reveal Presence of Hidden Superstructure
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