NGC 1381

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NGC 1381
NGC 1381 (crop of eso1612a).png
NGC 1381 by the VLT Survey Telescope, ESO
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Fornax
Right ascension 03h 36m 31.7s [1]
Declination −35° 17′ 43″ [1]
Redshift 0.005751 ± 0.000030 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 1,724 ± 9 km/s [1]
Distance 58.8 ± 10.2 Mly (18.0 ± 3.1 Mpc) [1]
Group or cluster Fornax Cluster
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.5
Characteristics
Type SA0 [1]
Apparent size  (V)2.7′ × 0.7′ [1]
Other designations
ESO 358- G029, MCG -06-09-003, PGC 13321 [1]

NGC 1381 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Fornax. It is located at a distance of about 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1381 is about 55,000 light years across. [1] It is a member of the Fornax Cluster. NGC 1381 appears edge-on and features a thin disk with high surface brightness and a boxy bulge. [2] Both the box-shaped bulge and the kinematics of the central area of the galaxy suggest that NGC 1381 has a bar. [3]

NGC 1381 was discovered by Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt on January 19, 1865. [4] Julius Schmidt was then director of the National Observatory of Athens and he was inspecting the Cape catalogue nebulae with a 6 ft refractor. Along with NGC 1381, he also discovered the nearby galaxies NGC 1382, NGC 1386, NGC 1389, and NGC 1428. The publication of their discovery was delayed by 10 years and was published in 1876 with the work Über einige im Cape-Catalog fehlende Nebel. [5]

NGC 1381 lies at the core of the Fornax Cluster. It lies within a region with increased density of candidate globular clusters nearly half a degree across that connects the elliptical galaxy NGC 1399 with its surrounding galaxies like NGC 1404, NGC 1387, and NGC 1380B. This structure is considered to be the result of the interactions between the cluster galaxies. [6] A region with intracluster light has also being discovered between NGC 1381, NGC 1387, and NGC 1379. It is suggested that it was created by the tidal stripping of stars and globular clusters from the galaxies. [7]

One supernova has been observed in NGC 1381: SN 2022ffv (Type Ia, mag 13.3). [8]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dwarf galaxy</span> Small galaxy composed of up to several billion stars

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Messier 90</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

Messier 90 is an intermediate spiral galaxy exhibiting a weak inner ring structure about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1781.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fornax Dwarf</span> Dwarf galaxy in the constellation Fornax

The Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal is an elliptical dwarf galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was discovered in 1938 by Harlow Shapley. He discovered it while he was in South Africa on photographic plates taken by the 24 inch (61 cm) Bruce refractor at Boyden Observatory, shortly after he discovered the Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fornax Cluster</span> Galaxy cluster in the constellation Fornax

The Fornax Cluster is a cluster of galaxies lying at a distance of 19 megaparsecs (62 million light-years). It has an estimated mass of (7±2)×1013 solar masses, making it the second richest galaxy cluster within 100 million light-years, after the considerably larger Virgo Cluster. It may be associated with the nearby Eridanus Group. It lies primarily in the constellation Fornax, with its southern boundaries partially crossing into the constellation of Eridanus, and covers an area of sky about 6° across or about 28 sq degrees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1427</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1427 is a low-luminosity elliptical galaxy approximately 71 million light-years away from Earth. It was discovered by John Frederick William Herschel on November 28, 1837. It is located in the Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1427A</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1427A is an irregular galaxy in the constellation Fornax. Its distance modulus has been estimated using the globular cluster luminosity function to be 31.01 ± 0.21 which is about 52 Mly. It is the brightest dwarf irregular member of the Fornax cluster and is in the foreground of the cluster's central galaxy NGC 1399.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dorado Group</span> Galaxy cluster in the constellation Dorado

The Dorado Group is a loose concentration of galaxies containing both spirals and ellipticals. It is generally considered a 'galaxy group' but may approach the size of a 'galaxy cluster'. It lies primarily in the southern constellation Dorado and is one of the richest galaxy groups of the Southern Hemisphere. Gérard de Vaucouleurs was the first to identify it in 1975 as a large complex nebulae II in the Dorado region, designating it as G16.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1399</span> Elliptical galaxy in the Fornax Cluster

NGC 1399 is a large elliptical galaxy in the Southern constellation Fornax, the central galaxy in the Fornax Cluster. The galaxy is 66 million light-years away from Earth. With a diameter of 130 000 light-years, it is one of the largest galaxies in the Fornax Cluster and slightly larger than the Milky Way. William Herschel discovered this galaxy on October 22, 1835.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1404</span> Elliptical galaxy in the Fornax Cluster

NGC 1404 is an elliptical galaxy in the Southern constellation Eridanus. It was discovered on November 28, 1837, by the astronomer John Herschel. Based on the tip of the red-giant branch distance indicator, it lies at a distance of approximately 60 million light-years from the Milky Way. It is one of the brightest members of the Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3311</span> Galaxy in the constellation Hydra

NGC 3311 is a super-giant elliptical galaxy located about 190 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 30, 1835. NGC 3311 is the brightest member of the Hydra Cluster and forms a pair with NGC 3309 which along with NGC 3311, dominate the central region of the Hydra Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5982</span> Galaxy in the constellation Draco

NGC 5982 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5982 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on May 25, 1788.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1380</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1380 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Fornax. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1380 is about 85,000 light years across. It was discovered by James Dunlop on September 2, 1826. It is a member of the Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1386</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1386 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 53 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1386 is about 50,000 light years across. It is a Seyfert galaxy, the only one in Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1310</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1310 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the southern constellation of Fornax. It was discovered by English astronomer John Herschel on 22 October 1835.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1387</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1387 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Fornax, in the Fornax Cluster. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 25, 1835.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1374</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1374 is a low-luminosity elliptical galaxy in the southern constellation Fornax. It was discovered by John Herschel on November 29, 1837.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1379</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1379 is a low-luminosity elliptical galaxy in the southern constellation Fornax. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 25, 1835.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4365</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4365 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 13, 1784.

NGC 7492 is a globular cluster in the constellation Aquarius. It was discovered by the astronomer William Herschel on September 20, 1786. It resides in the outskirts of the Milky Way, about 80,000 light-years away, more than twice the distance between the Sun and the center of the galaxy, and is a benchmark member of the outer galactic halo. The cluster is immersed in, but does not kinematically belong to, the Sagittarius Stream.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 1381. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  2. ↑ Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994), The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies. Volume I, Carnegie Institution of Washington
  3. ↑ Bedregal, A. G.; Aragon-Salamanca, A.; Merrifield, M. R.; Milvang-Jensen, B. (1 October 2006). "S0 galaxies in Fornax: data and kinematics". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 371 (4): 1912–1924. arXiv: astro-ph/0607434 . Bibcode:2006MNRAS.371.1912B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10829.x. S2CID   6872442.
  4. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 1381 (= PGC 13321)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  5. ↑ Steinicke, Wolfgang (2010). Observing and Cataloguing Nebulae and Star Clusters: From Herschel to Dreyer's New General Catalogue. Cambridge University Press. pp. 258–261. ISBN   9781139490108.
  6. ↑ D'Abrusco, R.; Cantiello, M.; Paolillo, M.; Pota, V.; Napolitano, N. R.; Limatola, L.; Spavone, M.; Grado, A.; Iodice, E.; Capaccioli, M.; Peletier, R.; Longo, G.; Hilker, M.; Mieske, S.; Grebel, E. K.; Lisker, T.; Wittmann, C.; Ven, G. van de; Schipani, P.; Fabbiano, G. (7 March 2016). "The Extended Spatial Distribution of Globular Clusters in the Core of the Fornax Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 819 (2): L31. arXiv: 1602.06076 . Bibcode:2016ApJ...819L..31D. doi: 10.3847/2041-8205/819/2/L31 . S2CID   119195254.
  7. ↑ Iodice, E.; Spavone, M.; Cantiello, M.; D'Abrusco, R.; Capaccioli, M.; Hilker, M.; Mieske, S.; Napolitano, N. R.; Peletier, R. F.; Limatola, L.; Grado, A.; Venhola, A.; Paolillo, M.; Ven, G. Van de; Schipani, P. (14 December 2017). "Intracluster Patches of Baryons in the Core of the Fornax Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 851 (2): 75. arXiv: 1711.04681 . Bibcode:2017ApJ...851...75I. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa9b30 . S2CID   54093043.
  8. ↑ Transient Name Server entry for SN 2022ffv. Retrieved 1 January 2023.


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